Question 1

Janese cuts her arms when overwhelmed by emotion, abruptly changes from laughter to anger, and needs constant reassurance from others to feel any sense of self-worth. She is MOST likely to be diagnosed with _____ disorder.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are consistent with borderline personality disorder, which is characterized by unstable emotions, impulsive behavior, self-harm, and a persistent fear of abandonment or rejection. Dissociative identity disorder (A and C) involves a fragmentation of identity into multiple distinct personalities, while major depression (D) is characterized by persistent low mood, loss of interest, and feelings of hopelessness, but does not typically involve impulsivity or self-harm.

Question 2

One of the biological theories of the cause of antisocial personality is _____.

Accepted Answer

Low autonomic activation during stress is associated with antisocial personality disorder, suggesting that individuals with this disorder may not experience stress or fear in the same way as others, which can contribute to their antisocial behaviors.

Question 3

This disorder is characterized by impulsivity, hypersexuality, and instability of mood, relationships, and self-image.

Accepted Answer

Borderline personality disorder is characterized by impulsivity, hypersexuality, and instability of mood, relationships, and self-image. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by disregard for others' feelings, lying, and conduct problems. Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions and hallucinations. Dissociative identity disorder is characterized by the existence of multiple distinct identities or personalities, often as a result of trauma.

Question 4

_____ is the presence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time.

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the co-occurrence of two or more disorders or medical conditions in the same individual, and is commonly observed in mental health and healthcare settings. Dual diagnosis, while related, typically refers to the presence of a mental health disorder alongside a substance abuse disorder. Double jeopardy and double indemnity are legal terms and not related to this context.

Question 5

Some therapists consider DID to be _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some therapists consider DID to be _____.
...

Question 6

This group of disorders attempts to avoid painful memories or situations. It is characterized by amnesia, fugue, or multiple personalities.

Accepted Answer

Dissociative disorders are characterized by a disruption of normal memory, identity, consciousness, or perception. The avoidance of painful memories or situations is a common feature of these disorders, which include amnesia, fugue (sudden and unexpected travel away from home or work, with inability to recall the past), and multiple personalities (now referred to as dissociative identity disorder). Displacement and disoriented disorders are not recognized diagnostic terms. Identity disorders are not specific to the avoidance of painful memories or situations.

Question 7

A condition in which two or more distinct personalities are present, at different times, in the same person is called _____.

Accepted Answer

The correct term for the condition described is dissociative identity disorder (DID). Schizophrenia is a different disorder that involves delusions and hallucinations, while plural personality disorder (PPD) and dissociative personality disorder (DPD) are outdated terms that are no longer used in the field of psychology.

Question 8

Which of the following supports the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The diathesis-stress model proposes that individuals may have a genetic vulnerability (diathesis) to developing schizophrenia but that it requires an environmental trigger or stressor to actually develop the disorder. The fact that returning home to their families can be a trigger for relapse and worsening symptoms in hospitalized patients supports this model.

Question 9

Comorbidity is the term used to indicate _____.

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time. Therefore, the correct answer is C. A refers to familial occurrence of a single disease, B refers to multiple deaths from one disorder, and D is incorrect because only C is true.

Question 10

People who are defined as being "social predators" and "lacking in conscience and empathy" probably have _____.

Accepted Answer

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, impulsivity, manipulation, and a lack of remorse or guilt. People with this disorder may engage in criminal behavior and often show a lack of empathy towards others.

Question 11

Egocentrism, lack of a conscience, disregard for the rights of others, impulsive behavior, lack of remorse/guilt, and charisma are characteristic of someone _____.

Accepted Answer

The characteristics listed are consistent with those of individuals with an antisocial personality disorder, which is also commonly referred to as sociopathy or psychopathy.

Question 12

According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia, someone with an inherited predisposition for schizophrenia will experience a schizophrenic episode when they encounter _____.

Accepted Answer

The diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia suggests that individuals with a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia may only develop the disorder when exposed to environmental stressors that exceed their ability to cope. Therefore, more stress than they can handle is the most likely answer.

Question 13

Research on dissociative identity disorder suggests that _____.

Accepted Answer

Research on dissociative identity disorder suggests that the original personality may have no idea about the alternate personalities, patients commonly report losing time, and the disorder is diagnosed more frequently in women. Therefore, all of these options are correct.

Question 14

The presence of inflexible, maladaptive personality traits that significantly impair social and occupational functioning is characteristic of _____.

Accepted Answer

The statement describes personality disorders, which are characterized by enduring patterns of behavior, cognition, and emotion that deviate from cultural norms and cause significant distress or impairment in social or occupational functioning. Personality disorders are distinct from other mental disorders, which may involve a range of symptoms related to mood, anxiety, thought processes, or other areas of functioning, and may not necessarily include personality traits. Psychotic and dissociative disorders also do not necessarily involve personality traits as a defining feature. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 15

A dissociative identity disorder has this characteristic:

Accepted Answer

Dissociative identity disorder (previously known as multiple personality disorder) involves the splitting apart of a person's identity and sense of self, often as a coping mechanism to deal with trauma or abuse. This can include the splitting apart of painful experiences from conscious awareness, which is known as dissociation. Damage to the hippocampus (B) is not a known cause or symptom of this disorder, and while there may be some confusion between reality and fantasy (C), this is not the defining characteristic of dissociative identity disorder. Low self-esteem (D) may be present as a result of the trauma experienced, but it is not the primary characteristic of the disorder.

Question 16

Research on the biological and psychosocial theories of schizophrenia suggests that _____.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that biological, psychosocial, and unknown factors all interact to cause schizophrenia. While some studies have identified genetic and brain structure differences in those with schizophrenia, other studies have found social factors such as stressful life events and family dynamics to also play a role. It is likely that a combination of biological, psychosocial, and unknown factors contribute to the development of schizophrenia.

Question 17

Schizophrenia is also a form of _______________, a term describing a general lack of contact with reality.

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is a type of psychosis, which is defined as a general lack of contact with reality. Neurosis is a term used to describe milder mental health conditions, such as anxiety or obsessive-compulsive disorder. Delusion and bizarre behavior are symptoms of schizophrenia, but they do not encompass the full experience of the disorder.

Question 18

Those at genetic risk for schizophrenia are more likely to develop it if they use ___________heavily.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Those at genetic risk for schizophrenia are...

Question 19

A preoccupation with one's own concerns, and insensitivity to the perspective or needs of others, is defined as _____ in your text.

Accepted Answer

Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, lack of empathy, and often a focus on one's own needs and desires without consideration for others.

Question 20

Which of the following supports a genetic basis to schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

A) Research studies have shown a significant genetic component to schizophrenia. As the genetic overlap between an individual and someone diagnosed with schizophrenia increases, so does the probability of being diagnosed with schizophrenia.
B) Amphetamines increase dopamine levels and can worsen symptoms of schizophrenia. This supports the dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia, which suggests that excessive dopamine activity may contribute to the development of schizophrenia. 
C) Brain imaging studies have shown that individuals with schizophrenia have larger cerebral ventricles than normal controls. This suggests that individuals with schizophrenia may experience brain atrophy, which may be related to the development of the disorder.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders