Question 1

An athlete has been exploring a variety of healthy eating plans. Which of the following eating plans should this athlete avoid?

Accepted Answer

The DASH, Mediterranean, and vegetarian diets all provide a wide variety of nutrients through low-calorie, nutrient-dense food choices. Low-carbohydrate eating plans may not provide enough easy access to energy for athletes, and the high protein content, if not restricted to lean protein options, may provide too much fat.

Question 2

What is the premise of the social-ecological model outlined in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Accepted Answer

Coordinated partnerships and interventions should extend well beyond providing traditional education to individuals and families about healthy choices and should help build skills, reshape the environment, and reestablish social norms to facilitate individuals' healthy choices.

Question 3

An active mother of three who plays recreational tennis three days a week is looking for a resource with some specific recommendations for foods she should be eating and the appropriate amounts of each. Which of the following resources would provide her the information she wants?

Accepted Answer

MyFitnessPal is an example of a free online tool in which a person can input and keep track of food intake, portion sizes, and caloric intake.

Question 4

Why do nutrition labels use standardized serving sizes?

Accepted Answer

Standardized serving sizes make it easier for consumers to compare similar products.

Question 5

The ingredient list on a food label reads as follows: wheat flour, canola and/or olive oil, salt, whole wheat flour, sugar, rice flour, yeast, garlic powder, Romano cheese, parsley, onion powder, natural flavor, niacin, folic acid, reduced iron. Which item on the ingredient label contributes the most to the weight of the product?

Accepted Answer

An ingredient label is listed in descending order of the substance that contributes the most to the weight of the product.

Question 6

Which of the following absolutely indicates that a canned food is contaminated?

Accepted Answer

Although the other factors indicate that a canned food may have been exposed to a contaminant, a bulging can is a definite indicator that contamination of the food product has occurred.

Question 7

A commentary published in the Journal of the American Medical Association identified the "built environment" as one way that policy changes could improve nutrition and health. Which of the following best describes an application of this type of policy initiative?

Accepted Answer

As zoning and development are under the jurisdiction of local governments, individual community members and leaders must step up to help change from an environment that fosters poor diet and inactivity to one that fosters a healthy lifestyle and sense of community.

Question 8

What might be the purpose of taxing nondiet sodas and other sugary, nonnutritive beverages?

Accepted Answer

Imposing higher taxes on calorie-dense and nutrient-poor foods might lower consumption of unhealthy foods and generate revenue to subsidize healthful foods.

Question 9

A food product contains 15 g of carbohydrates (CHO), 5 g of protein (PRO), and 4 g of fat. How many calories are in one serving of this product?

Accepted Answer

(15 g CHO F1F1F1S1?F1F1F10 4 cal/g) + (5 g PRO F1F1F1S1?F1F1F10 4 cal/g) + (4 g fat F1F1F1S1?F1F1F10 9 cal/g) = 60 cal + 20 cal + 36 cal = 116 cal

Question 10

Consumption of which of the following foods or food components should be reduced based on recommendations found in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

All of the answers are part of the reductions noted in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines except for the recommendation of calories from saturated fat. For example, by switching from whole milk to 2%, a person can decrease their fat and saturated fat intake by 3 grams and 1.5 grams, respectively, for 8-ounces of milk. The guidelines state that you should consume no more than 10% of calories from fat.

Question 11

Which of the following actions are appropriate based on recommendations found in the 2015 Dietary Guidelines? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The 2015 Dietary Guidelines recommend that Americans eat more fruits and vegetables, especially dark green, red, and orange vegetables; consume at least half of all grains as whole grains; increase intake of fat-free or low-fat milk products; choose lean proteins, and especially try to increase the amount of seafood eaten; replace high-fat proteins with leaner proteins; use oil instead of solid fat; and try to consume more potassium, fiber, calcium, and vitamin D.

Question 12

Which factors are part of the social-ecological model approach to implementation of the Dietary Guidelines? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The social-ecological model takes into consideration individual factors such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and knowledge; environmental settings including homes, schools, workplaces, and other community venues; sectors of influence such as government, marketing and media, and industry; and social and cultural norms and values including belief systems, religion, lifestyle, and body image.

Question 13

According to the www.ChooseMyPlate.gov guidelines, which of the following recommendations should allied health professionals be emphasizing to the persons with whom they counsel? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The website www.ChooseMyPlate.gov makes numerous recommendations including those listed here, with the exception that trans and saturated fats should be minimized and fat-free, 1%, or soy milk should be consumed in place of full-fat dairy products.

Question 14

Which of the following potential allergens must be listed on a food label? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Legislation requires food manufacturers to list all potential food allergens on food packaging. The most common food allergens are fish, shellfish, soybeans, wheat, eggs, milk, peanuts, and tree nuts.

Question 15

Which three governmental agencies are responsible for regulating food safety? Select three.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, food safety oversight is divided primarily among three agencies: the USDA regulates meat, poultry, and eggs; the FDA oversees produce and seafood; and the CDC gather statistics to monitor the progression of outbreaks.

Question 16

Which of the following considerations should be taken by consumers when selecting foods in order to prevent acquiring a foodborne illness? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

All are excellent suggestions except B. Instead, products with the longest expiration date should be selected.

Question 17

On which of the following food products can a consumer expect to see a country-of-origin label? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

All beef, lamb, pork, fish, shellfish, perishable agricultural commodities including fresh and frozen fruits and vegetables, and peanuts and other nuts must be labeled with their country of origin.

Question 18

Which of the following would be considered policy strategy examples as outlined by a commentary in the Journal of the American Medical Association? Select all that apply

Accepted Answer

All of the options are examples of policy strategy, with the expectation of marking on whole-grain products, which would be a structure-function claim.

Question 19

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) closely regulates any nutrition or health claims placed on the front of a box or packaging by food manufacturers.

Accepted Answer

The FDA closely regulates these claims, which must meet strict criteria.

Question 20

The percent daily values listed on a nutrition label are based on individuals who are consuming _______ calories per day.

Accepted Answer

Nutrition labels are generalized to a person consuming 2,000 calories a day. Consumers must adjust based on their average caloric consumption.

Quiz 5: Dietary Guidelines, General Nutrition Recommendations, and Federal Nutrition Policy