Question 1

Imagine that the maximum number of words we could remember (vocabulary size)was reduced by half.How would this change our usage of language? What might we do to compensate for a smaller vocabulary?

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Question 2

Explain deep structure and surface structure.

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Question 3

Describe the principles of conventionality and contrast in relation to word meaning.How might these principles limit what words should be added to or included in a language?

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Question 4

Explain how language and communication differ.Give an example of communication that does not involve language.

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Question 5

Think of music as a language.State which of the six major properties that characterize language addressed in your text may apply to the language of music and tell why.

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Question 6

You have been asked to proofread a paper for a friend.Based on your understanding of how syntactical priming,vocabulary size,and inference affect reading,what suggestions could you make to help your friend improve his paper?

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Question 7

What is a phoneme?

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Question 8

Describe the general procedure used in a lexical decision task.

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Question 9

After a severe head injury,Mark has limited working memory capacity.How would this affect his reading comprehension? What strategies could Mark use to make up for his diminished working memory capacity?

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Question 10

Several theories have been proposed to explain how written words are recognized.One of the most prominent theories-interactive-activation model-suggests that the meanings of words are accessed via three levels of processing: features,letters,and words.Describe another way written words might be recognized.

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Question 11

An expensive sign outside a local restaurant is missing one of its letters and the owners cannot decide whether or not it needs replacing.Based on your understanding of word recognition,provide an argument for replacing the sign and an argument against replacing the sign.

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Question 12

L'Académie française,or French Academy,is charged with publishing the official dictionary for the French language.If you were a member of the academy,how could you use the six properties of language to guide your decision to admit new words to the language?

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Question 13

You are in charge of creating a new board game that focuses on language use.First,you must pick one of the following language concepts: speech segmentation,phonemic-restoration effect,categorical perception of speech,word-superiority effect,or inference.Then describe how a game could be made based on that concept.

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Question 14

Explain the word superiority effect in the context of bottom-up and top-down processing.What is the relevance of this effect for reading?

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Question 15

Explain semantics and grammar and how they are similar and dissimilar.

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Question 16

You want to tell your friend a story,but your only form of communication is text messaging.Because of this,the number of characters (letters,numbers,symbols,or spaces)you can use to tell your story are severely limited.Based on what you have learned about reading comprehension,how might you be able to convey your message in a condensed form and still allow your friend understand it?

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Question 17

Describe how speed of lexical access is related to verbal ability.

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Question 18

You are having difficulty understanding what your statistics professor is saying during class.Although the professor has a thick accent,she speaks perfect English.Knowing what you do about speech perception,what might you do to increase your ability to understand what she is saying?

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Question 19

Explain how the various theories of speech perception account for language comprehension.What are the main differences and similarities?

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Quiz 9: Language