Question 1

Skinner worked with special boxes and:

Accepted Answer

Skinner's experiments were primarily conducted using rats in his operant conditioning chamber, known as the Skinner box.

Question 2

The famous writer and scientist who made the concept of evolution well known was:

Accepted Answer

Charles Darwin is the famous writer and scientist who made the concept of evolution well known through his work on the theory of natural selection.

Question 3

Evolution doesn't explain why many people have fears of:

Accepted Answer

Fear of flying is not directly explained by evolution as it is a relatively modern mode of transportation, unlike fears of snakes or spiders which have been present throughout human evolution due to their potential danger.

Question 4

Evolution is the concept that life originated:

Accepted Answer

Evolution is the concept that life on Earth originated and has been developing for millions of years through processes like natural selection and genetic mutation. This timeline is supported by a vast amount of scientific evidence from various fields such as paleontology, molecular biology, and comparative anatomy.

Question 5

Evolution uses the concept that living organisms have changed significantly…

Accepted Answer

Evolution is a gradual process where changes in species occur over long periods, not suddenly from one generation to the next.

Question 6

Good genes are adaptive, meaning they help organisms adapt successfully to:

Accepted Answer

Good genes contribute to an organism's survival by enhancing its ability to adapt to its environment, thereby increasing its chances of living longer and reproducing.

Question 7

Organisms without the adaptive, good genes:

Accepted Answer

Organisms without adaptive, good genes are less likely to survive and reproduce, leading to their eventual die-out due to natural selection.

Question 8

Phenotype refers to the physical appearance of a trait, and genotype refers to the:

Accepted Answer

Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which determines its phenotype, or physical appearance.

Question 9

How many main approaches does Learning Theory have?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How many main approaches does Learning Theory...

Question 10

Pavlov worked with:

Accepted Answer

Pavlov is famous for his work on classical conditioning, which he discovered and studied using dogs.

Question 11

Pavlov's work identified which sort of learning?

Accepted Answer

Pavlov's work is most famously associated with classical conditioning, a type of learning that occurs through associations between an environmental stimulus and a naturally occurring stimulus.

Question 12

What did Thorndyke's work lead to?

Accepted Answer

Thorndike's work led to the formulation of the Law of Effect, which states that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences tend to be repeated, while those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.

Question 13

Thorndyke decided we learn by:

Accepted Answer

Thorndyke's theory, known as the Law of Effect, suggests that we learn through trial and error. This means that behaviors followed by satisfying consequences are more likely to be repeated, while those followed by unpleasant consequences are less likely to be repeated.

Question 14

The phenotype describes:

Accepted Answer

The phenotype refers to the observable characteristics or traits of an organism, such as its physical appearance, development, and behavior, which result from the interaction of its genotype (genetic makeup) with the environment.

Question 15

The genotype describes:

Accepted Answer

The genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, including its genes and alleles, which determine its inherited characteristics.

Question 16

A person's genes are not necessarily:

Accepted Answer

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence and are not necessarily present in a person's genes unless they occur.

Question 17

Learning by observation is called:

Accepted Answer

Social learning theory, proposed by Albert Bandura, emphasizes learning through observing the behaviors of others.

Question 18

Learning by observation can also be described as:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Learning by observation can also be described...

Question 19

Learning by observation requires imitation of a model if the observer thinks the model is:

Accepted Answer

Learning by observation often involves the imitation of models that the observer perceives as successful. This is because successful behaviors are seen as valuable and worth emulating.

Question 20

Being given a reward for a behaviour is called:

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement involves adding a desirable stimulus after a behavior to increase the likelihood of that behavior being repeated.

Quiz 4: Approaches to Psychology