Question 1

Kaylee refuses to change in the locker room during gym class. She is afraid that someone will see her body, make fun of it, and embarrass her. As a result, Kaylee skips gym class to avoid the situation. Based on this information, it is possible that Kaylee has a ________.

Accepted Answer

Kaylee's fear of being seen and ridiculed by others in the locker room suggests that she may have a social phobia, which is characterized by intense fear and avoidance of social situations or performance situations due to fear of being judged or evaluated negatively by others.

Question 2

Miguel has a great job, is well educated, and has a loving family. Despite these positive aspects of his life, he experiences anxiety every day. When asked by his therapist the reason for his anxiety, he says, "I don't know why. I don't have any reason to feel anxious, yet I worry all the time." The therapist describes Miguel as having ________.

Accepted Answer

Miguel's description of feeling anxious without a specific reason or trigger is characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 3

What types of symptoms are sufficient for a diagnosis of obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What types of symptoms are sufficient for...

Question 4

Manny has such an intense fear of flying insects that he hardly ever goes outside his house during the summer months. He is probably suffering from a ______.

Accepted Answer

Manny's intense fear of flying insects is likely to indicate a specific phobia, which is categorized under anxiety disorders.

Question 5

Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible if something should go wrong is called ______.

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible if something should go wrong. Social phobia is fear of social situations, specific phobia is fear of a specific object or situation, and trypanophobia is fear of medical procedures involving injections or needles.

Question 6

Obsession is to compulsion as ________.

Accepted Answer

Obsession and compulsion are both related to obsessive-compulsive disorders. Obsession refers to persistent and intrusive thoughts, while compulsion refers to repetitive behaviors or actions that individuals feel compelled to perform. Similarly, thought and behavior are related to each other in the same way that obsession and compulsion are related. Thoughts often lead to behaviors, just like obsessions often lead to compulsions.

Question 7

________ is (are) believed to trigger a "suffocation alarm" in the brain that can lead to panic.

Accepted Answer

Changes in carbon dioxide levels are believed to trigger a "suffocation alarm" in the brain that can lead to panic. When carbon dioxide levels rise, it can create a sensation of breathlessness, which the brain can interpret as suffocation, leading to a panic response.

Question 8

An irrational fear of some object or specific situation is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A specific phobia is an unreasonable or irrational fear of a particular object or situation that poses little to no actual danger. Examples may include a fear of spiders, needles, or flying in airplanes. Agoraphobia is a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable in the event of a panic attack, while a social phobia involves fear and anxiety in social situations. An interactive phobia, while not a commonly used term, would typically refer to a fear of interpersonal interactions or relationships.

Question 9

After returning from the Iraq war, Caddell was plagued by nightmares of the attacks for months. In addition, he avoided anything associated with the war and was hypervigilant for danger. Caddell might have ________.

Accepted Answer

Caddell's symptom of nightmares, avoidance, and hypervigilance indicate that he may be suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). PTSD is a mental health disorder that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, such as combat, and is characterized by a range of symptoms including intrusive thoughts or memories, avoidance of trauma-related stimuli, and hyperarousal. Acute stress disorder (A), a mood disorder (B), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (C) may share some similar symptoms with PTSD but are not specific to experiencing a traumatic event.

Question 10

The belief that bodily arousal can have negative consequences is called ________ sensitivity. It has been proposed as a possible contributor to the development of panic disorder.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The belief that bodily arousal can have...

Question 11

Of the following, a fear of ________ is not considered to be a specific phobia.

Accepted Answer

While all of the options listed can be feared by individuals, only public embarrassment is not considered a specific phobia. A specific phobia is a fear or anxiety related to a specific object, situation or activity. Contracting an illness, insects, and flying are all examples of specific phobias.

Question 12

During his college years, Jacob often experienced episodes of intense fear accompanied by the physical sensations of a heart attack. Jacob might have experienced a ________ disorder while in college.

Accepted Answer

Jacob's experience of intense fear and physical sensations point towards panic disorder, which is characterized by recurrent unexpected panic attacks. Personality and mood disorders may also have symptoms of anxiety or fear, but panic disorder specifically involves panic attacks. Eating disorders are characterized by disruptions in eating behavior and body image, which are not evident in Jacob's symptoms.

Question 13

Which of the following is true concerning panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Panic attacks can lead to agoraphobia, which is the fear of being in places or situations where escape might be difficult or where help might not be available in the event of a panic attack. This fear can result in avoiding certain situations, such as leaving home or being in crowded areas. A, B, and C are all incorrect statements. People with panic disorder often worry about having more attacks, may quit their job to avoid triggers or panic attacks and the attacks can occur without a specific trigger.

Question 14

As Carol and Ken are leaving for a trip, Carol repeatedly asks Ken, "Did we turn off the coffee pot?" For their entire trip, Carol worries about the coffee pot. Carol's doubt about turning off the coffee pot is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

Carol's worry about the coffee pot is a persistent and intrusive thought, which is a characteristic of an obsession. It is not a specific behavior or ritual that she feels compelled to perform, so it is not a compulsion. Therefore, the correct answer is A) obsession.

Question 15

Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called _________. Repetitive, ritualistic behaviors are called________.

Accepted Answer

Intruding thoughts that occur again and again are called obsessions, while repetitive, ritualistic behaviors are called compulsions.

Question 16

________ is a fear and avoidance of an object or situation extreme enough to interfere with everyday life.

Accepted Answer

A phobia is a type of anxiety disorder in which an individual has an extreme and irrational fear or avoidance of a particular object or situation. This fear is often so intense that it interferes with daily life and can lead to significant distress and impairment.

Question 17

Which part of the brain has been linked to panic disorder?

Accepted Answer

The locus coeruleus, located in the brainstem, has been linked to panic disorder. It plays a role in stress responses, and dysfunction in this area has been associated with panic attacks. The hippocampus is involved in memory and learning, the suprachiasmatic nucleus is involved in regulating circadian rhythms, and the occipital lobe is involved in vision, but none of these areas have been specifically linked to panic disorder.

Question 18

________ is a repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession.

Accepted Answer

A compulsion is a repetitive behavior or mental act that an individual feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession. Obsessions are intrusive and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that cause significant distress or anxiety. Compulsions are often performed in an attempt to reduce the anxiety caused by the obsession.

Question 19

Andy has a tendency to align the tools in his toolbox so that they are placed in perfect symmetry. Andy's compulsion illustrates ________.

Accepted Answer

Andy's behavior of aligning the tools in perfect symmetry indicates that he has a compulsion of ordering things.

Question 20

Fears of snakes, thunderstorms, darkness, and water are classified as ______ phobias.

Accepted Answer

Specific phobias are irrational fears of specific objects or situations, such as snakes, thunderstorms, darkness, and water. Social phobias involve a fear of social situations, primary phobias are not a recognized category, and innate phobias would refer to fears that are present at birth.

Quiz 11: Psychological Disorders: More Than Everyday Problems