Question 1

A patient return electrode (ground pad) may be repositioned to another site if the gel is still "sticky."

Accepted Answer

A patient return electrode should not be repositioned once it has been placed, as repositioning can compromise the integrity of the electrode's adhesion and increase the risk of skin burns or ineffective therapy.

Question 2

Cartesian coordinate geometry uses the system of graphing mathematical functions and moves the robotic manipulators along the x, y, and z axes.

Accepted Answer

Cartesian coordinate geometry uses the system of graphing mathematical functions in three dimensions by assigning a point in space with its x, y, and z coordinates (also known as axes) to move around robotic manipulators.

Question 3

The bipolar mode of the ESU can be used only to cut tissue.

Accepted Answer

The bipolar mode of the ESU can be used for both cutting and coagulation of tissue.

Question 4

What is the term for the developing technology of performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location?

Accepted Answer

Telesurgery is the term used for performing a surgical procedure in real time but from a distant location. Other options like Cartesian coordinate geometry, expert systems, and revolute geometry are not related to this technology.

Question 5

Match each term below with its description.
-Source of direct current with opposite positive and negative terminals

Accepted Answer

A battery is a source of direct current with opposite positive and negative terminals.

Note: None of the other terms match this description.

Question 6

Which of the following laser beams cannot transmit through clear fluid or glass?

Accepted Answer

The laser beam labeled as CO₂ is not a recognizable type of laser and cannot be determined whether it can transmit through clear fluid or glass. Therefore, it cannot be chosen. Among the other options, argon and krypton lasers can transmit through clear fluid or glass, while Nd:YAG laser can transmit through some types of clear materials, including glass. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 7

What is the name of the inert gas beam used with invisible light lasers to provide visual aiming to target tissue?

Accepted Answer

Helium-neon is the most commonly used inert gas beam in medical lasers because it emits a visible red light that provides precise visual aiming of the laser beam to target tissues.

Question 8

What is the name of the complex robotic operating system created and marketed by Intuitive Surgical?

Accepted Answer

The complex robotic operating system created and marketed by Intuitive Surgical is called da Vinci.

Question 9

Match each term below with its description.
-The round, third prong of a three-prong plug, which captures excess leakage current to prevent shocks

Accepted Answer

The description matches the term "Ground," which refers to the third prong of a three-prong plug that captures excess leakage current to prevent shocks.

Question 10

Which laser unit has articulated joints with mirrors at the bend points and requires that care must be taken not to disrupt the alignment of those mirrors during transport, because that could result in an unpredictable beam trajectory?

Accepted Answer

CO₂ lasers often use articulated arms with mirrors at the joints to direct the laser beam. These mirrors must remain precisely aligned to ensure the beam follows the intended path. Disruption during transport can misalign the mirrors, leading to an unpredictable beam trajectory.

Question 11

Match each term below with its description.
-Current that requires a wall outlet and reverses direction periodically

Accepted Answer

Alternating current is the type of current that requires a wall outlet and reverses direction periodically.

Question 12

Which type of laser uses gases that are toxic and potentially fatal, and therefore rarely used in the OR setting?

Accepted Answer

Excimer lasers use toxic and potentially fatal gases such as fluorine or chlorine, making them rarely used in the OR setting. The other options (argon, krypton, and CO₂) do not use such gases and are safer for use in medical settings.

Question 13

The patient return electrode for a patient undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy would MOST likely be placed:

Accepted Answer

The patient return electrode for a patient undergoing a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is most commonly placed on the anterior thigh. This location is chosen because it is a large, flat area that can accommodate the size of the electrode, ensuring good contact and minimizing the risk of burns or other complications. It is also relatively close to the surgical site, which is beneficial for the return path of the electrical current used in electrosurgery.

Question 14

The acronym laser stands for light application by special electromagnetic radiation.

Accepted Answer

The acronym laser stands for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation.

Question 15

Which term describes the right and left (side-to-side) movements of a robotic manipulator that has 3-D capability?

Accepted Answer

Yaw refers to the side-to-side movement of a robotic manipulator, similar to turning the head left and right.

Question 16

Robotic manipulators are not sterilized, but are covered with disposable drapes for surgical procedures.

Accepted Answer

Robotic manipulators are not sterilized because the electronics and wiring cannot withstand the high temperatures and moisture associated with sterilization procedures. However, they are usually covered with disposable drapes to maintain a sterile barrier during surgical procedures.

Question 17

During routine robotic surgery procedures, where is the surgeon?

Accepted Answer

During routine robotic surgery procedures, the surgeon sits at the robotic console separate from the OR table. They manipulate the robotic arms and instruments from the console to perform the surgical procedure.

Question 18

Which type of laser has a wavelength that creates a bright blue-green visible light within a plasma tube?

Accepted Answer

Argon lasers have a wavelength that creates a bright blue-green visible light within a plasma tube.

Question 19

Match each term below with its description.
-The component of electricity that causes a conductor to glow or heat up

Accepted Answer

Resistance is the component of electricity that causes a conductor to glow or heat up, by resisting the flow of electrons.

Answer: C
 Electrons are subatomic particles that carry a negative charge and are responsible for the flow of electricity.

Answer: I
 Power refers to the rate at which work is done or energy is used in an electric circuit.

Answer: F
 An insulator is a material that does not allow electric current to flow through it easily, and is commonly used to protect against electrical shocks.

Answer: M
 A battery is a device that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy, providing power to an electric circuit.

Answer: N 
 Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the motherboard, processor, and memory.

Answer: J
 Ground is a term used to describe a connection between an electric circuit and the Earth, which provides a safe path for electrical current to flow in the event of a short circuit or other fault.

Question 20

Match each term below with its description.
-The rate at which work is done; measured in watts

Accepted Answer

Power is the rate at which work is done, measured in watts.

Answer: M
 A battery is a device that stores and releases electrical energy.

Answer: G
 Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric current, measured in ohms.

Answer: N
 Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the monitor, keyboard, and hard drive.

Answer: O
 A scanner is a device that converts physical images, such as photographs or documents, into digital format that can be stored and manipulated on a computer.

Note: The other terms listed do not match the given descriptions.

Quiz 6: Biomedical Science