Question 1

Greater variability and a larger standard deviation within a dataset suggests:
A) greater heterogeneity.
B) greater homogeneity.
C) greater consistency.
D) uniformity.

Accepted Answer

Greater variability and a larger standard deviation indicate that the data points are more spread out, suggesting that there is greater heterogeneity within the dataset. This means there is more diversity or differences in values among the data points, rather than them being similar or consistent.

Question 2

When including a write-up for a correlation in the results section of a manuscript you must include both ______ and direction.
A) magnitude
B) standard deviation
C) factor rotation
D) factor loading

Accepted Answer

When reporting a correlation, it is important to include both the magnitude (strength) of the correlation and the direction (positive or negative). This information allows readers to understand the degree of association between the variables and the nature of that association. Standard deviation, factor rotation, and factor loading are not relevant when reporting a correlation.

Question 3

A small degree of variability and a small standard deviation within a set of scores suggests:
A) greater heterogeneity.
B) greater homogeneity.
C) greater discrepancy.
D) greater randomness.

Accepted Answer

A small degree of variability and a small standard deviation indicates that the scores in the set are clustered closely together, suggesting greater homogeneity. The smaller the standard deviation, the more tightly grouped the scores are around the mean.

Question 4

When including a write-up for a correlation in the results section of a manuscript you must include both magnitude and:
A) strength.
B) standard deviation.
C) direction.
D) factor loading.

Accepted Answer

When reporting a correlation, you must include both the magnitude (how strong the relationship is) and the direction (whether it is positive or negative). Standard deviation and factor loading are not relevant for reporting a correlation.

Question 5

A correlation is a statistic that represents the degree to which two variables are ______ related.
A) curvilinearly
B) logistically
C) nonlinearly
D) linearly

Accepted Answer

A correlation measures the linear relationship between two variables, meaning that changes in one variable are associated with proportional changes in the other variable. While variables may have other types of relationships (e.g. curvilinear, nonlinear, logistic), correlations specifically measure the degree of linear association.

Question 6

When discussing the Cronbach's alpha with regard to a measure of sensation seeking,Ricardo realized that the Cronbach's alpha evaluates the ______ of a scale.
A) kappa
B) beta
C) internal consistency
D) test-retest reliability

Accepted Answer

Cronbach's alpha is a measure of internal consistency, which evaluates how closely related a set of items are as a group; it assesses whether the items in a scale are measuring the same underlying construct. Therefore, the correct answer is C) internal consistency. Kappa is a measure of inter-rater reliability, beta is a measure of the risk of an investment, and test-retest reliability is a measure of the consistency of a test over time.

Question 7

The larger the standard deviation of a set of scores the more ______the scores are from one another.
A) packed in
B) narrow
C) closer
D) spread out

Accepted Answer

Standard deviation measures the amount of variation or spread in a set of data. Therefore, the larger the standard deviation, the more spread out the scores are from one another.

Question 8

The smaller the standard deviation of a set of scores the more ______ the scores are from one another.
A) packed in
B) narrow
C) closer
D) spread out

Accepted Answer

The answer of The smaller the standard deviation of a...

Question 9

If a scale lacks concurrent validity this suggests a problem with the scale's:
A) construct validity.
B) predictive validity.
C) criterion validity.
D) discriminant validity.

Accepted Answer

Concurrent validity is a type of criterion validity that measures the extent to which scores on a scale are positively related to scores on another criterion measure that is administered at the same time. Therefore, if a scale lacks concurrent validity, it suggests a problem with the ability of the scale to predict the criterion measure accurately. This means that the criterion validity of the scale is compromised, not the construct validity, predictive validity, or discriminant validity.

Question 10

When analyzing the findings of a research longitudinal study,Nori is presented with the following data.Which of the following p values would be suggestive of statistically significant results?
A) p = .20
B) p = .04
C) p = .10
D) p = .08

Accepted Answer

A p value of .04 is typically considered statistically significant, indicating that the results are not likely due to chance. The other p values listed (A, C, and D) are all above the common threshold for statistical significance (.05) and would not be considered suggestive of significant results.

Question 11

A(n)______ is a statistic that represents the degree to which two variables are linearly related.
A) t-test
B) ANOVA
C) ANCOVA
D) correlation

Accepted Answer

A correlation measures the degree of linear relationship between two variables. T-tests, ANOVA, and ANCOVA are tests used to compare groups or analyze the effects of multiple variables.

Question 12

A 2005 study examining social attitudes found that people's attitudes do not necessarily correspond to their:
A) behavior.
B) verbalizations.
C) romantic relationships.
D) friendships.

Accepted Answer

The study found that people's attitudes do not always align with their behavior, meaning that what they say they believe may not translate into what they actually do. This suggests that attitudes can be influenced by a variety of factors beyond personal beliefs and values.

Question 13

Dr.Wilson determined the mean for both experimental groups was the same.However,it is important to not only look at the ______of both groups,but also the variability of data among each group.
A) mode
B) correlates
C) central tendency
D) covariates

Accepted Answer

The mean, or central tendency, of both groups may be the same, but the variability or spread of data within each group could still be different. Therefore, it is essential to look at both the central tendency and variability of data within each group when analyzing experimental results. Mode and covariates are not relevant to this particular issue, and the concept of correlates is too broad and vague to be a suitable answer.

Question 14

The procedure of ______ evaluates the probability of obtaining one's results given the researcher's prediction.
A) hypothesizing
B) statistical hypothesis testing
C) pilot testing
D) validity testing

Accepted Answer

Statistical hypothesis testing is the procedure that evaluates the probability of obtaining one's results given the researcher's prediction. Hypothesizing refers to formulating a research question or hypothesis. Pilot testing is a small-scale preliminary study to validate research instruments or procedures. Validity testing refers to assessing the accuracy and soundness of research findings.

Question 15

Dr.Cortez determined that the mean for both experimental groups was the same.However,it is important to not only look at the central tendency of both groups,but also the ______ of data among each group.
A) mode
B) variability
C) covariates
D) correlates

Accepted Answer

Variability refers to the spread or distribution of data within a group. It is important to look at this in addition to the mean to fully understand the characteristics of the data. The mode refers to the most common value and may not provide information about the spread. Covariates and correlates are not directly related to the spread of data.

Question 16

Naomi used statistical software to calculate the Cronbach's alpha for a measure of impulsivity at $\alpha$= 1.0.This would suggest:
A) too much redundancy among items.
B) too little similarity among items.
C) that the items do not relate to another measure.
D) that the items relate too much to another measure.

Accepted Answer

Cronbach's alpha measures internal consistency and indicates the degree to which items in a measure are related to each other. A Cronbach's alpha of 1.0 suggests that there is perfect consistency among items, which may indicate redundancy among items. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 17

Marianne is writing up the descriptive statistics for a recent experiment she completed.She needs to write-up the standard deviation.Which is the correct symbol for standard deviation?
A) S
B) SD
C) µ
D) $\Omega$

Accepted Answer

The symbol for standard deviation is SD (short for standard deviation). Choice A (S) is the symbol for sample standard deviation. Choice C (µ) is the symbol for population mean. Choice D is not a valid symbol for any statistical concept.

Question 18

Toni is in the process of finalizing tables in her master's thesis manuscript.She double checks the appropriate symbol for probability.Which of the following represents probability?
A) $\alpha$
B) µ
C) p
D) $\Omega$

Accepted Answer

The symbol "p" is commonly used to represent probability in statistical notation. Options A, B, and D are not commonly used symbols to represent probability.

Question 19

Marisol used statistical software to calculate the Cronbach's alpha for a measure of impulsivity at $\alpha$ = 0.0.This would suggest:
A) too much redundancy among items.
B) the items of the scale measure different things.
C) that the items do not relate to another measure.
D) that the items relate too much to another measure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Marisol used statistical software to calculate the...

Quiz 7: B: Survey Design and Scale Construction: Is Going Greek a Great Idea

Greater variability and a larger standard deviation within a dataset suggests:

When including a write-up for a correlation in the results section of a manuscript you must include both ______ and direction.

A small degree of variability and a small standard deviation within a set of scores suggests:

When including a write-up for a correlation in the results section of a manuscript you must include both magnitude and:

A correlation is a statistic that represents the degree to which two variables are ______ related.

When discussing the Cronbach's alpha with regard to a measure of sensation seeking,Ricardo realized that the Cronbach's alpha evaluates the ______ of a scale.

The larger the standard deviation of a set of scores the more ______the scores are from one another.

The smaller the standard deviation of a set of scores the more ______ the scores are from one another.

If a scale lacks concurrent validity this suggests a problem with the scale's:

When analyzing the findings of a research longitudinal study,Nori is presented with the following data.Which of the following p values would be suggestive of statistically significant results?

A(n) ______ is a statistic that represents the degree to which two variables are linearly related.

A 2005 study examining social attitudes found that people's attitudes do not necessarily correspond to their:

Dr.Wilson determined the mean for both experimental groups was the same.However,it is important to not only look at the ______of both groups,but also the variability of data among each group.

The procedure of ______ evaluates the probability of obtaining one's results given the researcher's prediction.

Dr.Cortez determined that the mean for both experimental groups was the same.However,it is important to not only look at the central tendency of both groups,but also the ______ of data among each group.

Naomi used statistical software to calculate the Cronbach's alpha for a measure of impulsivity at $\alpha$ = 1.0.This would suggest:

Marianne is writing up the descriptive statistics for a recent experiment she completed.She needs to write-up the standard deviation.Which is the correct symbol for standard deviation?

Toni is in the process of finalizing tables in her master's thesis manuscript.She double checks the appropriate symbol for probability.Which of the following represents probability?

Marisol used statistical software to calculate the Cronbach's alpha for a measure of impulsivity at $\alpha$ = 0.0.This would suggest: