Question 1

The subtype or category of schizophrenia that is characterized by a severe deterioration of adaptive behavior with symptoms of irrational thought, emotional indifference, and social withdrawal is

Accepted Answer

The subtype of schizophrenia that is characterized by severe deterioration of adaptive behavior with symptoms of irrational thought, emotional indifference, and social withdrawal is disorganized schizophrenia.

Question 2

Enos and Amir are both currently 30 years old. Enos' biological mother has schizophrenia, but neither of his adoptive parents have the disorder. In contrast, neither of Amir's biological parents have schizophrenia, however his adoptive mother has schizophrenia. Based on research that has investigated the role of genetic vulnerability in schizophrenic disorders, you should predict that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that having a biological parent with schizophrenia increases an individual's risk of developing the disorder, even if they are adopted and raised by non-schizophrenic parents. In Enos' case, he does have genetic vulnerability through his biological mother, but this is not as strong of a risk factor as having a biological parent with the disorder. In Amir's case, he does not have genetic vulnerability through his biological parents, but having an adoptive mother with schizophrenia puts him at a higher risk. Therefore, Enos is at a slightly increased risk while Amir is at a higher risk for developing schizophrenia.

Question 3

The subtype or category of schizophrenia that can be considered a miscellaneous or "left-over" subtype for individuals who are clearly schizophrenic, but do not show specific symptoms associated with the other subtypes is

Accepted Answer

Undifferentiated schizophrenia is a subtype of schizophrenia that includes individuals who clearly meet the diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia but do not fit into the other subtypes due to a lack of specific symptoms. It is often considered a catch-all or miscellaneous subtype.

Question 4

A person who has a relatively favorable prognosis for recovery from a schizophrenic disorder would tend to exhibit all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A gradual onset of symptoms is typically associated with a poorer prognosis for recovery from schizophrenia. In contrast, onset of symptoms at a later age, a relatively healthy and supportive family situation, and relatively good social adjustment before the onset of the disorder are all factors that have been shown to be associated with a more favorable prognosis for recovery.

Question 5

The low recovery rate of people with schizophrenia reflects

Accepted Answer

While there are certainly biochemical and genetic factors at play in schizophrenia, the low recovery rate is largely due to the poor quality of mental health care in many countries. Access to medication, therapy, and supportive services is often limited, and there is often a lack of continuity of care and follow-up. Additionally, social factors such as stigma, discrimination, and a lack of social support can also contribute to the low recovery rate.

Question 6

The primary characteristic of paranoid schizophrenia is

Accepted Answer

The primary characteristic of paranoid schizophrenia is the presence of delusions of persecution and/or grandeur. This may be accompanied by auditory hallucinations, but there is not necessarily a mixture of symptoms like in other forms of schizophrenia. The individual may still be able to maintain some level of adaptive behavior, and motor disturbances are not necessarily a defining feature of the disorder.

Question 7

Which of the following statements is MOST accurate?

Accepted Answer

The statement that some people inherit a polygenetically transmitted vulnerability to schizophrenia is the most accurate. Research has shown that multiple genes are involved in the development of schizophrenia, and that the disorder is not caused by a single gene or environmental factor. Concordance rates for schizophrenia are not near 100% for identical twins (A), there is not a single recessive gene responsible for schizophrenia (B), and concordance rates are higher for identical twins than for fraternal twins (D).

Question 8

A recent approach to describing variations in schizophrenic disorders focuses on

Accepted Answer

The description of variations in schizophrenic disorders focuses on the presence of positive or negative symptoms. Positive symptoms include hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized speech and behavior, while negative symptoms include social withdrawal, lack of emotional expression, and decreased motivation. This approach helps to differentiate between different subtypes of schizophrenia, such as paranoid, disorganized, and catatonic.

Question 9

According to a recent approach to describing subtypes of schizophrenic disorders, an individual experiencing hallucinations, delusions, and hyperactive behavior would be said to exhibit

Accepted Answer

This individual is exhibiting positive symptoms, which are characterized by an excess or distortion of normal functioning, such as hallucinations, delusions, and hyperactivity. Negative symptoms, on the other hand, involve a loss of normal functioning, such as apathy, social withdrawal, and lack of emotional expression. Perceptual symptoms and behavioral symptoms are not widely recognized categories of schizophrenia subtypes.

Question 10

Schizophrenic disorders usually emerge during

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic disorders typically emerge during adolescence or early adulthood, typically between the ages of 15 and 25. While it is still possible to develop schizophrenia later in life, this is less common.

Question 11

A patient with schizophrenia tends to have the most favorable prognosis when

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient with schizophrenia tends to have...

Question 12

The presence of structural abnormalities in the brain that are assumed to reflect deterioration of brain tissue has been associated with

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenic disorders have been associated with structural abnormalities in the brain, reflecting deterioration of brain tissue. These abnormalities can include ventricular enlargement, reduced size of certain brain regions, and changes in the structure of the brain cortex, which are often detected through neuroimaging studies.

Question 13

Mark is hospitalized as a result of schizophrenia. He constantly rambles incoherently about a variety of topics and does not interact with the other patients or hospital staff. Mark has delusions that his right arm is slowly shrinking and that he is growing a third eye on the back of his head. MOST likely, Mark is diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Mark's symptoms are typical of disorganized schizophrenia, which is characterized by disorganized speech and behavior, as well as delusions and hallucinations. Mark's lack of interaction with others and rambling speech are signs of disorganization, and his delusions about his body are common in this subtype of schizophrenia.

Question 14

Children born to two schizophrenic parents have what likelihood of developing the disorder themselves?

Accepted Answer

Children born to two schizophrenic parents have about a 46% chance of developing the disorder, as genetic factors significantly increase the risk.

Question 15

The primary symptom of catatonic schizophrenia is

Accepted Answer

The primary symptom of catatonic schizophrenia is motor disturbances ranging from muscular rigidity to random motor activity. These motor disturbances may include waxy flexibility, where the person can be shaped and positioned by another person, or catatonic stupor, where the person is immobile and unresponsive to their environment. Other possible symptoms of catatonic schizophrenia may include echolalia (repeating words or phrases spoken by others), echopraxia (mimicking the movements of others), and unusual or repetitive movements.

Question 16

Lucille believes that since she is pregnant with "the son of God" a large conspiracy of people are trying to prevent the birth. She thinks her family, friends, neighbors, and even her doctor are all part of the conspiracy. Lucille is MOST likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

The answer of Lucille believes that since she is pregnant...

Question 17

At this time, one of the major neurotransmitters that has been linked to schizophrenia is

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that excessive activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine may contribute to the development of symptoms associated with schizophrenia. This is why antipsychotic medications, which work by blocking dopamine receptors, are often used to treat the disorder.

Question 18

Lenny is diagnosed with schizophrenia. He will often remain completely motionless for long periods of time. He almost looks as if he is imitating a store mannequin or a statue. Lenny's behavior is MOST consistent with

Accepted Answer

Lenny's behavior is consistent with catatonic schizophrenia, which is characterized by motor disturbances such as being completely motionless for long periods of time. Disorganized schizophrenia is characterized by disorganized speech and behavior, paranoid schizophrenia is characterized by delusions and paranoia, and undifferentiated schizophrenia is a catch-all category for individuals who do not fit neatly into other subtypes.

Question 19

Research concerning the etiology of schizophrenic disorders has implicated excessive activity of the neurotransmitter(s)

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that excessive activity of the dopamine neurotransmitter system is a key factor in the development of schizophrenic disorders. This is supported by the fact that drugs that reduce dopamine activity are effective in treating the symptoms of schizophrenia.

Question 20

Mayra has a psychological disorder, and her doctor has prescribed a drug that affects the levels of dopamine in her nervous system. Based on this information, it is MOST likely that Mayra is being treated for

Accepted Answer

Dopamine levels in the brain are often implicated in the development of schizophrenia. The fact that Mayra's doctor prescribed a drug affecting dopamine levels suggests that she may have a schizophrenic disorder.

Quiz 28: Psychological Disorders Part 2