Question 1

Canada has a higher homicide rate than European countries.

Accepted Answer

Canada has a higher homicide rate than most European countries.

Question 2

Distinguish between structural and cultural explanations of Aboriginal overrepresentation in the criminal justice system.provide specific examples to substantiate each of these explanations

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Question 3

Is there a direct link between alcohol/drug misuse and criminal behaviour? Support your answer by citing statistics and research findings.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

There are three variations of structural theories on the overrepresentation of Aboriginal people within the Canadian criminal justice system.Identify and summarize each of these variations.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are three variations of structural theories...

Question 5

Choose one major correlate of crime as documented in your textbook and describe its relationship with crime,using theories and research to substantiate your arguments.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Explain the role convergence theory.How does it account for the rising crime rate among women? Is this explanation substantiated by empirical research? Elaborate on your answer.

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Explain the maturational reform thesis.How does this theory account for the decline of criminal behaviour after adolescence?

Accepted Answer

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Question 8

While research demonstrates a strong correlation between substance abuse and criminal offending,there is not a high rate of criminal offenders in prison with substance abuse problems because most are diverted to community-based drug treatment programs.

Accepted Answer

While many criminal offenders with substance abuse problems are now diverted to community-based drug treatment programs, there is still a significant number of individuals with substance abuse issues in prison. The exact percentage varies by state and jurisdiction, but studies have found that anywhere from 50-80% of inmates have some history of substance abuse.

Question 9

The larger the population size of a city in Canada,the higher the crime rate.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true because as the population size of a city increases, the number of potential criminals also increases, leading to a higher crime rate.

Question 10

Canada's three largest cities have lower crime rates than other smaller cities in the country

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada's 2019 Crime Severity Index report, Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver all had lower crime rates than smaller cities in Canada.

Question 11

There is no evidence that substantiates a correlation between substance abuse and criminal behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that there is a strong correlation between substance abuse and criminal behavior. Substance abuse can lead to impaired judgment, aggression, and risky behavior, which increases the likelihood of engaging in criminal activities. Many criminal offenses, such as drug possession, driving under the influence, and violent crimes, often involve drug or alcohol use.

Question 12

The textbook cites Hagen (1992)who says the "relationship between class and crime is class and crime specific." What does Hagen mean by this? Provide some specific examples to substantiate your answer.

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Question 13

This chapter explores how certain variables correlate with crime.Yet,it emphasizes that just because a variable is associated with crime,this does not mean it causes crime.Explain the difference between a correlate of crime and a cause of crime.Cite one example from the chapter for each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of This chapter explores how certain variables correlate...

Question 14

Structural explanations for Aboriginal overrepresentation in the criminal justice system centre on the social and economic oppression of Aboriginals by the dominant white society.

Accepted Answer

Structural explanations attribute Aboriginal overrepresentation in the criminal justice system to systemic factors such as poverty, racism, and historical injustices that create disadvantages for Aboriginal people compared to the dominant white society. This includes factors such as residential schools, forced removal from their lands, and policies that have resulted in poor education, housing, and employment opportunities for many Aboriginal people.

Question 15

Identify and describe some of the ways that illicit drug use leads to crime and violence.

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

Describe some of the major differences in crime rates and patterns between the genders.How have official statistics and self-report studies differed in their findings on such sex differences?

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Question 17

The evidence suggests that some minority groups are overrepresented in police-reported crime statistics.Identify and describe the two main hypotheses that account for overrepresentation.Which one do you believe is most accurate?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

According to Hagen,the relationship between crime and class is complex because various classes are involved in different kinds of criminal behaviour due to differential opportunities to commit crimes.

Accepted Answer

Hagen's theory of differential opportunity theory suggests that the relationship between crime and class is complex because different classes have different opportunities to engage in different kinds of criminal behavior. Therefore, some classes may have higher rates of certain types of crime while others may have higher rates of different types of crime.

Question 19

People with high socio-economic status are overrepresented in police-reported statistics.

Accepted Answer

People with low socio-economic status are overrepresented in police-reported statistics, not those with high socio-economic status.

Question 20

According to the textbook,there are three broad factors that link alcohol/drug misuse and crime.Identify and describe each of these factors.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 5: Correlates of Criminal Behaviour