Question 1

The following theorists and central concepts of good are related except:
A) Power; Machiavelli
B) Integrity; Nietzsche
C) Simplicity; Thoreau
D) Will of God; Muhammad
E) Pleasure; Plato
F) Utility; Mill
G) Duty; Kant

Accepted Answer

All of the other theorists and concepts listed pertain to ethical/moral philosophy, while pleasure (as discussed by Plato) is a concept related to the philosophy of hedonism.

Question 2

The official boy scout laws include all but one of the following:
A) Bravery
B) Kindness
C) Loyalty
D) Practicality
E) Trust worthiness

Accepted Answer

The official Boy Scout Laws include A) Trustworthiness, B) Loyalty, C) helpfulness, D) FRIENDLINESS, E) COURTEOUSNESS, F) kindness, G) obedience, H) cheerfulness, I) thriftiness, and J) cleanliness. Practicality is not one of the official laws.

Question 3

The Greek word for ethics, ethos, originally stood for:
A) Physical beauty
B) Social justice
C) Inner character
D) Religious faith

Accepted Answer

The Greek word ethos originally referred to the inner character or disposition of a person. It was later used to describe the guiding beliefs or values of a group or society, and eventually came to refer to the branch of philosophy concerned with morals and values (ethics). While physical beauty (A) and religious faith (D) were valued in Ancient Greek culture, they were not the original meaning of ethos. Social justice (B) was also a concern in Ancient Greece, but it was not the original meaning of the word ethos either.

Question 4

Pragmatism as a philosophical belief originated in _______, and taught _______.
A) France; that which is beautiful is good
B) England; that which is just is good
C) America; that which works is good
D) Greece; that which is true is good

Accepted Answer

Pragmatism as a philosophical belief originated in America and taught that which works is good. This can be seen in the works of American philosophers such as William James and John Dewey.

Question 5

Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, emphasized level ______ and stage ______ moral reasoning.
A) I; 2
B) II; 4
C) III; 6
D) I; 1
E) II; 3

Accepted Answer

The novel emphasizes level III and stage 6 moral reasoning, as Huck Finn goes beyond conventional morality and societal values to make decisions based on his own personal conscience and ethical principles. He questions the morality of slavery and ultimately decides to help Jim escape, which goes against the values of his society. This demonstrates a level III, post-conventional, and stage 6, universal ethical principles, form of moral reasoning according to Kohlberg's theory.

Question 6

Each of the following statements is an ethical judgment, except:
A) It is wrong to steal
B) Democracy is a good system of government
C) The discovery of truth should be the scientist's goal
D) Man is an animal

Accepted Answer

The statement "Man is an animal" is a factual statement, not an ethical judgment. The other statements contain value judgments about what is right or good.

Question 7

In the American workplace, the following values are mentioned most often: honesty, respect, service, excellence and:
A) Friendliness
B) Integrity
C) Patience
D) Humility

Accepted Answer

Integrity is a core value in the American workplace, as it emphasizes the importance of doing the right thing even when no one is watching. It is often paired with honesty and is valued in employees and employers alike. Although the other values listed are also important, integrity stands out as a crucial component of ethical behavior in the workplace.

Question 8

An organization can tell if it needs to clarify or reinforce its values if:
A) Top leaders send mixed messages about what is important.
B) Different individuals and subgroups have fundamentally different value systems.
C) The organization has values, but people do not practice them.
D) All of these
E) None of these

Accepted Answer

All of these situations indicate that an organization might need to clarify or reinforce its values. Mixed messages from top leaders can create confusion and ambiguity around what the organization's values truly are. Different value systems among individuals or subgroups can indicate that the organization's values are not clearly understood or are not being effectively communicated. And if people are not practicing the organization's values, this suggests that there is a gap between what is communicated and what is actually expected or incentivized. In all of these cases, clarifying and reinforcing the organization's values can help ensure that everyone is aligned and working towards the same goals.

Question 9

"Ways of being" featured in Starbuck's Green Apron Book include all but one of the following:
A) Be welcoming
B) Be genuine
C) Be knowledgeable
D) Be considerate
E) Be punctual

Accepted Answer

"Be punctual" is not included in the list of "Ways of being" featured in Starbuck's Green Apron Book.

Question 10

All three _____, _____, _______ are measuring ingredients of virtuous, Level III, stage 6 moral leadership.
A) Motives; means; consequences
B) Facts; figures; results
C) Knowledge; values; actions
D) None of these

Accepted Answer

Motives, means, and consequences are all measuring ingredients of virtuous, Level III, stage 6 moral leadership.

Question 11

According to Leon Wieseltier, Americans are:
A) Choking on identities
B) Lacking meaning
C) Well defined in core values
D) Committed to a unified value system

Accepted Answer

Leon Wieseltier suggests that Americans are overwhelmed by the complexities and conflicts of multiple identities, implying a struggle rather than a clear, unified sense of identity or values.

Question 12

For _____, leadership involves the use of authority to help followers uphold important values; for _____, leadership emphasizes the moral development of followers; for _____, the focus of leadership should be on service to others.
A) Ronald Heifetz; Robert Greenleaf; James MacGregor Burns
B) Robert Greenleaf; Ronald Heifetz; James MacGregor Burns
C) James MacGregor Burns; Robert Greenleaf; Ronald Heifetz
D) Ronald Heifetz; James MacGregor Burns; Robert Greenleaf

Accepted Answer

Ronald Heifetz focuses on leadership using authority to uphold values, James MacGregor Burns emphasizes moral development, and Robert Greenleaf focuses on servant leadership.

Question 13

Lynn Sharp Paine argues that _______ is a better belief than _______ because it recognizes the intrinsic worth of other values than economic gain.
A) Might makes right; do unto others as you would have them do unto you
B) Ethics counts; ethics pays
C) Leadership is an acquired ability; leadership is an inherited ability
D) None of these

Accepted Answer

Lynn Sharp Paine argues that "Ethics counts; ethics pays" is a better belief than valuing "economic gain" above all else because it recognizes that there are other values, such as ethical principles, that should be considered important in decision-making. This belief emphasizes that ethical behavior not only aligns with personal values, but it can also lead to long-term success and profitability for businesses.

Question 14

In dealing with moral dilemmas involving people, products, prices, and profits, organizations typically reflect one of these three ethical orientations:
A) Democracy, quality of life management, labor relations
B) Quality of life management, profit maximizing, trusteeship
C) Democracy, management accountability, quality of life management
D) Quality of life management, communism, shared profits

Accepted Answer

The ethical orientation that reflects a balance between profit maximization and quality of life management is the most practical and realistic. This approach recognizes the importance of generating profits for the organization's sustainability while also considering the well-being of its stakeholders, such as employees, customers, and the community. Trusteeship, or the idea that organizations have a responsibility to act in the best interest of society, also aligns with this ethical orientation. Democracies and communism are political ideologies that are not directly applicable to organizational ethics.

Question 15

Plato believed that the best and brightest members of a society should be in power and they should use their talents to serve their fellow men. He called these individuals:
A) Warrior leaders
B) Learned teachers
C) Caring heroes
D) Philosopher kings

Accepted Answer

Plato believed that society should be ruled by philosopher kings, who were individuals possessing the necessary knowledge and intelligence to govern justly and wisely. These individuals were expected to place the common good above their own interests and to use their skills and abilities to benefit society as a whole. Plato believed that only by having philosopher kings in charge could a society achieve true justice and prosperity.

Question 16

Stanley Milgram's social research showed:
A) Hitler could only happen in German
B) Women are innately kind
C) Electric voltage must be regulated in laboratory experiments
D) Ordinary people can be induced to perform inhumane acts

Accepted Answer

Stanley Milgram's infamous experiments demonstrated that ordinary people are willing to inflict harm on others when instructed to by an authority figure. This suggests that people's obedience to authority can lead them to perform inhumane acts.

Question 17

The official girl scout laws include all but one of the following:
A) Respect
B) Courage
C) Honesty
D) Cheerfulness
E) Helpfulness

Accepted Answer

The answer of The official girl scout laws include all...

Question 18

Ethical climate refers to _______; three kinds of ethical climates are ______, ______, and ________.
A) The degree of penalty imposed for transgressions; minimum; moderate; maximum
B) Moral standards that have been upheld; especially by leaders; profit-maximizing; trusteeship; quality-of-life management
C) Religious and spiritual beliefs supported by customs; eastern; western; all-world
D) All of these
E) None of these

Accepted Answer

Ethical climate refers to the moral standards that have been upheld, especially by leaders. The three kinds of ethical climates are profit-maximizing, trusteeship, and quality-of-life management.

Question 19

St. Augustine taught an ethical view that was essentially:
A) Religious
B) Nonreligious
C) Political
D) None of these

Accepted Answer

St. Augustine's ethical view was deeply rooted in his Christian faith and understanding of God's will. His teachings emphasized the importance of loving God and living a virtuous life in order to attain eternal salvation. Therefore, his ethical view was fundamentally religious.

Question 20

The Patagonia company philosophy can be summarized as:
A) Market share equals company success
B) Earth first, profit second
C) No margin, no mission
D) Grow or die

Accepted Answer

The Patagonia company philosophy is centered around being environmentally responsible and putting the planet first, ahead of profits. This is encapsulated in their slogan "Earth first, profit second."

Quiz 5: The Importance of Ethics

The following theorists and central concepts of good are related except:

The official boy scout laws include all but one of the following:

The Greek word for ethics, ethos, originally stood for:

Pragmatism as a philosophical belief originated in _, and taught _.

Mark Twain's novel The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, emphasized level and stage moral reasoning.

Each of the following statements is an ethical judgment, except:

In the American workplace, the following values are mentioned most often: honesty, respect, service, excellence and:

An organization can tell if it needs to clarify or reinforce its values if:

"Ways of being" featured in Starbuck's Green Apron Book include all but one of the following:

All three ___, _, _____ are measuring ingredients of virtuous, Level III, stage 6 moral leadership.

According to Leon Wieseltier, Americans are:

For ___, leadership involves the use of authority to help followers uphold important values; for _, leadership emphasizes the moral development of followers; for ___, the focus of leadership should be on service to others.

Lynn Sharp Paine argues that _ is a better belief than _ because it recognizes the intrinsic worth of other values than economic gain.

In dealing with moral dilemmas involving people, products, prices, and profits, organizations typically reflect one of these three ethical orientations:

Plato believed that the best and brightest members of a society should be in power and they should use their talents to serve their fellow men. He called these individuals:

Stanley Milgram's social research showed:

The official girl scout laws include all but one of the following:

Ethical climate refers to _; three kinds of ethical climates are , , and __.

St. Augustine taught an ethical view that was essentially:

The Patagonia company philosophy can be summarized as: