Question 1

What can be said about sensitive windows for language acquisition?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that both spoken and sign languages are subject to sensitive periods for acquisition, meaning that learning them at a younger age typically results in more native-like proficiency.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about the relationships between authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles is true?

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parenting is characterized by a high level of parental warmth and the use of democratic reasoning, while authoritarian parenting is characterized by a low level of warmth and the use of strict control and discipline. Studies have shown that authoritative parenting is associated with positive outcomes for children, such as better academic performance, higher self-esteem, and greater emotional regulation, while authoritarian parenting can lead to psychological problems such as anxiety and depression. Therefore, option B is the correct statement.

Question 3

The Westermarcks,a large American family with growing sons and daughters,need to build a new house,and are particularly concerned about making appropriate sleeping arrangements.Based on Shweder and colleagues' research,which moral principle will the family consider the most important?

Accepted Answer

The Westermarcks' concern about appropriate sleeping arrangements indicates that they want to adhere to the moral principle of incest avoidance. This principle mandates that sexual relations should not occur between close relatives, and thus sleeping arrangements that avoid close proximity between family members are important.

Question 4

American and Chinese children were recruited for a study.All children were either thirteen years old or five years old.They were first told that a child was happy every day the past week;then they were asked to predict the likelihood that the child would be happy tomorrow.To analyze the data,researchers matched 13-year-old American children's responses to those of the 13-year-old Chinese children.The same was done with the 5-year-old children's responses.Which of the following would be most likely to occur with this analysis?

Accepted Answer

Older children, such as the 13-year-olds, are more likely to be influenced by cultural factors and cognitive development, leading to greater differences in predictions between American and Chinese children compared to the younger 5-year-olds.

Question 5

Two parents are trying to plan sleeping arrangements for their three children: a 15-year-old daughter,a 3-year-old son,and a 2-year-old daughter.They decide that the 2-year-old would sleep alone,while the 15-year-old and the 3-year-old would sleep in the same room.The parents would sleep separately.According to this arrangement,which of the following principles was violated?

Accepted Answer

Protection of the vulnerable is violated because the 15-year-old and the 3-year-old are sleeping in the same room, which could put the younger child at risk.

Question 6

Research with infants and the perception of phonemes reveals that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research with infants and the perception of...

Question 7

The Blurgs,an alien family from Neptune,want to build a new house.This family consists of a father,a mother,a 20-year-old son,a 10-year-old son,and a baby daughter.When deciding on sleeping arrangements,the people of Neptune greatly value respect for hierarchy,as defined by Shweder and colleagues in their study examining cultural differences between the Americans and Indians in sleeping arrangements.Which of the following most accurately reflects this value?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Blurgs,an alien family from Neptune,want to...

Question 8

Jack and Jill are two parents who place great emphasis on the value of the sacred couple.They also have a postpubescent son,a prepubescent daughter,and a toddler son.What sleeping arrangement are they most likely going to have?

Accepted Answer

Since Jack and Jill place great emphasis on the value of the sacred couple, it is likely that they would sleep in the same room, separate from their children. This allows them to maintain their intimacy and prioritize their relationship while still being available to their children if needed.

Question 9

The Parkers are an American family planning for how their family members will be sleeping.The moral value that will NOT be reflected in their sleeping arrangements is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Parkers are an American family planning...

Question 10

Wan-Ying wants to use the jiào xun type of parenting on her child.What is she NOT likely to do?

Accepted Answer

The jiào xun type of parenting involves closely observing and directing a child's behavior to ensure they are following cultural norms and values. However, allowing a child to play games while being watched closely is not directly related to cultural norms and values. Therefore, Wan-Ying is not likely to do this.

Question 11

Shweder and colleagues found that Indian parents are more likely to sleep in the same room with their children than are American parents.Given their studies,which of these is the most compelling explanation for their results?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Shweder and colleagues found that Indian parents...

Question 12

Which of the following is/are accessibility universals?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is/are accessibility universals?
...

Question 13

Shawna,a mother from the United Kingdom,is trying to determine which parenting style she should use with her child to maximize the child's school achievement,autonomy,and self-reliance.According to Baumrind's typology as found among Western samples,which parenting style should she use?

Accepted Answer

According to Baumrind's typology, authoritative parenting is associated with higher levels of school achievement, autonomy, and self-reliance. This parenting style is characterized by setting clear rules and boundaries while also being responsive to the child's needs and providing warmth and support. This allows the child to develop a sense of independence and responsibility while also feeling secure and loved. Tiger Mom parenting and jiào xun parenting are both associated with high academic achievement but can involve harsh and controlling methods that may not promote autonomy and self-reliance. Permissive parenting and authoritarian parenting are both associated with lower levels of school achievement and may not promote autonomy and self-reliance in the same way as authoritative parenting.

Question 14

As a parent,Leslie thinks that he should place as few restrictions on his children as possible,and give them the warmth and responsiveness that children need.What parenting style is this indicative of?

Accepted Answer

This parenting style is indicative of permissive parenting, which involves placing very few restrictions on children and being warm and responsive to their needs.

Question 15

Lee Hom and Eason are 25-year-old Hong Kong natives who have recently moved to Canada after having lived in Hong Kong all their lives.Based on research into a sensitive period for cultural adjustment,which of the following best characterizes their adjustment to Canada?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lee Hom and Eason are 25-year-old Hong...

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about parent-child interactions across cultures?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that urban European mothers spend less time in physical contact with their infants compared to rural mothers, and this difference is not seen in other cultures. Therefore, option D is the correct statement about parent-child interactions across cultures. Option A and E are not entirely true, as the roles and time spent in contact with infants by mothers vary across cultures. Option B is not specific enough to apply to all cultures. Option C is partially true, but it only applies to European mothers, and is not seen in other cultures.

Question 17

Xing,a Chinese stockbroker,and Joe,a Canadian stockbroker,are being asked to predict the trend of a stock that has been gaining value for the past three years.Xing likely thinks the stock will _____________,and Joe likely thinks the stock will _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Xing,a Chinese stockbroker,and Joe,a Canadian stockbroker,are being...

Question 18

The Singhs,an Indian family,are trying to decide on room arrangements for a new house that they are building.Which of the following moral principles is likely to be the LEAST important for this family?

Accepted Answer

In many Indian families, the concept of the "sacred couple" is less emphasized compared to other moral principles like respect for hierarchy, protection of the vulnerable, female chastity anxiety, and incest avoidance, which are more culturally significant.

Question 19

Korean differs from English in that English has an /f/ and a /p/ phoneme,whereas Korean lacks the /f/ phoneme.To many Koreans,these two phonemes sound the same.Applying what is discussed in the textbook about language acquisition to Ji-su,a Korean,which of the following would you most likely expect to occur?

Accepted Answer

Young children have the ability to perceive phonetic differences in any language, but this ability diminishes with age if those differences are not present in their native language.

Question 20

In what way does exposure to a language at a young age affect our abilities to discriminate between different sounds?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In what way does exposure to a...

Quiz 5: Development and Socialization