Question 1

One of the substantial weaknesses of cross-cultural research is its overwhelming reliance on research samples comprised of students. Why is it a weakness?

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the substantial weaknesses of cross-cultural...

Question 2

To receive reliable survey information in countries under authoritarian regimes can often be extremely difficult. Why? Give several reasons.

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The answer of To receive reliable survey information in countries...

Question 3

Studies show that people in countries such as Japan and Korea tend to evaluate themselves critically in surveys; they tend to consider self as not necessarily hard-working. Explain the reasons for such cultural response bias.

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The answer of Studies show that people in countries such...

Question 4

Consider a situation. As a psychologist, you have developed a test that measures a person's "readiness" to get married and start a family. You find that the test is a fine predictor if a person could have a successful marriage. Next, you decide to pursue an application-oriented strategy for your test. What does it mean? What will you do as a researcher?

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Question 5

Why are cultural dichotomies inaccurate?

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The answer of Why are cultural dichotomies inaccurate?...

Question 6

Why do psychologists use qualitative research in cross-cultural psychology?

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Question 7

What is the name of the type of survey in which the researcher's personal impact is very small because there is no direct communication between the respondent and the interviewer?

Accepted Answer

Indirect survey involves the use of questionnaires or online surveys where the respondent and the interviewer do not have direct communication. This type of survey ensures that the researcher's personal impact on the respondent is very small.

Question 8

The ____________ is a view in cross-cultural psychology that physiological phenomena are basically the same in all cultures.

Accepted Answer

The absolutist approach in cross-cultural psychology holds the view that physiological phenomena are basically the same across cultures, regardless of cultural or environmental factors. This approach assumes a universalistic perspective, implying that the same biological processes underlie behavior in all humans.

Question 9

Divorce rates around the world are negatively correlated with fertility rates. This means that the more children a family has _________________.

Accepted Answer

The negative correlation between divorce rates and fertility rates means that as fertility rates increase, divorce rates decrease. This suggests that having more children may help to strengthen a marriage and decrease the likelihood of divorce. Therefore, option B is the correct choice.

Question 10

If the strength of an ethnic group's religious beliefs are positively correlated with their family values, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The statement describes a positive correlation, which means that as one variable (religious beliefs) increases, the other variable (family values) also increases. This suggests that both A (religious beliefs) and B (family values) are influencing each other in a bidirectional manner. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 11

If you were to examine African and European fairy tales to find out how often they refer to symptoms of mental illness, what kind of a methodology are you likely to use?

Accepted Answer

Content-analysis involves analyzing written or spoken material for specific themes or behaviors, which would be useful in examining African and European fairy tales for references to symptoms of mental illness. Naturalistic observation, experiment, and laboratory observation do not apply in this context. Sample selection could be relevant but is not the most suitable methodology for this specific research question.

Question 12

Naturalistic observation refers to studies conducted in rural areas, away from large metropolitan cities.

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation refers to a research method in which researchers observe and record behavior in its natural setting, without intervening or manipulating the situation. It does not necessarily require being conducted in rural areas and can be done anywhere that the behavior of interest occurs naturally.

Question 13

A procedure called back-translation used in cross-cultural surveys usually helps researchers to make sure that a translated version of a test (survey) is as close to the original as possible.

Accepted Answer

Back-translation is a widely used technique in cross-cultural research to ensure that a translated version of a test is as close to the original as possible. The procedure involves translating the test into the target language, then having another independent translator translate it back into the original language. The two versions are then compared to identify any discrepancies and ensure the translation accurately captures the intended meaning.

Question 14

If you created an experimental procedure to study the relationship between people's body weight and the way they are treated by their peers, the independent variable in your experiment would be ____________________.

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The answer of If you created an experimental procedure to...

Question 15

What is cultural response bias in surveys?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is cultural response bias in surveys?...

Quiz 3: Methodology of Cross-Cultural Research