Question 1

Dolores is learning English.She would like to say that it is almost time to go home.Instead,she says,"Time it is almost go home." The property of language that Dolores has not mastered is the English language's

Accepted Answer

Dolores has not mastered the regular structure of English, which includes correct word order and grammar. Her sentence is not in the correct order, and the verb tense is incorrect. Additionally, she has not used the correct preposition before "go home."

Question 2

This area of study focuses on the particular phonemes of a language

Accepted Answer

Phonemics is the study of the specific phonemes (the smallest units of sound that can change the meaning of a word) of a language, including their distribution and how they function in different contexts. Discourse is the study of larger segments of language, such as conversations and texts. Phonetics is the study of the physical properties of speech sounds, including their production, transmission, and perception. Allophones are variations of a phoneme that do not change the meaning of a word, such as the different pronunciations of the "t" sound in "stop" and "pat."

Question 3

__________ refers to the ability to produce written and spoken linguistic output,such as words,sentences,and paragraphs.

Accepted Answer

Verbal fluency is the ability to produce spoken or written language output, which includes the ability to generate words, sentences, and paragraphs. Encoding refers to the process of turning sensory input into meaningful information, while decoding refers to the opposite process of turning meaningful information into sensory input. Verbal comprehension refers to the ability to understand spoken or written language input.

Question 4

On a planet where cows are called zoht!,the inhabitants use the name "zoht!" any time they refer to cows.A psycholinguist would argue on the basis of this fact that the aliens' language is

Accepted Answer

The fact that the aliens use the arbitrary symbol "zoht!" to refer to cows suggests that their language is arbitrarily symbolic, meaning that there is no inherent connection between the symbol (word) and the thing it represents.

Question 5

Which of the following areas of study have contributed to our understanding of language?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following areas of study...

Question 6

This notion suggests that one important principle for word meaning is that different symbols are important in a system in which different words have different meaning.

Accepted Answer

The Principle of Contrast states that differences in word forms signal differences in meaning, emphasizing the importance of distinct symbols or words in a language system to convey different meanings.

Question 7

With technology,new words are developed in order to describe new concepts or products (e.g. ,television,laser,microchips).The coining of new words and phrases refers to language's

Accepted Answer

The coining of new words and phrases indicates the dynamic quality of language, as it is constantly evolving to keep up with new concepts and innovations.

Question 8

This is the smallest unit of speech sound that can be used to distinguish one meaningful utterance from another in a given language.

Accepted Answer

A phoneme is the smallest unit of sound in a language that can be used to distinguish one word from another. For example, the difference between the words 'pat' and 'bat' is the phoneme /p/ and /b/ respectively. Morphemes are units of meaning and can be made up of one or more phonemes. A percept is a unit of perceptual experience and a phone is any distinct speech sound, including allophones (variations of a phoneme that do not change the meaning of a word).

Question 9

The basic idea in the sentence "The girl walked the dog" is fundamentally the same as that in "The dog was walked by the girl." This description illustrates language's

Accepted Answer

The sentences demonstrate multiplicity of structure, meaning the same idea can be expressed in different syntactic forms without changing the fundamental meaning.

Question 10

Symbols that resemble their referents in some way and are not arbitrarily symbolic are termed

Accepted Answer

Icons are symbols that resemble their referents in some way and are not arbitrarily symbolic. Words, phonemes, and morphemes are arbitrary symbols that do not resemble their referents.

Question 11

This notion suggests that one important principle for word meaning is that the understanding of arbitrary symbols is based on the traditional or customary use of symbols to stand for particular concepts.

Accepted Answer

The Principle of Conventionality states that the understanding of word meaning is based on the traditional or customary use of symbols to stand for particular concepts. This means that the meaning of a word is arbitrary and can vary depending on the cultural or linguistic context in which it is used. This principle emphasizes the importance of understanding language as a socially constructed system rather than simply a set of individual words with fixed meanings.

Question 12

This property of language coveys the notion that we are able to exchange thoughts and feelings with others.

Accepted Answer

The property described in the question is communicative, which means that language allows us to convey our ideas, thoughts, and feelings to others through speech, writing, or some other medium of communication. Language has various functions, including sending and receiving messages, and it is the basis for all human interaction. While the other properties of language - arbitrarily symbolic, structured at multiple levels, and generative - are important aspects of language, they do not specifically address the ability of language to facilitate communication.

Question 13

The __________ is the smallest distinguishable unit of all possible human speech sounds.

Accepted Answer

A "phone" is the smallest distinguishable unit of sound in human speech, representing any distinct speech sound or gesture, regardless of whether it is a phoneme in a language.

Question 14

The main properties of language are

Accepted Answer

Language is regularly structured (grammar, syntax), productive (allows for the creation of new sentences), and dynamic (evolves over time).

Question 15

Jimmy is two years old and he calls all cats "foffy," such that if you hear him say "Foffy pretty," you know that he is referring to a cat.Which of the properties of language does this description illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This illustrates the arbitrary nature of language in which there is no inherent connection between the sound/word and the object or concept it represents. In this case, "foffy" is an arbitrary symbol used by Jimmy to refer to cats.

Question 16

Timmy said,"My name is Timmy Bogokowsy and I live on the corner of Phillis and Emerson Roads." It is very likely that Timmy is the first human being in history to have uttered this sentence.This description illustrates language's

Accepted Answer

The sentence uttered by Timmy is an example of language's generative property, which refers to its ability to generate new and unique utterances. Timmy's sentence has likely never been spoken before and is a novel combination of words that convey a specific meaning. The other options do not fully capture the nature of Timmy's sentence. While it does have a regular structure and arbitrary symbolic reference, these characteristics are not as relevant to the unique nature of the sentence itself. Additionally, while the sentence may have a communicative property, this is not the primary reason why Timmy's sentence is significant.

Question 17

This term refers to the ability to take our thoughts and transform them in to linguist output.

Accepted Answer

Encoding refers to the process of transforming our thoughts, ideas, and mental representations into linguistic or communicative output, such as spoken or written language. This is an important aspect of language production and is necessary for effective communication. Decoding, on the other hand, refers to the process of interpreting or understanding linguistic input, such as speech or written language. The principle of differential meaning refers to the fact that different languages and cultures may have different meanings and interpretations for the same linguistic forms or expressions. The linguistic input/output theory is a broader framework that encompasses both encoding and decoding processes in language use.

Question 18

An important characteristic of language is that it is __________,that is,language constantly evolves.

Accepted Answer

Language is dynamic, as it is constantly evolving and changing. New words, phrases, and grammar rules are added to a language over time, and language adapts to changes in culture, technology, and society. For example, the English language has evolved significantly over the centuries, and the language spoken today is different from the language spoken several hundred years ago. The dynamic nature of language is one of the reasons why it is such a fascinating area of study.

Question 19

The __________ is the smallest unit of speech sound that may be distinguished from other speech sounds and which may or may not make a meaningful difference in a given language.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The __________ is the smallest unit of...

Question 20

Vincent often has a difficult time with comprehending either written or spoke information (no physical limitations to her senses).Vincent appears to have poor _____.

Accepted Answer

Poor comprehension of written or spoken information is an indication of a deficit in verbal comprehension skills. Choice A does not apply as there is no indication of expressive language deficits. Choice B refers specifically to difficulties in sound recognition, which may not be relevant here. Choice C, adaptive language skills, does not adequately capture the specific nature of Vincent's difficulty.

Quiz 9: Language