Question 1

When selecting research scientists,a personality test that measures the "adjustment" factor would probably be more appropriate than one measuring the "intellectual openness" factor.

Accepted Answer

The "intellectual openness" factor is more relevant for research scientists as it measures creativity, curiosity, and openness to new ideas, which are crucial traits for innovation and scientific inquiry. The "adjustment" factor, while important, is less directly related to the core functions of a research scientist's role.

Question 2

An organization looking to hire political lobbyists probably should try to hire individuals with an external locus of control and high self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Organizations typically seek individuals with an internal locus of control for lobbying roles, as these individuals believe they can influence outcomes through their actions, which is crucial for effective lobbying. High self-esteem is beneficial, but the locus of control is more relevant to their potential effectiveness in such roles.

Question 3

Social empathy refers to recognizing one's emotions,strengths and limitations,and capabilities an how these affect others.

Accepted Answer

Social empathy involves understanding and sharing the feelings of others, particularly in the context of social groups and societal issues, rather than focusing on one's own emotions and capabilities.

Question 4

An organization looking to hire political lobbyists probably should try to hire individuals with an internal locus of control and high self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Political lobbying requires individuals who are confident in their ability to influence political decision-making and are comfortable taking initiative and responsibility for their work. People with a strong internal locus of control believe that they have control over their lives and their circumstances, which can be helpful in navigating the political landscape. High self-esteem can give lobbyists the courage and conviction needed to advocate effectively for their clients' interests.

Question 5

An organization looking to hire political lobbyists should pay little attention to applicants sense of self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

A lobbyist's sense of self-esteem can significantly impact their confidence, communication skills, and ability to effectively advocate for an organization's interests, making it an important consideration during the hiring process.

Question 6

Agreeableness is the extent to which a person believes that he or she is a worthwhile and deserving individual.

Accepted Answer

Agreeableness is actually a personality trait characterized by being cooperative, compassionate, and considerate towards others. It does not necessarily relate to one's beliefs about their own worth or deservingness as an individual.

Question 7

Self esteem refers to recognizing one's emotions,strengths and limitations,and capabilities an how these affect others.

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem refers to an individual's overall subjective emotional evaluation of their own worth. It is the decision made by an individual as an attitude towards the self. Recognizing one's emotions, strengths, and limitations, and understanding how these affect others, is more accurately described as self-awareness or emotional intelligence.

Question 8

Individuals who have a high external locus of control believe that chance,fate,or other people primarily determine what happens to them.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with a high external locus of control tend to believe that external factors, such as chance, fate, or other people, have a greater influence on their lives than their own actions or decisions. This is in contrast to individuals with a high internal locus of control, who believe that their own actions and decisions play a larger role in determining their outcomes.

Question 9

Although each personality factor represents a collection of related traits,the link between personality and specific behaviors often is most clear when we focus one of the five factors rather than a single trait.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although each personality factor represents a collection...

Question 10

Intellectual openness refers to how well an individual handles herself and others.

Accepted Answer

Intellectual openness actually refers to an individual's willingness to consider new and diverse ideas, perspectives, and information, and to be open to changing their beliefs and opinions based on evidence and rational arguments. It is not directly related to interpersonal skills or how well someone handles themselves and others.

Question 11

Self-motivation refers to the ability of a person to influence others.

Accepted Answer

Self-motivation refers to the ability of a person to motivate and drive themselves towards a certain goal or objective, it does not necessarily involve influencing others.

Question 12

Emotional intelligence refers to how well an individual handles herself and others.

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence is the ability to recognize, understand and manage one's own emotions while also being able to perceive and influence the emotions of others. Thus, it is related to how well an individual handles herself and others.

Question 13

Self-esteem results from an individual's inherited characteristics.

Accepted Answer

Self-esteem is not solely determined by inherited characteristics, but rather by a combination of genetic, environmental, and social factors. It can be influenced by experiences, relationships, and personal achievements, as well as internal factors such as thoughts and beliefs.

Question 14

Self-awareness refers to recognizing one's emotions,strengths and limitations,and capabilities an how these affect others.

Accepted Answer

Self-awareness involves understanding and acknowledging one's own emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and how these factors impact others.

Question 15

Less socialable people are usually called extraverts.

Accepted Answer

Less socialable people are actually called introverts, not extraverts. Extraverts are typically outgoing and socially confident individuals.

Question 16

Social empathy refers to sensing what others need in order for them to develop.

Accepted Answer

Social empathy is the ability to understand and feel the experiences and emotions of others, including their needs and desires. Therefore, social empathy does involve sensing what others need in order to support their development.

Question 17

The attributes of emotional intelligence include self-awareness,social empathy,self-motivation,and social skills.

Accepted Answer

The attributes of emotional intelligence include self-awareness, social awareness, self-regulation, motivation, and social skills.

Question 18

Although each personality factor represents a collection of related traits,the link between personality and specific behaviors often is most clear when we focus on a single trait rather than one of the five factors.

Accepted Answer

Focusing on a single trait can provide more clarity on the link between that trait and specific behaviors, as opposed to looking at a broader personality factor which encompasses multiple traits.

Question 19

Workers with high self-esteem do not like to take risks in selecting a job,less likely to choose unconventional or nontraditional jobs than are individuals with low self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Workers with high self-esteem are more likely to take risks and explore nontraditional or unconventional job options, as they have confidence in their abilities and are less constrained by societal norms or expectations. Individuals with low self-esteem may be more risk-averse and conformist in their career choices.

Question 20

The single dimension among the Big Five personality factors that would be most appropriate for use in selecting employees across the broadest range of occupations is the conscientiousness factor.

Accepted Answer

Conscientiousness is a broad dimension that encompasses traits such as responsibility, self-discipline, and organization. These traits are generally seen as desirable in many different occupations and can apply to a wide range of tasks and job requirements. Therefore, conscientiousness is a good predictor of job performance across a broad range of occupations and industries.

Quiz 3: Understanding Individual Differences: Part A