Question 1

Openness and self-relatedness are important _____________ variables that have been found to be associated with more positive therapy outcomes.

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Question 2

Carl Rogers's concept of genuineness is an important ___________ factor that is strongly related to the effectiveness and efficacy of psychotherapy.

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Question 3

Compared to the tricyclics and MAO inhibitors,the SSRIs are unique in that they only manipulate the levels of the neurotransmitter _____________.

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Question 4

Though lobotomies are hardly ever used today,a modern psychosurgery called a cingulotomy has been found to be an effective treatment for disorders such as depression and ______________ that have not responded to psychotherapy or medication.

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Question 5

Suppose you are working with some challenging and difficult children who have a hard time behaving themselves.For instance,they don't clean up after themselves,they frequently get into verbal arguments or physical fights,and they often refuse to obey adults.Design a token economy system that is intended to change their behaviour.What are two types of punishment that you could use to change their behaviour? What are the disadvantages of using punishment and of the two different types,which type of punishment is generally best to use?

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Question 6

Describe the essential components of the humanistic approach to psychotherapy.According to Carl Rogers,what are the three key characteristics that a therapist should have? Describe Fritz Perls approach to therapy and compare and contrast it with Rogers's.

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Question 7

What are the three types of factors that have been investigated with regard to the effectiveness of psychotherapy? Discuss two or three specific examples of each

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Question 8

What is eclecticism? Describe how psychodynamic behaviour therapy is an example of an eclectic approach.

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Question 9

In psychotherapy research,the question asking about the kinds of therapist,client,and therapy variables that are associated with positive treatment outcomes is known as the _______________.

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Question 10

In his critique of psychotherapy,Hans Eysenck argued that the rate of ___________________ was as high as the success rates reported by psychotherapists thereby indicating that not receiving treatment was as effective as receiving treatment.

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Question 11

In a randomized clinical trial,a(n)_____________ is a group of participants who receive an intervention that is intended to control for expectations but is not expected to be effective.

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Question 12

Suppose you have created a new psychotherapy treatment for anxiety and are interested in evaluating it.Propose a study using randomized clinical trials and a placebo control group.Be sure to mention how you plan to measure improvement or change and how you are going to deal with standardization,follow-up,and any ethical issues in your design.

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Question 13

Based on his survey conducted in cooperation with "Consumer Reports" magazine,Martin Seligman concluded psychotherapy appears to be _____________ as a mode of treatment.

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Question 14

What are the three different classes of antidepressant drugs and how does each one function to reduce the symptoms of depression? For each class,give an example of a drug.Compared to psychotherapy,how effective are these medications? What are some short - and long-term issues associated with the use of these drugs to treat depression?

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Question 15

In the 1930s,people with psychotic or overly aggressive behaviour were treated with a(n)______________,which involved the severing of nerve tracts in the brain.

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Question 16

Describe the therapeutic approach of Albert Ellis.Discuss the components of his ABCD model and explain how people normally interpret the causes of their negative emotions.What types of thoughts did Ellis specifically try to address and change and how did he do this?

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Question 17

Discuss some of the limitations of our current models of psychotherapy.What are three cultural barriers that limit the utilization of psychotherapy by ethnic minorities? What kinds of skills should a culturally competent therapist have?

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Question 18

The revolving door phenomenon was discussed as one of the negative consequences of _________________.

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Question 19

Describe the psychoanalytic approach to therapy.In your discussion,be sure to include the major techniques and concepts of the approach.

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Question 20

A _______________ prevention program is designed to increase the personal coping skills and resources of individuals who may be at risk for particular psychological disorders.

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Quiz 14: Personality