Question 1

Which of the following statements about people with psychological disorders is true?

Accepted Answer

Numerous studies have found that those with psychological disorders are more likely to be victims of crime rather than perpetrators. Focusing only on gun restrictions for the mentally ill is not an effective way to reduce gun violence, as the vast majority of people with mental illness do not engage in violent behavior.

Question 2

Brian often interrupts his teacher while she is speaking and frequently forgets to complete his homework assignments.He also has difficulty taking turns in playground games with classmates.Brian most clearly exhibits symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Brian exhibits symptoms of ADHD which include interrupting others, forgetfulness, and difficulty with turn-taking. None of the other options fit his symptoms as well.

Question 3

Which of the following is a better predictor of violence than simply having a psychological disorder?

Accepted Answer

While having a psychological disorder can increase the risk of violence, research has shown that a combination of factors including the use of alcohol or drugs, a history of previous violence, and access to guns, are all better predictors of violent behavior than having a psychological disorder alone. Therefore, all of these factors together are the best predictor of violence.

Question 4

Mental disorders ________ lead to violence and clinical prediction of violence is ________.

Accepted Answer

Mental disorders usually do not lead to violence, and the clinical prediction of violence is generally considered unreliable due to the complexity of human behavior and the limitations of predictive tools.

Question 5

Stephanie is now 40 years old and suffers from major depressive disorder.She remembers a time in her life when she did not have the disorder.At what age did she likely develop the disorder?

Accepted Answer

Major depressive disorder typically develops in late adolescence or early adulthood, with the average age of onset being mid-20s. Therefore, it is most likely that Stephanie developed the disorder around age 25. Options A, B, and C are too early in life for the development of major depressive disorder.

Question 6

The U.S.National Institute of Mental Health has estimated that just over 1 in ________ adult Americans currently have a "mental,behavioral,or emotional disorder currently or have had one within the past year."

Accepted Answer

The U.S. National Institute of Mental Health estimates that just over 1 in 5 adult Americans currently have a mental, behavioral, or emotional disorder currently or have had one within the past year, indicating a significant prevalence of mental health issues in the adult population.

Question 7

An integrated understanding of psychological disorders in terms of stressful memories,evolutionary processes,and gender roles is most clearly provided by

Accepted Answer

A biopsychosocial approach integrates biological, psychological, and social factors to understand psychological disorders, including the role of stressful memories, evolutionary processes, and gender roles. Field trials simply refer to testing interventions in real-world settings. The medical model focuses mainly on biological factors and treatment through medication. The learning perspective emphasizes the role of conditioning and reinforcement in the development of psychological disorders.

Question 8

After Anika learned that her history professor had suffered an anxiety disorder,she concluded that the professor's tendency to talk loudly was simply a way of disguising feelings of personal insecurity.This best illustrates the

Accepted Answer

The question implies that the professor may have been unfairly labeled as simply having a tendency to talk loudly when in fact there was an underlying psychological issue at play. This highlights the biasing power of diagnostic labels - they can lead us to make assumptions and oversimplify complex issues.

Question 9

Which of the following psychological disorders was reported by more people in the United States in 2015?

Accepted Answer

According to a survey conducted by the National Institute of Mental Health in 2015, social anxiety disorder was reported by more people in the United States than obsessive-compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, or posttraumatic stress disorder.

Question 10

Which of the following people is LEAST likely to commit a violent crime?

Accepted Answer

Individuals with anxiety disorders are typically not prone to violent behavior. While A, B, and D all have factors that could increase the likelihood of committing a violent crime (history of violence, access to a weapon, and intoxication), individuals with anxiety disorders are not typically associated with violent behavior.

Question 11

After conducting 90-minute interviews of thousands of people,the World Health Organization estimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 28 countries.Which area had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders?

Accepted Answer

According to the given information, the WHO conducted interviews and estimated the number of prior-year mental disorders in 28 countries. Among these countries, Nigeria had the lowest rate of diagnosed psychological disorders. Therefore, the correct choice is B, Nigeria.

Question 12

The diagnostic labels provided by the DSM-5 help mental health professionals to do all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 provides diagnostic labels to describe the characteristics of a patient's symptoms and to standardize communication between mental health care professionals. It also helps with treatment planning. However, it does not predict who is susceptible to a psychological disorder, as individual risk factors and life circumstances vary.

Question 13

Which of the following statements about the DSM-5 is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The statement that the DSM-5 is of little practical value to mental health workers because it does not predict the future course of a disorder is false. The DSM-5 is a valuable tool for mental health workers in providing a common language for communication, describing specific diagnostic criteria, and guiding treatment decisions. However, it is not designed to predict the future course of a disorder.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of the immigrant paradox?

Accepted Answer

The immigrant paradox refers to the phenomenon in which immigrants and their children have better health outcomes than their American-born counterparts, despite facing social and economic disadvantages. Choice A exemplifies this paradox as Mexican-Americans born in the United States (who are no longer considered immigrants) have a higher risk of mental disorder than recent Mexican immigrants.

Question 15

If individuals expect someone labeled as mentally ill to be hostile,they may act in unfriendly ways that provoke that person to respond with hostility.This illustrates the dangers of

Accepted Answer

This illustrates the dangers of self-fulfilling prophecies, where expectations lead to behaviors that cause the expectation to come true. In this case, the expectation that someone labeled as mentally ill will be hostile leads to unfriendly behavior, which in turn provokes hostility, fulfilling the original expectation.

Question 16

An intense fear of spiders isn't considered a psychological disorder unless

Accepted Answer

An intense fear of spiders, known as arachnophobia, is a common fear among many individuals. It is not considered a psychological disorder unless it interferes with their normal day-to-day life. For example, if someone with arachnophobia avoids going outside or experiencing anxiety attacks when they encounter a spider, then it may be considered a psychological disorder that requires treatment. However, if someone simply has a fear of spiders but is still able to function normally in their daily life, it is not classified as a disorder.

Question 17

Tim has suffered from antisocial personality disorder for as long as he can remember.At what age did he likely develop the disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Tim has suffered from antisocial personality disorder...

Question 18

The ability of mental health professionals to quickly communicate the characteristics of their patients' complex symptoms is most clearly facilitated by the use of

Accepted Answer

Diagnostic labels provide a standardized language and shorthand for communicating complex symptoms among mental health professionals. This can facilitate quicker and more efficient communication and treatment planning.

Question 19

The few people with psychological disorders who do commit violent acts tend to be those who

Accepted Answer

People with psychological disorders who commit violent acts typically experience threatening delusions and hallucinated voices that command them to act, have suffered a financial crisis or lost relationship, or abuse substances. These factors can increase the likelihood of violence. While sleep deprivation, agoraphobia, distinct personalities, panic attacks, free-floating anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder may cause distress and impairment, they are typically not associated with violent behavior.

Question 20

The symptoms of ________ are likely to appear at an earlier age than the symptoms of ________.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that symptoms of antisocial personality disorder tend to emerge in adolescence or early adulthood, while symptoms of schizophrenia typically become apparent in early adulthood.

Quiz 48: Anxiety Disorders