Question 1

Gantt charts were revolutionary in the era of seat-of-the-pants management because of the detailed planning information they provided.

Accepted Answer

Gantt charts provided detailed information on the tasks, their timelines, and dependencies, which helped in better planning and management of projects. They were a significant improvement over the earlier methods of management which relied on guesswork and last-minute adjustments.

Question 2

A systems approach to management encourages managers to view each division as a separate,vital entity.

Accepted Answer

A systems approach to management encourages managers to view each division as interconnected and interdependent, rather than separate and independent entities. It emphasizes the need for a holistic perspective and understanding of how all parts of the organization work together to achieve overall goals.

Question 3

For most of recorded history,information has been costly,difficult to obtain,and slow to spread.

Accepted Answer

This statement is accurate. Before the invention of modern technology (such as the printing press and the internet), information had to be hand-copied or transmitted through word of mouth or travel, making it expensive, time-consuming, and often limited in availability.

Question 4

Which of the following was al-Farabi's significant contribution to management thought and practice? 
A) ​Job descriptions 
B) ​Leadership traits 
C) ​Organizational structures 
D) ​Human relations

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following was al-Farabi's significant...

Question 5

One of the first technologies to truly revolutionize the business use of information was a stone tablet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the first technologies to truly...

Question 6

One of the objectives of the motion study conducted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth was to: 
A) ​extend the duration of time required to complete a task. 
B) ​increase the number of motions required to complete a task. 
C) ​foster soldiering among workers. 
D) ​improve the productivity of workers.

Accepted Answer

The objective of the motion study conducted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth was to improve the productivity of workers. They aimed to find ways to reduce the number of motions required to complete a task and to eliminate any unnecessary motions that may have been slowing down the process. This would ultimately result in increased efficiency and productivity for the workers.

Question 7

How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations? 
A) ​Jobs were performed in fields, homes, or small shops. 
B) ​Managers realized the importance of customer relations. 
C) ​Unskilled laborers running machines began to replace high-paid, skilled artisans. 
D) ​Cottage laborers worked with each other out of small homes that were often built in a semicircle and did not need management.

Accepted Answer

The introduction of machines meant that unskilled workers could operate them, leading to the displacement of skilled artisans who were no longer in demand.

Answer: A 
 Prior to the Industrial Revolution, jobs were often performed in fields, homes, or small shops. However, with the advent of factories and mass production, work became more centralized in larger organizations.

Answer: B and D are incorrect. 
 While both customer relations and cottage industry were present during the Industrial Revolution, they were not significant enough changes to be considered the primary ways in which jobs and organizations were transformed.

Question 8

For most of humankind's history,people have commuted to and from their place of work.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For most of humankind's history,people have commuted...

Question 9

Which of the following is an element of bureaucratic organizations? 
A) ​Tasks, responsibilities, and authority are not divided clearly. 
B) ​Promotion within a company is based on who one knows. 
C) ​The owners of an organization manage or supervise the organization. 
D) ​Employees are hired on the basis of their technical training.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucratic organizations typically hire employees based on their technical skills and training. This ensures that the most qualified individuals are chosen for the job, rather than it being based on personal connections or familiarity with other employees. Tasks, responsibilities, and authority are also usually clearly defined in a bureaucratic organization. Ownership and management are typically separate from the day-to-day operations and are handled by higher-level officials.

Question 10

The Gilbreths used motion picture films to analyze jobs.

Accepted Answer

The Gilbreths, a husband and wife team who were pioneers in the field of motion study, used motion picture films to analyze jobs and identify potential areas for improvement. Their approach, which involved breaking down each job into its component parts and analyzing each movement in detail, revolutionized the way that work was organized and performed in many industries. The Gilbreths are considered to be some of the most influential figures in the history of industrial engineering and management, and their ideas continue to be studied and applied today.

Question 11

Nearly all organizations should be viewed as open systems that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival.

Accepted Answer

An open system is defined as one that interacts with its environment and depends on it for survival. Therefore, nearly all organizations should be viewed as open systems.

Question 12

One of the most commonly used operations management tool is cognitive mapping,which is used to better understand the psychology of the workers in an organization.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive mapping is not primarily an operations management tool; it is more related to understanding and visualizing complex relationships and systems, not specifically the psychology of workers.

Question 13

A Gantt chart indicates informal communication paths.

Accepted Answer

A Gantt chart is a visual representation of a project schedule, including planned tasks, milestones, and deadlines. It does not indicate communication paths, formal or informal.

Question 14

Which of the following statements is true about bureaucracy? 
A) ​It is based on the belief that management can be taught to others. 
B) ​It allows political connections to determine an individual's power base within organizations. 
C) ​It allows people to lead by virtue of their rational-legal authority. 
D) ​It relies on scheduled, periodic corrective actions to operate efficiently.

Accepted Answer

Bureaucracy allows people to lead by virtue of their rational-legal authority, which is based on the legitimacy of their position or expertise rather than personal characteristics or political connections. A is incorrect because bureaucracy is based on a set of rules and procedures rather than a belief that management can be taught. B is incorrect because bureaucracy is designed to minimize the influence of personal connections on power and decision-making. D is incorrect because bureaucracy relies on continuous monitoring and feedback to operate efficiently, not just periodic corrective actions.

Question 15

The first individual to list managerial traits was _____.
A) ​al-Farabi 
B) ​Ghazali 
C) ​Sun Tzu 
D) ​Barbarigo

Accepted Answer

The first individual to list managerial traits was al-Farabi, an Arab philosopher who lived between 872 and 950 AD.

Question 16

When viewed in historical context,Weber's ideas about bureaucracy show that _____.
A) ​arbitrary decision making supplanted logical rules and procedures in organizations 
B) ​personal gains scored over efficiency 
C) ​fairness supplanted favoritism in organizations 
D) ​political connections were given preference over merit for promotions in organizations

Accepted Answer

Weber's ideas about bureaucracy emphasized the importance of fairness and merit-based promotions over favoritism and nepotism, which were prevalent in organizations during his time. His ideas were a reaction to the corruption he witnessed in politics and organizations, which placed personal gain over efficiency and rationality. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it reflects Weber's emphasis on fairness in organizations.

Question 17

A major change that took place during the Industrial Revolution was that highly skilled artisans took over the jobs of low-skilled laborers.

Accepted Answer

The major change that took place during the Industrial Revolution was that low-skilled laborers took over the jobs of highly skilled artisans, as machines and new production methods required less expertise and training.

Question 18

Which of the following is true about the chain of command in Max Weber's bureaucracy? 
A) ​People in lower positions are protected by a grievance procedure. 
B) ​Organizational owners have the right to hire and fire employees. 
C) ​Organizational owners decide on who should be promoted. 
D) ​Tasks and responsibilities are clearly defined and divided.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true about...

Question 19

According to bureaucratic management,_____ should supervise an organization.
A) ​creditors 
B) ​business partners 
C) ​managers 
D) ​shareholders

Accepted Answer

According to bureaucratic management, a hierarchical structure should be established with a clear chain of command. Therefore, the supervision of the organization should be carried out by managers who hold formal authority and are responsible for implementing policies and procedures in order to ensure the efficient functioning of the organization. Creditors, business partners, and shareholders do not have the same level of involvement in the day-to-day operations of the organization as managers do.

Question 20

According to the elements of bureaucracy,which of the following is a criterion for promoting employees? 
A) ​Relationship with the managers 
B) ​Personal appearance 
C) ​Experience or achievement 
D) ​Political influence

Accepted Answer

The element of bureaucracy that deals with personnel is based on experience and achievement, meaning that the criterion for promoting employees is based on their qualifications, skills, and performance rather than their personal relationship with managers, appearance or political influence.

Quiz 2: The History of Management

Gantt charts were revolutionary in the era of seat-of-the-pants management because of the detailed planning information they provided.

A systems approach to management encourages managers to view each division as a separate,vital entity.

For most of recorded history,information has been costly,difficult to obtain,and slow to spread.

Which of the following was al-Farabi's significant contribution to management thought and practice?

One of the first technologies to truly revolutionize the business use of information was a stone tablet.

One of the objectives of the motion study conducted by Frank and Lillian Gilbreth was to:

How did the Industrial Revolution change jobs and organizations?

For most of humankind's history,people have commuted to and from their place of work.

Which of the following is an element of bureaucratic organizations?

The Gilbreths used motion picture films to analyze jobs.

Nearly all organizations should be viewed as open systems that interact with their environments and depend on them for survival.

One of the most commonly used operations management tool is cognitive mapping,which is used to better understand the psychology of the workers in an organization.

A Gantt chart indicates informal communication paths.

Which of the following statements is true about bureaucracy?

The first individual to list managerial traits was _____.

When viewed in historical context,Weber's ideas about bureaucracy show that _____.

A major change that took place during the Industrial Revolution was that highly skilled artisans took over the jobs of low-skilled laborers.

Which of the following is true about the chain of command in Max Weber's bureaucracy?

According to bureaucratic management,_____ should supervise an organization.

According to the elements of bureaucracy,which of the following is a criterion for promoting employees?