Question 1

Several problems are identified in applying engineering reliability analysis to human reliability: among these are the findings that:

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Question 2

Applying human reliability analysis to humans and machines working together is made more difficult because of:

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All of the options listed (A, B, C) are recognized challenges in applying human reliability analysis to scenarios where humans and machines work together. Each point addresses a different aspect of the interaction that can complicate the analysis: poorly designed interfaces can lead to high workloads, unreliable automation can affect trust, and the need for selective attention can impact monitoring effectiveness.

Question 3

Using a reminder is the best technique to avoid which kind of error:

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Post-completion errors are mistakes made after completing the main task, often because the person forgets to complete a final step. Reminders are effective in preventing these errors by prompting the individual to complete all necessary steps.

Question 4

Effective design solutions to prevent human error are identified as:

Accepted Answer

Effective design solutions to prevent human error include avoiding similarity-based confusion, making system actions visible to the user, and ensuring the design does not rely on multi-modal systems that can confuse users. Each of these strategies helps in reducing the likelihood of errors by making the interaction more intuitive and the system's state more apparent to the user.

Question 5

In two sentences, describe the relationship in a simple RT task between the variables of warning interval delay (length) and warning interval variability

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Question 6

What is the difference between the speed-accuracy micro trade-off and the speed-accuracy macro trade-off? What is one factor that influences each of these?

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Question 7

Show, in words and/or pictures, how congruence contributes to both location and movement compatibility

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Question 8

What is the difference between the repetition effect and the alternation effect in influencing choice RT? What causes one or the other to be observed?

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Question 9

What is the additive factors technique, and how does it contribute to understanding stages of human information processing?

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Question 10

What is the decision complexity advantage? (DCA). Identify one example of application of the DCA to interface design. Briefly (1 sentence) describe how your example adheres to the DCA.

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Question 11

What factor most strongly influences the relative effectiveness of self-pacing versus forced pacing in serial RT tasks, and why does it do so?

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Question 12

Describe two factors related to preview in transcription tasks that contribute to the advantage of preview to human information processing.

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Question 13

What are two major distinctions between slips and mistakes, as categories of human error?

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Question 14

Describe the difference between parallel and serial configurations of error-prone (reliability < 1.0) components. Show how to compute the overall system reliability with each of these two configurations (assuming each has two components).

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Question 15

Describe the Hick-Hyman law of RT. Graph it. Show how it accounts for the effect of expectancy on RT in information theory terms.

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Question 16

List and describe five variables that influence movement compatibility.

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Question 17

Describe the psychological refractory period and how predictions of single channel theory are tested in the typical psychological refractory period experiment by varying aspects of two RT tasks.

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Question 18

Identify and clearly describe five different categories of human error within the context of a model of human information processing. Provide one example of each.

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Question 19

What is human reliability analysis? List and briefly describe three main challenges with its application to human-machine system error prediction.

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Quiz 9: Selection of Action