Question 1

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role:
-Adhesion, arrest, transmigration (all leukocytes)
A) ICAM-1
B) P-selectin
C) E-selectin
D) VCAM-1
E) GlyCam-1
F) CD31 (PECAM)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule)...

Question 2

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role:
-Lymphocyte homing to high endothelial venules
A) ICAM-1
B) P-selectin
C) E-selectin
D) VCAM-1
E) GlyCam-1
F) CD31 (PECAM)

Accepted Answer

GlyCam-1 is involved in lymphocyte homing to high endothelial venules by interacting with L-selectin on lymphocytes.

Question 3

Mediators such as histamine, thrombin, and platelet activating factor (PAF) stimulate the redistribution of which of the following from its normal intracellular stores in granules (Weibel-Palade bodies) to the cell surface?
A) P-selectin
B) E-selectin
C) ICAM-1
D) VCAM-1
E) CD31

Accepted Answer

P-selectin is stored in Weibel-Palade bodies and is rapidly translocated to the cell surface upon stimulation by mediators like histamine, thrombin, and PAF.

Question 4

Cytokine activation of endothelium (with neutrophils) involves which of the following?
A) IL-1 and IL-2
B) IL-3
C) IL-4 and IL-5
D) TH-1 cells and TH-2 cells
E) IL-1 and TNF

Accepted Answer

IL-1 and TNF are cytokines that play a crucial role in the activation of endothelial cells, leading to the expression of adhesion molecules that facilitate the attachment and migration of neutrophils to sites of inflammation.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a general principle of the chemical mediators of
Inﬂammation?
A) Mediators originate either from plasma or from cells
B) The production of active mediators is triggered by microbial products or by host proteins
C) Most mediators perform their biologic activity by initially binding to specific receptors on target cells
D) One mediator can stimulate the release of other mediators by target cells themselves
E) Mediators can act on one or few target cell types
F) Once activated and released from the cell, most of these mediators last a long
Time (long-lived)
G) Most mediators have the potential to cause harmful effects

Accepted Answer

Most chemical mediators of inflammation are short-lived, as they are quickly inactivated or degraded to limit their effects and prevent excessive tissue damage.

Question 6

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Mast cells, platelets +-
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E4
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

Histamine and serotonin are released from mast cells and platelets, and they primarily cause vascular leakage.

Question 7

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Plasma substrate +-, pain
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E5
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 8

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Plasma protein via liver + -, opsonic fragment
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E6
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 9

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Macrophages ++ , leukocyte adhesion
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E7
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 10

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Mast, phospholipids other -, vasodilation, pain, fever
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E8
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 11

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes -+ , leukocyte adhesion
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E9
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 12

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes, mast cells + -, bronchoconstrict, vasoconstrict
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E10
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 13

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes +-, endothelial damage, tissue damage
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E11
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 14

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes, mast cells + +, broncoconstrict, leukocyte prime
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E12
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is produced by leukocytes and mast cells, causes vascular leakage, bronchoconstriction, and primes leukocytes.

Question 15

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Macrophages, other -+ , acute-phase reactions
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E13
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

IL-1 and TNF are produced by macrophages and other cells, and they are involved in acute-phase reactions.

Question 16

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Leukocytes, others -+ , leukocyte activation
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E14
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the mediator or acute inflammation with...

Question 17

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other
-Macrophages, endoth. + +, vasodilation, cytotoxicity
A) Histamine, serotonin
B) Leukotrienes C4, D4, E15
C) Nitric oxide
D) Chemokines
E) IL-1, TNF
F) Bradykinin
G) PAF
H) C3a
I) C5a
J) Leukotriene B4
K) O2 metabolites
L) Prostaglandins

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide is produced by macrophages and endothelial cells, causes vasodilation, and has cytotoxic effects.

Question 18

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from what amino acid by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) ?
A) Alanine
B) Arginine
C) Asparagine
D) Lysine
E) Tryptophan

Accepted Answer

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from the amino acid arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS).

Question 19

NO causes vasodilation by what mechanism?
A) Constriction of smooth muscle
B) Relaxation of smooth muscle
C) Constriction of striated muscle
D) Relaxation of striated muscle

Accepted Answer

NO causes vasodilation by relaxing smooth muscle in the walls of blood vessels.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true regarding NO?
A) NO acts on target cells through induction of GMP
B) NO reduces platelet adhesion
C) NO reduces leukocyte adhesion
D) NO promotes leukocyte rolling
E) NO decreases inﬂammation

Accepted Answer

NO does not promote leukocyte rolling; instead, it reduces leukocyte adhesion and rolling, thus decreasing inflammation.

Quiz 1: Pathology

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role: -Adhesion, arrest, transmigration (all leukocytes)

Match the endothelial molecule (leukocyte adhesion molecule) with its major role: -Lymphocyte homing to high endothelial venules

Mediators such as histamine, thrombin, and platelet activating factor (PAF) stimulate the redistribution of which of the following from its normal intracellular stores in granules (Weibel-Palade bodies) to the cell surface?

Cytokine activation of endothelium (with neutrophils) involves which of the following?

Which of the following is NOT a general principle of the chemical mediators of Inﬂammation?

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Mast cells, platelets +-

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Plasma substrate +-, pain

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Plasma protein via liver + -, opsonic fragment

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Macrophages ++ , leukocyte adhesion

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Mast, phospholipids other -, vasodilation, pain, fever

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes -+ , leukocyte adhesion

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes, mast cells + -, bronchoconstrict, vasoconstrict

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes +-, endothelial damage, tissue damage

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes, mast cells + +, broncoconstrict, leukocyte prime

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Macrophages, other -+ , acute-phase reactions

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Leukocytes, others -+ , leukocyte activation

Match the mediator or acute inflammation with the source and action: Source Vascular Leakage Chemotaxis & Other -Macrophages, endoth. + +, vasodilation, cytotoxicity

Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized from what amino acid by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS) ?

NO causes vasodilation by what mechanism?

Which of the following is NOT true regarding NO?