Question 1

Average newborns will have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
A) They will be covered with vernix.
B) They will be 10 to 12 inches long.
C) They will weigh 5 ½ to 9 ½ pounds.
D) Their heads will often be misshapen.

Accepted Answer

The average length of newborns is typically around 18 to 22 inches, not 10 to 12 inches. Choices A, C, and D are common characteristics of newborns: vernix coverage, a weight range of 5 ½ to 9 ½ pounds, and often misshapen heads due to the birthing process.

Question 2

The thick, white, waxy substance that covers an infant at birth is called:
A) lanugo
B) afterbirth
C) placenta
D) vernix

Accepted Answer

Vernix is the correct answer because it is the thick, white, waxy substance that covers and protects an infant's skin while in the womb and is often still present at birth.

Question 3

When the skull "bones" become temporarily distorted to accommodate passage through the birth canal, it is called:
A) pinching
B) crowning
C) molding
D) melding

Accepted Answer

Molding is the term used to describe the temporary distortion of the skull bones of a baby to facilitate passage through the birth canal during childbirth.

Question 4

The assessment of infants at 1 minute and then again at 5 minutes after birth on the basis of heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and body color is called:
A) Apgar scoring system
B) Brazelton neonatal scale
C) neonatal assessment
D) infant response test

Accepted Answer

The Apgar scoring system is used to quickly summarize the health of newborn children against five criteria on a scale from zero to two, then summing up the five values thus obtained. The five criteria are heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and body color.

Question 5

Cynthia's baby scored a 4 on the Apgar scale. This indicates:
A) a genetic defect is present in Cynthia's newborn infant
B) no need for concern as this is a very common score
C) an above average score on this assessment measure
D) a need for prompt diagnosis and medical intervention

Accepted Answer

A score of 4 on the Apgar scale, which assesses a newborn's health immediately after birth, indicates a low score that suggests the baby may be having difficulty adapting outside the womb and requires prompt medical attention to address potential health issues.

Question 6

The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS), which is typically used from several hours to a week after birth, is attributed to:
A) Virginia Apgar
B) Frederick Leboyer
C) Benjamin Spock
D) T. Berry Brazelton

Accepted Answer

The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) is attributed to T. Berry Brazelton. It is a comprehensive examination used to observe neurological development, reflexes, and reactions to people and objects, among other behaviors in newborns.

Question 7

David and Marcia have just adopted a 6-year-old child. They expressed their concern about bonding with their new child to a psychologist. The psychologist responds that recent research indicates that:
A) children can only bond with their biological parents
B) bodily contact immediately after birth is the only way to create parental bonding
C) adoptive parents rarely form bonds with their children
D) adoptive parents can have just as strong bonds as natural parents

Accepted Answer

Recent research supports the idea that adoptive parents can form bonds with their children that are just as strong as those formed by biological parents. The ability to bond and form attachments is not limited to biological connections or immediate post-birth contact.

Question 8

Parent-infant bonding:
A) must occur immediately in order to take place at all
B) is not possible for women who have undergone caesarean deliveries
C) is a process of interaction that takes place over time
D) does not vary in kind across cultures

Accepted Answer

Parent-infant bonding is a dynamic process that develops over time through interactions between the parent and infant, rather than being an instantaneous or culturally uniform phenomenon.

Question 9

Couvade syndrome is:
A) when expectant fathers experience pregnancy symptoms
B) a lack of emotion in a father regarding the birth of a child
C) when a sibling feels ignored because of the birth of a child
D) the phenomenon of a mother's rejection of a fussy newborn

Accepted Answer

Couvade syndrome, also known as sympathetic pregnancy, is when expectant fathers experience pregnancy-related symptoms such as nausea, weight gain, and other physical pains or symptoms.

Question 10

According to research, the father's involvement in parenting:
A) is not as important as the mother's involvement
B) is equally as important as the mother's involvement
C) does not begin until the child reaches middle childhood
D) is identical to the way mothers parent their children

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that the father's involvement in parenting is equally as important as the mother's involvement, contributing significantly to the child's development and well-being.

Question 11

In general, all of the following are true EXCEPT:
A) Fathers engage in more rough-and-tumble play with their sons.
B) Mothers tend to be more verbal with their children.
C) Fathers help boys develop control over their aggression.
D) Fathers don't provide positive role models for their daughters.

Accepted Answer

Fathers do provide positive role models for their daughters, influencing their self-esteem, body image, and relationships with men. Choices A, B, and C reflect common findings in research on parental roles and child development.

Question 12

When the umbilical cord becomes squeezed or wrapped around the baby's neck during delivery, causing oxygen deprivation, it is called:
A) anoxia
B) hypoxia
C) oxidation
D) respiration

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the umbilical cord becomes squeezed or...

Question 13

Specialists who manage complicated high-risk pregnancies, birth, and post-birth experiences are:
A) gerontologists and gynecologists
B) perinatologists and neonatologists
C) nicutologists and obstetricians
D) bariologists and gynecologists

Accepted Answer

Perinatologists specialize in the care of the fetus and complicated, high-risk pregnancies, while neonatologists specialize in the care of newborns, particularly the ill or premature newborn.

Question 14

Cherise is a diabetic with high blood pressure and is expecting a child. Her doctor advises that the baby should be delivered surgically by making an incision in the abdomen to enter the uterus in order to remove the baby. This procedure is known as:
A) episiotomy
B) preeclampsia
C) cesarean section
D) breech birth

Accepted Answer

A cesarean section is a surgical procedure used to deliver a baby through incisions in the abdomen and uterus, often recommended for medical reasons such as diabetes and high blood pressure in the mother.

Question 15

A preterm infant is usually defined as:
A) having a gestational age of less than 37 weeks
B) having a gestational age of less than 32 weeks
C) having a gestational age of less than 27 weeks
D) having a gestational age of less than 39 weeks

Accepted Answer

A preterm infant is defined as one born before 37 weeks of gestation. This is the widely accepted definition in the medical community.

Question 16

A postmature infant is usually defined as:
A) weighing more than 10 pounds at birth
B) having a diagnosis of gestational diabetes at birth
C) born more than 2 weeks after the usual 40 weeks of gestation
D) being smaller than expected for the infant's actual gestational age

Accepted Answer

A postmature infant is defined as being born more than 2 weeks after the usual 40 weeks of gestation, which means after 42 weeks of pregnancy.

Question 17

All of the following are true about drug-exposed babies EXCEPT:
A) they are likely to be born preterm
B) they are likely to have low birth weight
C) they have smaller than normal heads
D) they are likely to be postmature

Accepted Answer

Drug-exposed babies are more likely to be born preterm, have low birth weight, and have smaller than normal heads, but they are not more likely to be postmature. In fact, drug exposure during pregnancy often leads to complications that result in premature birth rather than postmaturity.

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true?
A) A baby cannot contract HIV from breast milk.
B) Not every baby born to an HIV-positive mother will test positive for the virus immediately.
C) A baby cannot contract HIV during labor.
D) A baby can contract HIV during delivery.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true?
A)...

Question 19

Which statement about alcohol is NOT true?
A) Alcohol remains in the amniotic fluid longer than it does in the mother's system.
B) Drinking two drinks during early pregnancy will have no effect on the baby.
C) Binge drinking can kill the baby's developing brain cells.
D) Drinking alcohol during pregnancy can lead to a range of harmful effects.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption during early pregnancy, even in small amounts, can have harmful effects on the fetus, including the risk of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). There is no known safe amount of alcohol during pregnancy, and all forms of alcohol can be harmful.

Question 20

Which is true regarding infant mortality rates?
A) They are higher for women with less education.
B) They are higher for females.
C) They are not correlated with multiple births.
D) They are not affected by whether or not the woman smokes during pregnancy.

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rates are higher for women with less education due to factors such as limited access to healthcare, lower socioeconomic status, and potentially less knowledge about prenatal care and infant health practices.

Quiz 4: Birth and Physical Development: The First Two Years Birth

Average newborns will have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:

The thick, white, waxy substance that covers an infant at birth is called:

When the skull "bones" become temporarily distorted to accommodate passage through the birth canal, it is called:

The assessment of infants at 1 minute and then again at 5 minutes after birth on the basis of heart rate, respiratory effort, muscle tone, reflex irritability, and body color is called:

Cynthia's baby scored a 4 on the Apgar scale. This indicates:

The Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale (NBAS) , which is typically used from several hours to a week after birth, is attributed to:

David and Marcia have just adopted a 6-year-old child. They expressed their concern about bonding with their new child to a psychologist. The psychologist responds that recent research indicates that:

Parent-infant bonding:

Couvade syndrome is:

According to research, the father's involvement in parenting:

In general, all of the following are true EXCEPT:

When the umbilical cord becomes squeezed or wrapped around the baby's neck during delivery, causing oxygen deprivation, it is called:

Specialists who manage complicated high-risk pregnancies, birth, and post-birth experiences are:

Cherise is a diabetic with high blood pressure and is expecting a child. Her doctor advises that the baby should be delivered surgically by making an incision in the abdomen to enter the uterus in order to remove the baby. This procedure is known as:

A preterm infant is usually defined as:

A postmature infant is usually defined as:

All of the following are true about drug-exposed babies EXCEPT:

Which of the following statements is true?

Which statement about alcohol is NOT true?

Which is true regarding infant mortality rates?