Question 1

In the research survey conducted by Seligman in cooperation with "Consumer Reports," how many of the respondents reporting mental-health problems sought professional help?

Accepted Answer

According to the research survey conducted by Seligman in cooperation with "Consumer Reports," 40% of the respondents reporting mental-health problems sought professional help.

Question 2

After conducting several neurological tests,a researcher evaluating the impact of a drug on the nervous system concludes that the drug is increasing the activity of the neurotransmitter serotonin.Given this information,one thing we can be sure of is that this drug is not:

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs do not primarily target the serotonin neurotransmitter system. Therefore, if a drug is increasing the activity of serotonin, it is unlikely to be an antipsychotic drug. A, B, and C are all types of antidepressant drugs that affect serotonin levels in some way, so they cannot be ruled out based on this information alone.

Question 3

Of the alternatives below,a factor NOT shared by diverse forms of therapy is:

Accepted Answer

While all forms of therapy aim to help clients overcome their problems and provide opportunities for clients to practice new behaviors, not all forms of therapy involve guidance. For example, some types of therapy, such as art therapy, may allow clients to explore their emotions and experiences without necessarily receiving direct guidance on how to overcome specific problems. However, regardless of the specific approach used, most clients seek therapy with the belief that they will receive help and hope to gain a new perspective on themselves and their problems.

Question 4

Tricyclics,monoamine oxidase (MAO)inhibitors,and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)were all mentioned as drug treatments for which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

Tricyclics, MAO inhibitors, and SSRIs are all drug treatments for depression.

Question 5

Surveys suggest that among people between the ages of 18 and 74 those who use anti-anxiety drugs to treat their symptoms of anxiety are approximately ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Surveys suggest that among people between the...

Question 6

Antipsychotic medications achieve their effects by blocking the activity of:

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic medications work by blocking the activity of dopamine in the brain. This is because high levels of dopamine are associated with psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations and delusions. By blocking the activity of dopamine, antipsychotics can help to reduce these symptoms.

Question 7

Joanne has been having some severe psychological problems.Her therapist decided that the best course of treatment would include both psychotherapy and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor.Given that this treatment is the optimal one,Joanne is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

The combination of psychotherapy and a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) is a common and effective treatment for depression. Major life events problems may also be treated with psychotherapy, but typically do not require medication. Schizophrenia is usually treated with a combination of antipsychotic medication and therapy, not just an SSRI. Somatoform disorders are characterized by physical symptoms with no apparent medical cause and typically do not require medication, but can be treated with psychotherapy.

Question 8

Joel has been having some severe psychological problems.His therapist decided that the best course of treatment would include both psychotherapy and a tranquilizing drug.Given that this treatment is the optimal one,Joel is most likely suffering from:

Accepted Answer

The combination of psychotherapy and tranquilizing drugs is a common treatment for anxiety disorders. Other disorders may require different types of treatment.

Question 9

Tardive dyskinesia is one of the side effects of which of the following drugs?

Accepted Answer

Tardive dyskinesia is a side effect that is commonly associated with long-term use of antipsychotic drugs. It is characterized by involuntary movements of the face, tongue, and limbs. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and tricyclics are not typically associated with this side effect.

Question 10

One of the side effects of antipsychotic medications is the disorder called tardive dyskinesia.The symptoms of this disorder include:

Accepted Answer

Tardive dyskinesia is a disorder that causes involuntary and repetitive movements of the face and tongue, such as grimacing, eye blinking, and tongue protrusion. It is a side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic medications. Options A, B, and D are not symptoms of tardive dyskinesia.

Question 11

Meta-analysis conducted to test the effectiveness of therapy provides evidence for:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Meta-analysis conducted to test the effectiveness of...

Question 12

A drug is used to treat a psychological disorder that slows down the excitatory synaptic activity in the nervous system by enhancing the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA),a major inhibitory transmitter.It is most likely that this drug is a(n):

Accepted Answer

The drug enhances the activity of GABA, which is a major inhibitory transmitter. Anti-anxiety drugs, also known as anxiolytics, work by increasing the activity of GABA in the brain, and therefore, slowing down the excitatory synaptic activity. Tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) work by altering the levels of neurotransmitters like serotonin and norepinephrine, so they are unlikely to slow down excitatory synaptic activity by enhancing GABA. Antipsychotic drugs work by blocking dopamine receptors or serotonin receptors in the brain and are typically used to treat psychosis or schizophrenia.

Question 13

After completing a successful therapy experience,a client reflects that one of the things that she found most helpful about therapy was the different explanations offered by her therapist that allowed her to feel more at ease about herself and her problems.This example best demonstrates which of the following common factors thought to be responsible for the general effectiveness of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Providing alternative ways of looking at things is a common factor in psychotherapy that is thought to be responsible for its effectiveness. In this example, the client found the different explanations offered by her therapist to be helpful in allowing her to feel more at ease about herself and her problems. This suggests that the therapist was able to provide alternative perspectives that helped the client see things in a new light, which is a key aspect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and other evidence-based therapies.

Question 14

Dr.Jackson is creating a study to evaluate the usefulness of a new therapy treatment for borderline personality disorder.She personally trains all of the therapists who will be used in her study and creates a detailed treatment manual that gives specific instructions regarding how all therapists are supposed to address various issues.What should be the next phase of her study?

Accepted Answer

The next phase should be the participant screening phase to select suitable participants for the study after preparing the therapists and treatment manual.

Question 15

A drug used to treat a psychological disorder achieves its effect by increasing the activity of both norepinephrine and serotonin in the nervous system.This drug is most likely a(n):

Accepted Answer

Tricyclic antidepressants are known to increase the activity of both norepinephrine and serotonin in the nervous system. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors only affect serotonin, anti-anxiety drugs typically target GABA receptors, and antipsychotic drugs target dopamine receptors.

Question 16

The problem of having anxiety symptoms return when treatment is stopped is most problematic for which of the following therapies?

Accepted Answer

Anti-anxiety medications are most likely to cause a return of symptoms when treatment is stopped, as they create a physical dependence on the drug and can cause withdrawal symptoms if stopped suddenly. Behaviour modification and cognitive therapy focus on changing patterns of behaviour and thought, rather than relying on medication, while rational-emotive therapy combines cognitive and behavioural techniques.

Question 17

Seligman's "Consumer Reports" survey found what regarding the utility of psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Seligman's "Consumer Reports" survey found that many of the respondents reported being helped by the therapy and were satisfied by the treatment received. This indicates that psychotherapy can be a useful and effective form of treatment for certain individuals.

Question 18

A person receives a drug that blocks the activity of dopamine.It is most likely that this drug is an antipsychotic drug and that the person being treated has been diagnosed with _____________.

Accepted Answer

Antipsychotic drugs block the activity of dopamine, which is often overactive in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, it is likely that the person being treated has been diagnosed with schizophrenia.

Question 19

Some researchers argue that it is important to examine ________ in evaluating studies.That is,success should be measured by comparing clients to individuals within the normal range of responses on measures.

Accepted Answer

Clinical significance is important in evaluating studies because it considers the practical significance of the results. It looks at whether the results are meaningful and beneficial for clients in the real world, beyond just statistical significance. Comparing clients to individuals within the normal range of responses on measures is one way to assess clinical significance.

Question 20

Research comparing the effectives of different types of psychotherapies to drug treatments found which type of treatment was the most effective for treating depression?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research comparing the effectives of different types...

Quiz 17: Treatment of Psychological Disorders