Question 1

Sabrina has thought about entering the field of medicine for several years.She went through a period of crisis before settling on this occupation.According to Marcia,what is her identity status?

Accepted Answer

Sabrina has gone through a period of crisis and has made a decision about her occupation, which aligns with Marcia's definition of identity achievement. This status involves exploring different options and making a commitment.

Question 2

According to Erikson,cliquishness and intolerance of differences in adolescence are

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, adolescence is a stage where individuals are trying to establish their own unique identity. Therefore, cliquishness and intolerance of differences can be seen as defenses against identity confusion. Adolescents may feel more comfortable being around those who are similar to them as it can give them a sense of belonging and help them form their identity.

Question 3

Identity includes

Accepted Answer

Identity involves a coherent conception of the self, which includes one's goals, values, and beliefs. Therefore, all of the given options are necessary components of identity.

Question 4

Recent research has indicated that gender differences in identity formation of adolescence

Accepted Answer

Recent research has shown that individual differences may have a stronger influence on identity formation in adolescence than gender differences.

Question 5

Erikson holds that adolescence provides a psychosocial moratorium,or "time out" period,which

Accepted Answer

Erikson's theory suggests that adolescence is a period for identity exploration, where individuals have the opportunity to search for their personal identity and commitments in terms of values, beliefs, and goals without having to settle on a permanent role or identity, which aligns with choice B.

Question 6

Ashley that abortion is wrong because her parents,friends,and church say so.She has never really thought about the issue but has simply accepted this view as her own.According to Marcia,what is her identity status?

Accepted Answer

Ashley has adopted her identity based on the beliefs and values of others, without considering or exploring her own thoughts and feelings on the matter. This aligns with the foreclosure identity status, where individuals accept an identity without exploration or consideration of alternatives.

Question 7

Mark has not seriously considered his options and has avoided making commitments.What is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Mark's behavior indicates a lack of exploration and avoidance of commitment, which is characteristic of identity diffusion.

Question 8

The desirable outcome of the crisis of adolescence,according to Erikson,is being able to

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, the desirable outcome of the crisis of adolescence is the development of a sense of identity, which includes seeing oneself as a unique individual with a meaningful role in life. This involves exploring different roles, values, and beliefs and ultimately choosing a sense of identity that is authentic and fulfilling. While completing tasks, getting along with others, and forming intimate relationships are all important aspects of adolescence, they are not the ultimate goal of this developmental stage.

Question 9

About _______ of late adolescents remain in foreclosure or diffusion identity statuses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of About _______ of late adolescents remain in...

Question 10

According to Marcia's model,adolescents who experience crisis with no commitment are in the ___________ status of identity development.

Accepted Answer

Moratorium status is characterized by exploration without having made a commitment, which aligns with experiencing crisis without commitment.

Question 11

According to James Marcia,which identity status is characterized by both crisis and commitment?

Accepted Answer

According to James Marcia's theory of identity development, identity achievement is the status where an individual has undergone a crisis and has made a commitment to a self-chosen identity. This is considered the most mature stage of identity development as it involves actively exploring different options before deciding on a sense of self. The other options listed do not involve a commitment to a particular identity or experiencing a crisis in order to reach a resolution.

Question 12

According to Erikson's theory,the virtue that arises from resolution of the identity crisis in adolescence is

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory, the virtue that arises from resolution of the identity crisis in adolescence is fidelity, which refers to the ability to commit oneself to others on the basis of accepting their values and beliefs, even when they are different from one's own.

Question 13

Betty is 18 years old.For the past five years she has been very committed to working with a group of her friends as a volunteer at a local hospital.She has also diligently studied the piano during this time.According to Erikson,Betty is developing the virtue of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson, during the stage of identity vs. role confusion (which typically occurs during adolescence), individuals develop a sense of fidelity or the ability to see tasks through to completion and maintain loyalty to others. Betty's commitment to volunteering at the hospital and her diligent study of the piano suggest that she is developing the virtue of fidelity.

Question 14

James Marcia refers to a period of conscious decision making as a

Accepted Answer

James Marcia refers to a period of conscious decision making as a crisis.

Question 15

Kendrick thinks he wants to be an engineer but is not sure and is agonizing over the decision.Meanwhile,he is trying to get information about several other careers.According to Marcia,what is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Kendrick is currently in a state of moratorium, as he is actively exploring different career options and questioning his potential career path as an engineer. He has not yet made a commitment to a specific career identity.

Question 16

Diane is 13 years old and is pondering her own talents,interests,and needs,as well as her place in society.According to Erikson,this struggle represents the crisis of

Accepted Answer

According to Erikson's theory of psychosocial development, the stage that describes Diane's struggle is identity versus identity confusion. This stage occurs during adolescence and is marked by the exploration of values, beliefs, and goals. Adolescents are trying to establish their personal identity and understand their place in society, which includes understanding their own talents, interests, and needs. The other options (A, B, and D) are other stages in Erikson's theory but do not fit the description of Diane's situation.

Question 17

James Marcia identifies four identity states or statuses,according to the presence or absence of

Accepted Answer

James Marcia's four identity states or statuses are based on the presence or absence of two factors: crisis and commitment. The four identity statuses are identity diffusion (no crisis or commitment), identity foreclosure (commitment without a crisis), identity moratorium (crisis without commitment), and identity achievement (crisis followed by commitment). Therefore, option A is the correct answer as it reflects the two factors that Marcia used to categorize the four identity states.

Question 18

According to Erikson,adolescents are in the crisis of

Accepted Answer

Erikson believed that during adolescence, individuals go through the stage of identity versus identity confusion, where they struggle to form a sense of identity and establish a stable sense of self. This crisis involves exploring different roles, values, and beliefs, and finding a place in society.

Question 19

As a child,it is important to learn to trust one's parents;in adolescence a person learns fidelity,which is often defined as

Accepted Answer

Fidelity is defined as faithfulness or loyalty to a person or cause. In adolescence, a person learns to extend trust beyond just their parents to include themselves, family, mentors, and friends. Choice A refers to loyalty to friends only, which is too narrow of a definition for fidelity. Choice C refers to guarding other people's secrets, which is not directly related to fidelity. Choice D refers to finding a partner to share one's private thoughts with, which is more related to intimacy rather than fidelity.

Question 20

Danny does not know what he wants to do after high school and does not appear to worry about it.According to Marcia,what is his identity status?

Accepted Answer

Danny's lack of concern and uncertainty about his future suggests he is in a state of identity diffusion, where he lacks both exploration and commitment to a clear identity.

Quiz 12: Psychosocial Development in Adolescence