Question 1

Faustino is examining the allergy effects of different brands of men's cologne.He has collected 40 people for each of the cologne conditions and has approximately 300 participants among the conditions.Faustino has set up his study to use a:

Accepted Answer

Faustino has collected different groups of people for each of the cologne conditions, indicating that he is using a between-subjects design.

Question 2

Which of the following is a possible solution to a threat of internal validity?

Accepted Answer

Using a comparison group not exposed to the treatment can help to control for the effect of other variables on the outcome measure, reducing the threat to internal validity. A, B, and C do not directly address internal validity threats and may not be effective solutions.

Question 3

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an advantage...

Question 4

Unlike pretest-posttest designs,repeated-measures designs do NOT include a:

Accepted Answer

Repeated-measures designs involve measuring the same individuals multiple times under different conditions, so there is no need for a baseline measurement as the individuals themselves serve as their own baseline. Case studies, sensitization effects, and instrumentation can all be present in repeated-measures designs depending on the specific study design.

Question 5

Mr.Lim has been struggling with the onset of early dementia.He is having a very hard time remembering his address,his grandchildren's names,and his daily routine.Mr.Lim was accepted into a clinical trial for a new drug to test its effectiveness compared with other medications on the market in slowing down the symptoms of dementia.Mr.Lim,without his knowledge,was placed in the placebo group and many of the other participants were randomly selected for placement in five different medication groups.Mr.Lim was initially assessed;he was given a sugar pill for the next 6 months with periodic neurocognitive assessments to monitor any change.Mr.Lim was part of what type of research design?

Accepted Answer

Mr.Lim was placed in a group receiving no treatment (placebo) while other participants were placed in different medication groups. This indicates a between-subjects design where participants are assigned to different treatments or conditions.

Question 6

Dr.Nolan conducted an attention task study on Monday,Wednesday,and Friday this week.The same participants attended each of the study workshops.During the Wednesday workshop the fire alarm was set off and all occupants had to vacate the building for 30 minutes.What should Dr.Nolan be most concerned with?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Nolan conducted an attention task study on...

Question 7

Mr.Lim has been struggling with the onset of early dementia.He is having a very hard time remembering his address,his grandchildren's names,and his daily routine.Mr.Lim was accepted into a clinical trial for a new drug to test its effectiveness compared with other medications on the market in slowing down the symptoms of dementia.Mr.Lim would transition to each medication group every 3 months.In each group Mr.Lim was initially assessed with periodic neurocognitive assessments to monitor any change.Mr.Lim was part of what type of research design?

Accepted Answer

Mr. Lim was part of a within-subjects design because he transitioned to each medication group every 3 months and was assessed with neurocognitive assessments at the beginning of each group. This design allows for the comparison of the same individual's performance on multiple treatments.

Question 8

In a _____ participants are repeatedly measured on the dependent variable over time.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a _____ participants are repeatedly measured...

Question 9

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects designs require fewer research participants because each participant serves as their own control group, making it unnecessary to recruit additional participants for comparison.

Question 10

Randall is interested in using his psychology classmates to test various brand name and off-brand cereals for his marketing class.He has approximately 75 people in his class.What type of design is he using?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Randall is interested in using his psychology...

Question 11

Dr.Hasimoto lectured on the differences between within-subjects designs and between-subjects designs and noted that a within-subjects design enhances the power of studies because:

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects designs involve comparing the same individuals across different conditions, which reduces the impact of individual differences on the results. This can improve the power of the study as it allows for more accurate detection of differences between conditions. Therefore, option D, which states that a within-subjects design reduces issues with individual differences between conditions, is the correct answer.

Question 12

Unlike the between-subjects design,within-subjects designs use:

Accepted Answer

Within-subjects designs use the same participants for all levels or conditions of the independent variable. This allows for individual differences to be controlled and reduces the need for a large sample size.

Question 13

Faustino is examining the allergy effects of different brands of men's cologne.He has collected 40 people for each of the cologne conditions and has approximately 300 participants among the conditions.However,Faustino's research question can only truly be tested if he uses the same participants in all conditions,otherwise he will not have standardized the various allergy conditions and it will be difficult to draw conclusions regarding the cologne's likeliness to cause an allergic reaction.Faustino may want to consider re-designing his study to use a:

Accepted Answer

A within-subjects design (also known as a repeated measures design) involves using the same group of participants across all conditions. This would allow Faustino to standardize the allergy conditions and directly compare the effects of different cologne brands on the same individuals. A between-subjects design would involve using different groups of participants for each cologne brand, and a mixed factorial design would involve manipulating more than one independent variable (in addition to cologne brand) which may not be necessary for Faustino's research question. A correlational design would not allow Faustino to manipulate the independent variable (cologne brand) and would not allow for causal conclusions about the relationship between cologne and allergies.

Question 14

In between-subjects designs _____ participants are measured at different times and in different conditions.

Accepted Answer

In between-subjects designs, different participants are assigned to different conditions or groups, so they are measured in different conditions. This is in contrast to within-subjects designs, where the same participants are measured in different conditions at different times.

Question 15

Eun Lee is currently the educator for the special education classroom in a local elementary school.She has recently been awarded a grant to test the efficacy of using a computer software program to increase the students' verbalizations and reading comprehension.Eun Lee decides to include an initial assessment and monitor the students after each module is completed on the computer program.Eun Lee is using a:

Accepted Answer

Eun Lee is using a within-subjects design because she is testing the same group of students before and after each module on the computer program. This allows her to compare their verbalizations and reading comprehension before and after using the program. A mixed factorial design would involve manipulating two or more independent variables and measuring their effects on the dependent variable, which is not the case here. A between-subjects design would involve comparing two or more groups of participants who receive different treatments, which is also not what Eun Lee is doing. A correlational design would involve measuring the relationship between two variables, which is not the primary focus of Eun Lee's study.

Question 16

Dr.Ito wanted to use a between-subjects design for examining food preferences for males only.He has four different conditions.How many participants would Dr.Ito need?

Accepted Answer

Since Dr. Ito wants to use a between-subjects design and examine food preferences for males only, he would need to have four different groups or conditions of male participants. Therefore, he would need a total of 120 male participants (30 participants in each condition) to ensure adequate statistical power and to reduce the potential for confounding variables. Option A and D would not be large enough samples for a meaningful analysis, and Option C includes both males and females, which is not what Dr. Ito wants for his study.

Question 17

Dr.Rappaport is studying short-term memory and attention in relation to a simple and repetitive cognitive task.However,starting in the fifth hour of the 10-hour study he noticed the participants start to yawn and take coffee breaks.Not only were the participants fatigued,but they also were jumpy due to the increased caffeine intake.What should Dr.Rappaport be concerned with?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Rappaport is studying short-term memory and attention...

Question 18

Unlike within-subjects designs,between-subjects designs use:

Accepted Answer

Between-subjects designs involve using different participants for each group or condition being compared. This allows for independent comparisons across groups and reduces the potential for the participants' prior experiences or reactions to influence the results. Therefore, options A, B, and C are incorrect as they all assume the use of the same measures or participants.

Question 19

If Dr.Tolam wanted to use a within-subjects design for examining computer literacy with various programs,how many participants would Dr.Tolam need?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If Dr.Tolam wanted to use a within-subjects...

Question 20

Individual differences are handled in between-subject designs by using:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Individual differences are handled in between-subject designs...

Quiz 10: B: Within-Subjects Designs: Can Watching Reality Tv Shows Be Good for Us

Faustino is examining the allergy effects of different brands of men's cologne.He has collected 40 people for each of the cologne conditions and has approximately 300 participants among the conditions.Faustino has set up his study to use a:

Which of the following is a possible solution to a threat of internal validity?

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

Unlike pretest-posttest designs,repeated-measures designs do NOT include a:

In a _____ participants are repeatedly measured on the dependent variable over time.

Which of the following is an advantage of within-subjects designs?

Randall is interested in using his psychology classmates to test various brand name and off-brand cereals for his marketing class.He has approximately 75 people in his class.What type of design is he using?

Dr.Hasimoto lectured on the differences between within-subjects designs and between-subjects designs and noted that a within-subjects design enhances the power of studies because:

Unlike the between-subjects design,within-subjects designs use:

In between-subjects designs _____ participants are measured at different times and in different conditions.

Dr.Ito wanted to use a between-subjects design for examining food preferences for males only.He has four different conditions.How many participants would Dr.Ito need?

Unlike within-subjects designs,between-subjects designs use:

If Dr.Tolam wanted to use a within-subjects design for examining computer literacy with various programs,how many participants would Dr.Tolam need?

Individual differences are handled in between-subject designs by using: