Question 1

Laser wavelengths determine the color and invisibility of the beam and are categorized from their place along the:
A) Bell curve
B) table of natural elements
C) electromagnetic spectrum
D) universal nomenclature

Accepted Answer

Laser wavelengths are categorized based on their position along the electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum ranges from radio waves with the largest wavelengths to gamma rays with the smallest wavelengths. Laser wavelengths fall within the visible, ultraviolet, and infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum, which determine the color and invisibility of the beam. Therefore, the correct answer is C.

Question 2

Which of the following lasers falls into the invisible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, is absorbed by cellular fluid, and is not dependent on tissue color? A) argon B) CO₂ C) Ho:YAG D) Nd:YAG

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following lasers falls into...

Question 3

Ebonized or other specially coated instruments should be used when which surgical device is being used in a narrow space?
A) argon beam coagulator
B) CO2 laser hand piece
C) electrosurgical pencil
D) ultrasonic scalpel

Accepted Answer

CO2 lasers generate heat, and the handpiece can become very hot during use, which can cause surrounding tissue damage. Ebonized or specially coated instruments have a high resistance to heat and are less likely to cause damage to surrounding tissues.

Question 4

Which of the following is a safety mechanism engineered into the ESU that alerts the surgical team that the device is being activated?
A) audible tone
B) flashing light on pencil
C) smoke from generator
D) vibration of electrodes

Accepted Answer

An audible tone is a safety mechanism engineered into the ESU that alerts the surgical team that the device is being activated. This ensures that everyone in the room is aware of the device's use and can take appropriate safety measures to prevent injury. The other options, such as flashing lights on the pencil or smoke from the generator, may be indicators of malfunction or other issues, but they are not specifically designed as safety mechanisms. Vibration of electrodes is also not a safety mechanism, but rather a feature that helps ensure good electrical contact between the electrodes and the patient's tissue.

Question 5

What is the term for the precision of a laser beam and is based on the area exposed, the time activated, and the power setting?
A) amplification
B) coherence
C) collimation
D) fluence

Accepted Answer

The term for the precision of a laser beam based on the area exposed, the time activated, and the power setting is fluence. Amplification refers to the process of increasing the power or energy of a laser beam, coherence refers to how in-phase the light waves of a laser beam are, and collimation refers to the ability of a laser beam to maintain its narrow width over long distances.

Question 6

Resonant frequency capacitive coupling and dielectric breakdown are examples of:
A) computer program malfunctions
B) electrosurgery burns to personnel
C) laser energy tissue effects
D) robotic operation modes

Accepted Answer

Resonant frequency capacitive coupling and dielectric breakdown are both types of electrical safety hazards that can lead to electrosurgery burns to personnel. Computer program malfunctions, laser energy tissue effects, and robotic operation modes are not related to these hazards.

Question 7

Solids, gases, liquids, and semiconductor crystals are types of:
A) chemical coagulants
B) electrical conductors
C) robotic power sources
D) surgical laser media

Accepted Answer

The answer of Solids, gases, liquids, and semiconductor crystals are...

Question 8

In a laser generator, what is found at both ends that allows for the amplification and stimulated emission of laser light?
A) LED lightbulbs
B) magnetic poles
C) mirror reflectors
D) wire filaments

Accepted Answer

Mirror reflectors are found at both ends of a laser generator to create a cavity that allows for the amplification and stimulated emission of the laser light.

Question 9

Which of the following terms is defined as the number of ways that a robotic manipulator can move?
A) degrees of freedom
B) resolution
C) sensitivity
D) telepresence

Accepted Answer

Degrees of freedom is the term that represents the number of independent ways that a robotic manipulator can move. It refers to the number of joints or axes that can be controlled by the robot, allowing it to move in different directions and perform various tasks.

Question 10

All of the following are examples of tissue interaction with laser light energy EXCEPT:
A) absorption
B) contraction
C) reflection
D) transmission

Accepted Answer

Absorption, reflection, and transmission are all ways in which tissues interact with laser light energy. However, contraction is not a typical response of tissue to laser light energy.

Question 11

Which of the following modes or settings of the electrosurgical unit (ESU) would NOT require use of a patient return electrode (ground pad)?
A) bipolar
B) blended
C) coagulation
D) cutting

Accepted Answer

Bipolar mode does not require the use of a patient return electrode (ground pad) as the current flows between the two prongs of the bipolar forceps, which is localized to the tissue being treated. The other modes (blended, coagulation, and cutting) require a return electrode to complete the electrical circuit and prevent any potential harm to the patient.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a type of ESU tip?
A) ball
B) loop
C) needle
D) trocar

Accepted Answer

The trocar is not a type of ESU tip. The ball, loop, and needle are commonly used types of ESU tips in surgical procedures.

Question 13

Which generation of robots does NOT have any degree of artificial intelligence (AI) and requires consistent oversight?
A) first
B) second
C) third
D) fourth

Accepted Answer

The first generation of robots does not have any degree of artificial intelligence and requires consistent oversight. The second, third, and fourth generations have varying degrees of AI and are capable of more complex tasks without constant human supervision.

Question 14

All of the following represent a complete AC electrical circuit EXCEPT:
A) C battery →  C battery →  wire →  flashlight bulb
B) ESU generator →  bipolar cord →  one prong of bipolar forceps →  tissue →  other prong of bipolar forceps →  bipolar cord →  ESU generator
C) positive (hot) wire →  negative (neutral) wire →  ground source
D) wall plug →  ESU generator →  active electrode pencil →  tissues →  patient ground pad →  ESU generator →  wall plug

Accepted Answer

The answer of All of the following represent a complete...

Question 15

Which type of gas is used to enhance the effectiveness of the electrosurgical unit active electrode pencil? A) argon B) CO₂ C) helium D) nitrous oxide

Accepted Answer

Argon gas is often used in electrosurgery because it is inert and does not react with tissue. It is able to enhance the effectiveness of the active electrode pencil by providing an ionized gas around the tip, which improves the transfer of electrical energy to the tissue. Helium and nitrous oxide are not typically used in electrosurgery, and the option of "CO₂" is not a valid choice.

Question 16

What is the property of the gel portion of the patient return electrode (ground pad) that completes the ESU circuit?
A) conductivity
B) impedance
C) insulated
D) resistance

Accepted Answer

The gel portion of the patient return electrode (ground pad) must have conductivity to complete the ESU circuit. Conductivity allows the flow of electric current and completes the circuit, which is necessary for the safe and effective use of the ESU. The other options, impedance, insulation, and resistance, do not necessarily contribute to completing the ESU circuit.

Question 17

To prevent inadvertent activation of the ESU resulting in possible ignition of draping materials, the pencil should be placed in which of the following when NOT in use?
A) instrument holster
B) kidney basin
C) rigid holster
D) trocar cannula

Accepted Answer

The rigid holster is designed to securely hold the pencil when it is not in use, reducing the risk of accidental activation that could lead to a fire. The other options listed are not specifically designed for holding the ESU pencil and may not provide adequate protection from inadvertent activation.

Question 18

Which of the following would MOST likely be the cause of a patient burn from alternate exit pathway of ESU current?
A) fingernail bed under the pulse oximeter
B) placement site of electrocardiogram (ECG) leads
C) skin over a bony prominence such as the scapula
D) soles of the feet under the sequential pulsing pads

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following would MOST likely...

Question 19

Which of the following terms is defined as the extent to which a machine, microscope, human, or robot can differentiate between two objects?
A) binaural hearing
B) degrees of rotation
C) resolution
D) telechir

Accepted Answer

Resolution is the term used to define the ability of a machine, microscope, human, or robot to differentiate between two objects. Binaural hearing refers to the ability to hear with both ears, degrees of rotation refers to the angular distance between two points, and telechir refers to a system of remote control of a robot.

Question 20

When using a bayonet bipolar forceps:
A) argon gas may be used to enhance the cutting mode
B) one side of the forceps collects and returns the current to the generator
C) the dispersive patient return electrode returns the current back to the generator
D) the surgeon chooses the blended current mode to reduce the thermal damage to adjacent tissue

Accepted Answer

One side of the bayonet bipolar forceps collects and returns the current to the generator. The other side is the working electrode, which delivers the current to the tissue being operated on. Argon gas is not used with bayonet bipolar forceps, and the surgeon may choose to use blended current mode to reduce thermal damage to adjacent tissue. The dispersive patient return electrode is a separate component used to return current to the generator.

Quiz 6: Biomedical Science

Laser wavelengths determine the color and invisibility of the beam and are categorized from their place along the:

Which of the following lasers falls into the invisible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, is absorbed by cellular fluid, and is not dependent on tissue color?

Ebonized or other specially coated instruments should be used when which surgical device is being used in a narrow space?

Which of the following is a safety mechanism engineered into the ESU that alerts the surgical team that the device is being activated?

What is the term for the precision of a laser beam and is based on the area exposed, the time activated, and the power setting?

Resonant frequency capacitive coupling and dielectric breakdown are examples of:

Solids, gases, liquids, and semiconductor crystals are types of:

In a laser generator, what is found at both ends that allows for the amplification and stimulated emission of laser light?

Which of the following terms is defined as the number of ways that a robotic manipulator can move?

All of the following are examples of tissue interaction with laser light energy EXCEPT:

Which of the following modes or settings of the electrosurgical unit (ESU) would NOT require use of a patient return electrode (ground pad) ?

Which of the following is NOT a type of ESU tip?

Which generation of robots does NOT have any degree of artificial intelligence (AI) and requires consistent oversight?

All of the following represent a complete AC electrical circuit EXCEPT:

Which type of gas is used to enhance the effectiveness of the electrosurgical unit active electrode pencil?

What is the property of the gel portion of the patient return electrode (ground pad) that completes the ESU circuit?

To prevent inadvertent activation of the ESU resulting in possible ignition of draping materials, the pencil should be placed in which of the following when NOT in use?

Which of the following would MOST likely be the cause of a patient burn from alternate exit pathway of ESU current?

Which of the following terms is defined as the extent to which a machine, microscope, human, or robot can differentiate between two objects?

When using a bayonet bipolar forceps: