Question 1

Because of its association with 'Americanness', the internet is regarded in many countries as:

Accepted Answer

The phrase "Americanness" implies a cultural and economic influence from the United States. Materialism is often associated with American culture, and therefore the internet's association with Americanness may lead to it being viewed as promoting materialism in other countries. None of the other options have a clear connection to the concept of "Americanness."

Question 2

In terms of the impact of culture on international marketing, which of the following statements is NOT correct?

Accepted Answer

Cultural sensitivity should be viewed objectively, not subjectively, to effectively understand and respect the differences in international marketing contexts.

Question 3

Where differences between countries relate more to business values than to business practices, they are viewed as operating at the ________ level of culture.

Accepted Answer

Differences between countries in business values are rooted in their national culture, such as beliefs, values, and social norms. Differences in business practices, on the other hand, are more related to the company or industry level. Therefore, the correct choice is national culture (C).

Question 4

In a predominantly secular world, the symbolic and sacred elements that form a link between the material and the metaphysical play a(an) ________ role is international marketing.

Accepted Answer

The symbolic and sacred elements that connect the material and metaphysical are significant in international marketing as they can impact the success of marketing campaigns and brand image. Understanding and respecting the cultural beliefs and values of the target market can create trust and a positive connection with consumers.

Question 5

Interpretative knowledge of a nation's culture is based on feelings and intuition and is often influenced by past events.

Accepted Answer

Interpretative knowledge of a nation's culture is often based on subjective feelings and intuition, which can be influenced by past events and experiences. It is not always based on objective facts or data.

Question 6

Overall, Asian customers are less likely to be brand loyal to products than Australians.

Accepted Answer

Brand loyalty varies significantly among individuals and is influenced by various factors such as cultural values, marketing strategies, and personal preferences, rather than being inherently tied to a specific geographic or ethnic group.

Question 7

Collectivism plays a greater role in decision making in Western countries compared with Asian countries.

Accepted Answer

This statement is not accurate. Collectivism is generally viewed as playing a greater role in decision making in Asian countries compared with Western countries. In collectivist cultures, the needs and opinions of the group are prioritized over individual needs and opinions, which leads to a more collaborative decision-making approach. Western countries tend to be more individualistic in their decision-making approach, where individual needs and opinions hold greater importance.

Question 8

The same religion might have a different impact on business practices and customs in different countries.

Accepted Answer

This is true because cultural and socioeconomic factors can influence how religious beliefs are applied in the business world, and these factors can vary from country to country. For example, Islamic banking practices in Saudi Arabia might be different than Islamic banking practices in Malaysia due to differences in culture and regulation.

Question 9

Symbolic meaning in other cultures can be interpreted through a variety of aesthetic values. Which of the following would NOT have a role to play in determining the marketing appeal of a product?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed can potentially have a role in determining the marketing appeal of a product, as they represent important aspects of other cultures and their symbolic meanings. Therefore, none of the above is the incorrect answer.

Question 10

For working in an export business with companies based overseas, culture is an important factor that can impact on methods used. Which of the following groups can be considered as having a cultural identity?

Accepted Answer

All the groups mentioned have distinct cultural identities. Citizens of Melbourne have a unique Australian culture, Australian Aborigines have a rich indigenous culture, and New Zealand Maoris have a unique indigenous culture as well.

Question 11

Rituals are collective activities that are NOT an essential element of the social activities within a culture.

Accepted Answer

Rituals are considered an essential element of the social activities within a culture as they play a significant role in reinforcing social norms, values, and beliefs. Rituals are an important way of expressing cultural identity and bringing communities together, and as such, they are often seen as essential to social cohesion and group solidarity.

Question 12

Interpretative knowledge of another culture is based on:

Accepted Answer

Interpretive knowledge of another culture goes beyond straightforward, factual knowledge and draws from past experiences and a deeper understanding of feelings and intuition. Therefore, options A and C (past experiences and feelings/intuition) are the most applicable in this situation.

Question 13

The different layers of culture have been identified as global culture, national culture, organisational culture and group culture. Which of these is the most important element for the international marketer?

Accepted Answer

All layers of culture are crucial for an international marketer as they influence consumer behavior, preferences, and decision-making processes across different levels, from global trends to specific group dynamics. Understanding the interplay between these layers helps in crafting effective marketing strategies.

Question 14

Global brands are viewed the same way by consumers in all cultures.

Accepted Answer

Global brands may have different meanings and perceptions in different cultures. Cultural differences and local preferences can impact how global brands are perceived by consumers. For example, a popular fast-food chain may be viewed positively in one culture, but as unhealthy and undesirable in another. Additionally, some global brands may need to adapt their marketing strategies or product offerings to better fit local cultures in order to be successful.

Question 15

Which of the following are commonly identified characteristics that help to define the meaning of culture?

Accepted Answer

All of the given characteristics (A, B, and C) are commonly identified as defining elements of culture. Culture is dynamic in that it can evolve and change over time based on shifts in behavior or societal norms. It is also learned rather than innate, as individuals acquire the beliefs, practices, and values of their culture through socialization and exposure. Finally, culture serves to establish shared expectations and standards for behavior within a community, defining what is deemed acceptable or appropriate.

Question 16

Ethnocentric organisations are characterised by the belief that:

Accepted Answer

Ethnocentric organizations believe that their own national or cultural group is superior to others, and this belief can be reflected in their business practices and decision-making. This can lead to a lack of sensitivity or understanding towards other cultures, potentially causing problems in international business dealings.

Question 17

Personal or individual level culture can be influenced by:

Accepted Answer

Personal or individual level culture is shaped by a complex interplay of various factors. An individual's genetic make-up can influence their personality traits and cognitive abilities, which in turn shape their cultural values and beliefs. Moreover, membership of various social, cultural, religious or political groups can also shape an individual's worldview and cultural practices. Finally, a person's experiences, such as their upbringing, education, exposure to different cultures, and life events, can also shape their personal cultural identity. Therefore, all of the above factors can influence an individual's personal or individual level culture.

Question 18

Which of the following appear to be the two broad dimensions of culture?

Accepted Answer

Culture is primarily defined as a set of learned behaviors, beliefs, values, and customs that are shared among a group of people. These are the shared dimensions of culture. Material culture, which includes physical objects and artifacts, is also a component of culture, but it is a subset of the broader concept of culture. Therefore, option C (learned and shared) is the best choice.

Question 19

In language, culture determines the meaning attributable to words.

Accepted Answer

Culture plays a significant role in determining the meanings of words in a language. Words can have different connotations or associations depending on the cultural context in which they are used. Therefore, language and culture are closely intertwined and influence each other.

Question 20

Culture is the glue that binds groups together. Name four common characteristics of its many definitions. Which of these might give international marketers the most trouble?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Culture is the glue that binds groups...

Quiz 4: Catering for the Social and Cultural Environment of International Marketing