Question 1

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-What,according to Rousseau,is the ideal type of society?

Accepted Answer

Rousseau's ideal type of society is one that protects all the people in the society while allowing them the greatest amount of personal freedom possible. This is based on his Social Contract theory, where individuals surrender their natural freedom to the community as a whole in exchange for protection and benefits that come with living in a society. Rousseau believed that a just society should be founded on the general will of its citizens, and that this would be the best way to ensure the common good while still guaranteeing individual liberty.

Question 2

Immanuel Kant
-Kant believes that talk about metaphysics is only possible if

Accepted Answer

Kant argues that metaphysics can only be possible if we can justify concepts like cause and effect without an appeal to our senses. He believes that our senses are limited and are therefore not enough to establish such concepts. For example, causality cannot be perceived by our senses but is necessary for our understanding of the world. Therefore, Kant argues for a priori concepts or those that are known independently of our senses.

Question 3

Immanuel Kant
-Kant hopes that metaphysics can be made into an accurate science by

Accepted Answer

Kant proposes that metaphysics can be made into an accurate science by investigating all metaphysical statements for certain propositions, such as the principle of non-contradiction and the principle of causality, to ensure their validity and consistency. This approach would allow for a rigorous and systematic study of metaphysics, rather than relying on mere speculation or intuition. Therefore, option C is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect because Kant does not suggest that common sense alone can be used to verify metaphysical ideas. Option B is incorrect because Kant argues that the noumenal world is beyond our knowledge and cannot be the basis for scientific inquiry. Option D is incorrect because Kant believes that metaphysics can be a science, albeit one with certain limitations and conditions.

Question 4

Immanuel Kant
-Metaphysics is only possible if we can gain knowledge from statements which are

Accepted Answer

According to Kant, metaphysics is only possible if it relies on synthetic a priori propositions, which are necessary and universal but not derived from experience. This is in contrast to synthetic a posteriori propositions, which are derived from experience, and analytical a priori propositions, which are true by definition. Therefore, the only option that fits Kant's criteria for metaphysics is synthetic a priori propositions.

Question 5

Immanuel Kant
-We cannot make judgments about the metaphysics of the universe as a whole because

Accepted Answer

Making judgments about the metaphysics of the universe as a whole is a complex task, as any statement about the true nature of the universe has an opposite, and there is no objective way of proving one to be true and the other to be false. In other words, there is no definitive way of knowing what is ultimately real.

Question 6

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-What does Rousseau say is "the real foundation of the society"?

Accepted Answer

Rousseau believed that the real foundation of society is the social contract, the moment when individuals come together to form a community and agree to abide by common rules and laws. This act creates a shared sense of identity and responsibility among the members of the community, which forms the basis for social organization and collective action. Therefore, option A, "the act by which a nation becomes a nation," best reflects Rousseau's view on the real foundation of society.

Question 7

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-Under the social contract,if an individual's will goes against the general will,what is to be done,according to Rousseau?

Accepted Answer

According to Rousseau, the social contract establishes the general will as the common good that takes precedence over individual interests. Therefore, if an individual's will goes against the general will, they must be forced to comply for the sake of the common good. Rousseau advocates for the use of the state's power to ensure adherence to the general will. Therefore, choice C, "The individual will be forced to comply with the general will," is the best answer.

Question 8

Immanuel Kant
-Having shown that metaphysics is unproved and speculative at best,Kant goes on to argue that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immanuel Kant
-Having shown that metaphysics is unproved...

Question 9

Immanuel Kant
-The principles on which all empirical knowledge are based

Accepted Answer

Kant argued that the principles underlying all empirical knowledge come from pure understanding, meaning they are a priori concepts that structure our experience of the world, rather than being derived from the experience itself.

Question 10

Immanuel Kant
-It is possible to know nature a priori because

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because Kant believed that the world as it actually exists is not the world which our senses present to us, but rather the world as it is structured by our own minds.

Question 11

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-What is the "double relation" of individuals to the society under the social contract?

Accepted Answer

Under Rousseau's social contract, individuals are both rulers and subjects because they collectively form the sovereign, which governs them, while also being governed by the laws they create.

Question 12

Immanuel Kant
-According to Kant,the laws of nature

Accepted Answer

Kant believed that the laws of nature are not simply found or discovered in the world but rather are a product of our minds. According to him, we apply these laws to construct our experience of nature. This is part of his critical philosophy, which argues that our understanding of the external world is shaped by the structures of our mind.

Question 13

Immanuel Kant
-Kant believes that the things in themselves are known

Accepted Answer

The answer of Immanuel Kant
-Kant believes that the things in...

Question 14

Immanuel Kant
-According to Kant,a priori "intuitions" are possible because

Accepted Answer

Kant believed that a priori intuitions are possible because they are what the mind immediately knows prior to thought, without the need for any prior experience or sensory input. This is the basis for his theory of synthetic a priori knowledge.

Question 15

Immanuel Kant
-Morality is a part of material philosophy because of all of the following reasons except

Accepted Answer

Morality is not solely determined by material human desires and impulses. It also takes into account principles such as justice, fairness, and respect for others that go beyond our individual desires and impulses. Therefore, this reason does not make morality an exclusively material philosophy.

Question 16

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-According to Rousseau,why do most world rulers look after their people?

Accepted Answer

Rousseau believed that rulers often look after their people primarily to exploit them, rather than out of genuine care or obligation. This perspective reflects his critical view of the social contracts and power dynamics of his time.

Question 17

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-What does Rousseau mean by "Man was born free,and everywhere he is in chains"?

Accepted Answer

He observes that most societies are founded on a principle of "might makes right" and force obedience from their subjects.

Question 18

Jean-Jacques Rousseau
-When entering into the social contract,which of the following must the individual give up?

Accepted Answer

When entering into the social contract, the individual must give up some of their natural freedom in exchange for the benefits and protections provided by the government. The other options listed are not necessarily required to be given up in the social contract.

Question 19

Immanuel Kant
-According to Kant,we know ourselves (psychological ideas)

Accepted Answer

Kant believed that we can only know ourselves as we appear to ourselves, which is the phenomenal self, and not as we are in ourselves, which would be the noumenal self.

Question 20

Immanuel Kant
-How does Kant say that our mind experiences intuitions?

Accepted Answer

Kant believes that our mind experiences intuitions in space and time, which he calls the "pure forms of intuition." These pure forms are not derived from experience, but rather they are necessary conditions for having any experience at all. Therefore, intuitions are not sudden flashes of insight (A), nor do they give us the framework for interpreting sense data (B) or formed solely by concepts of understanding (C).

Quiz 1: Ancient Greek Philosophy

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What,according to Rousseau,is the ideal type of society?

Immanuel Kant -Kant believes that talk about metaphysics is only possible if

Immanuel Kant -Kant hopes that metaphysics can be made into an accurate science by

Immanuel Kant -Metaphysics is only possible if we can gain knowledge from statements which are

Immanuel Kant -We cannot make judgments about the metaphysics of the universe as a whole because

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What does Rousseau say is "the real foundation of the society"?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -Under the social contract,if an individual's will goes against the general will,what is to be done,according to Rousseau?

Immanuel Kant -Having shown that metaphysics is unproved and speculative at best,Kant goes on to argue that

Immanuel Kant -The principles on which all empirical knowledge are based

Immanuel Kant -It is possible to know nature a priori because

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What is the "double relation" of individuals to the society under the social contract?

Immanuel Kant -According to Kant,the laws of nature

Immanuel Kant -Kant believes that the things in themselves are known

Immanuel Kant -According to Kant,a priori "intuitions" are possible because

Immanuel Kant -Morality is a part of material philosophy because of all of the following reasons except

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -According to Rousseau,why do most world rulers look after their people?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -What does Rousseau mean by "Man was born free,and everywhere he is in chains"?

Jean-Jacques Rousseau -When entering into the social contract,which of the following must the individual give up?

Immanuel Kant -According to Kant,we know ourselves (psychological ideas)

Immanuel Kant -How does Kant say that our mind experiences intuitions?