Question 1

Social cognition is the study of how people

Accepted Answer

Social cognition is the study of how people think about themselves and the social world, including how they perceive, remember, and interpret information about others. It focuses on how individuals use cognitive processes to make sense of social interactions and behaviors of themselves and others. It also examines how individuals use social information to make judgments and decisions.

Question 2

Dimitri went through a lot of hard work during basic training in the Army.At times,drill sergeants yelled at him; he was physically exhausted and emotionally distressed.But,at the end of Basic Training,he felt that joining the Army had been a very good decision.The self-esteem explanation for Dimitri's feelings about Basic Training is

Accepted Answer

The self-esteem explanation proposes that individuals must justify their suffering to maintain their self-esteem. Dimitri's positive feelings about Basic Training can be seen as a justification for enduring the difficult experience, allowing him to maintain his self-esteem.

Question 3

According to the authors of your text,in the social cognition approach,a major hallmark of being human is

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors of your text,in...

Question 4

According to social cognition researchers,we sometimes have difficulty making sense of the social world because we

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to social cognition researchers,we sometimes have...

Question 5

Social psychological research has convincingly demonstrated that the ____ the initiation to join a group,the ____ the initiates like the group.

Accepted Answer

Research in social psychology has shown that the more severe the initiation to join a group, the more the initiates tend to like the group. This phenomenon is explained by the effort justification aspect of cognitive dissonance theory, where individuals rationalize the effort they put into joining a group by increasing their liking for the group.

Question 6

Julia eats granola bars and avoids chocolate bars,even though the granola bars contain 50 percent more fat and 15 percent more sodium than the chocolate bars.According to a social cognition approach,why might that be? Julia

Accepted Answer

The answer of Julia eats granola bars and avoids chocolate...

Question 7

Many fraternities,sororities,and sports teams have initiation rituals.For example,at one school,all the members of the soccer team must wear unusual clothing everywhere on campus for an entire day and then have embarrassing haircuts.These rituals try to capitalize on the role of ____ in increasing commitment via self-justification.

Accepted Answer

These rituals involve a form of suffering or discomfort, which participants are likely to justify by increasing their commitment to the group, aligning with the concept of self-justification.

Question 8

The social cognition approach is based on the notion that humans are often motivated to

Accepted Answer

The social cognition approach emphasizes the way people think about and make sense of their social worlds. This includes their motivations to be accurate in their perceptions and inferences about their surroundings.

Question 9

Leslie cannot say "no" to anyone.Consequently she takes on too much,and doesn't fulfill her commitments as promptly as she might.Assume that when asked to explain these behaviors,Leslie is motivated to be accurate in her self-perceptions.What would she be most likely to say?

Accepted Answer

Choice C acknowledges Leslie's tendency to take on too much and not fulfill her commitments, while also admitting to being a pushover and taking on more than she can handle. This self-perception is more accurate and takes responsibility for her behavior. The other choices provide excuses or deflect responsibility.

Question 10

You might have heard the old Groucho Marx quip,"I wouldn't belong to any club that would have me for a member." From a self-esteem perspective in social psychology,what would be a more accurate-if less humorous-statement?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You might have heard the old Groucho...

Question 11

Human beings are often motivated to construe themselves and the social world accurately.The ____ approach is based on this assumption.

Accepted Answer

The social cognition approach emphasizes on the role of cognitive processes in interpreting and understanding the social world, including ourselves. It assumes that humans are motivated to construct accurate perceptions of themselves and their environment, which influences their behavior and decision-making. Therefore, the social cognition approach best fits the description of the belief that humans are motivated to construe themselves and the social world accurately.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is not consistent with the social cognition approach to social psychology?

Accepted Answer

The social cognition approach to social psychology emphasizes how people process information about others and the social world. This approach recognizes that people try to view the world as accurately as possible but also acknowledges that people can make errors in their perceptions and judgments. However, the approach does not suggest that people tend to deliberately distort reality to make themselves look good, as stated in choice C.

Question 13

Research by social psychologists has demonstrated that the more unpleasant the hazing required of initiates to join a group,the more they actually like the group.What do these findings suggest about a behaviorist approach?

Accepted Answer

The findings suggest that behaviorists may have trouble explaining social behaviors, as the behaviorist approach focuses mainly on the relationship between behavior and its consequences (reinforcement and punishment) rather than the complex social dynamics that may drive behavior. These findings suggest that social factors may play a larger role in shaping behavior than behaviorists may have previously realized.

Question 14

Melissa,Sally,Kathleen,and Lynne went mountain climbing.According to the self-justification approach,which one of the women would most appreciate the view from the top of the mountain?

Accepted Answer

Sally would most appreciate the view because, according to the self-justification approach, the effort and pain (pulling a muscle and getting scratched by thorns) she endured would make her value the achievement more.

Question 15

The social cognition approach compares people to amateur

Accepted Answer

The social cognition approach compares people to amateur detectives because they interpret and infer information about the social world by gathering clues, making hypotheses, and testing them through a process of trial and error. They also use cognitive shortcuts, known as heuristics, to make quick judgments and decisions based on limited information, similar to detectives making snap judgments while on the job.

Question 16

Which of the following questions would be of most interest to a social cognition researcher?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following questions would be...

Question 17

Which of the following situations is at odds with the self-esteem approach to understanding human behavior?

Accepted Answer

The self-esteem approach emphasizes the importance of maintaining and enhancing one's sense of self-esteem. In situation D, Jorge is not maintaining or enhancing his self-esteem by participating in an activity that he hates and that may make him feel embarrassed or ashamed. This is at odds with the self-esteem approach. Situations A, B, and C may involve individuals engaging in behaviors that are not necessarily enjoyable or easy, but they are still consistent with the self-esteem approach if the individuals feel that they are succeeding, growing, or pursuing important goals.

Question 18

Julie and Tina have a very exclusive club.In order to make new members loyal and really enjoy being part of the club,Julie says new members should be rewarded for their good behaviors in the club.Tina,however,suggests that they use an embarrassing initiation.In this example,Julie is taking a ____ approach,while Tina is taking a ____ approach.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Julie and Tina have a very exclusive...

Question 19

The ____ approach portrays humans as akin to Sherlock Holmes,who tries his best to accurately make sense of the facts.

Accepted Answer

The social cognition approach focuses on how people interpret, analyze, and remember information about themselves and others. It often uses the analogy of people as cognitive detectives, trying to make sense of social situations and interactions. This is similar to the way Sherlock Holmes approaches crime-solving, making social cognition approach the best fit for the given statement.

Question 20

Assume that,contrary to research findings,people who undergo a severe initiation to join a group actually like the group less than do people who undergo a mild initiation.If these findings were true,they would provide support for a ____ approach to social influence.

Accepted Answer

The finding that a severe initiation leads to less liking of the group is a behavioral outcome, which supports a behaviorist approach to social influence. This approach emphasizes the importance of observable behavior and environmental stimuli in shaping behavior. In contrast, social cognitive theory emphasizes the role of internal cognitive processes, self-esteem theory emphasizes the role of self-evaluation, and Gestalt theory emphasizes the holistic perception of social situations.

Quiz 1: Introducing Social Psychology