Question 1

Research finds that women who have been drinking alcohol become ________ disposed to casual sex,and men who have been drinking become ________ disposed to casual sex.

Accepted Answer

Research generally indicates that alcohol consumption can increase the likelihood of engaging in casual sex for both women and men, as it may lower inhibitions and impair judgment.

Question 2

The discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing an addictive drug or behavior is called

Accepted Answer

Withdrawal is a common symptom experienced by individuals who have developed a physical or psychological dependence on a drug or behavior. When the drug or behavior is discontinued, the body and brain undergo a period of adjustment and can lead to a range of uncomfortable and distressing symptoms. Disinhibition refers to a lack of restraint or control over one's actions, dissociation refers to a disconnect from one's thoughts or emotions, and intoxication refers to the state of being under the influence of a drug or substance.

Question 3

An evening of moderate alcohol consumption is most likely to

Accepted Answer

Moderate alcohol consumption can disrupt the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory. This means that there may be difficulty in recalling events that occurred while under the influence of alcohol. However, impairment of short-term recall or existing long-term memories is less likely with moderate alcohol consumption. Additionally, alcohol consumption may initially decrease REM sleep, but it can lead to more disrupted sleep later in the night.

Question 4

One behavior addiction listed in the DSM-5 is

Accepted Answer

Gambling disorder is the only behavior addiction recognized in the DSM-5.

Question 5

Jana has had such terrible alcohol withdrawal symptoms that she will not try again to cut back on her habit of drinking too much.Jana is most likely suffering from

Accepted Answer

Jana's symptoms suggest that she is struggling with alcohol use disorder, which is characterized by a physical and psychological dependence on alcohol. Withdrawal symptoms occur when someone tries to stop or cut back on their drinking, and can be severe enough to deter them from trying again in the future.

Question 6

In large amounts,alcohol is a ________;in small amounts,it is a ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In large amounts,alcohol is a ________;in small...

Question 7

Barbiturate drugs ________ anxiety and ________ nervous system activity.

Accepted Answer

Barbiturate drugs are central nervous system (CNS) depressants that act by enhancing the inhibitory effects of GABA, a neurotransmitter involved in reducing CNS activity. This leads to a reduction in anxiety and an overall depressing effect on the nervous system. Therefore, barbiturate drugs reduce (not increase) anxiety and depress (not accelerate) nervous system activity, making option C the correct choice.

Question 8

When Celeste was unable to obtain her regular supply of heroin,she began to develop pain and an intense craving for the drug.Celeste was experiencing symptoms of

Accepted Answer

Celeste's symptoms point towards withdrawal, which is the adverse physical and psychological symptoms that occur when a drug-dependent person stops using the substance abruptly or reduces the intake. Symptoms may include anxiety, tremors, sweating, nausea, vomiting, and strong drug cravings.

Question 9

If heavy drinking follows a period of moderate drinking,people may poison themselves with an overdose because the moderate drinking

Accepted Answer

Moderate drinking can depress the vomiting response, making it more difficult for the body to expel the excess alcohol consumed during heavy drinking. This can lead to alcohol poisoning and other dangerous health outcomes. The other options do not provide an explanation for how moderate drinking can lead to alcohol overdose.

Question 10

University men were shown an erotic movie clip.Compared with those who thought they had recently consumed a nonalcoholic beverage,men who believed they had recently consumed an alcoholic beverage were

Accepted Answer

The study showed that men who believed they had consumed an alcoholic beverage reported having stronger sexual fantasies compared to those who thought they had consumed a nonalcoholic beverage. However, there was no significant difference in reported feelings of guilt between the two groups. Therefore, choice D is the best answer.

Question 11

After consuming alcohol,Ross often behaves recklessly and becomes aggressive.This best illustrates that alcohol may act as a

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a depressant, but it can also act as a disinhibitor, meaning it lowers inhibitions and can lead to impulsive and aggressive behavior.

Question 12

Under the influence of alcohol,angered people are ________ likely to be aggressive,and restaurant patrons are ________ likely to tip generously.

Accepted Answer

Under the influence of alcohol, people are more likely to be aggressive, and restaurant patrons are less likely to tip generously.

Question 13

Depressants are drugs such as

Accepted Answer

Depressants are drugs that slow down the central nervous system and examples of depressants include barbiturates (e.g. phenobarbital) and opiates (e.g. heroin). Marijuana and LSD are hallucinogens, nicotine and caffeine are stimulants, and cocaine and amphetamines are also stimulants.

Question 14

Kevin's persistent urges to gamble are so strong that he continues even after losing very large sums of money.Kevin most clearly shows signs of

Accepted Answer

Kevin demonstrates a behavior addiction as he continues to gamble despite negative consequences such as losing large sums of money. This behavior addiction is characterized by the continuation of a behavior despite negative consequences, similar to substance addiction. Withdrawal and intoxication are specific to substance use disorders, while reuptake refers to a process in neurotransmission and is not related to addiction.

Question 15

Prolonged and excessive drinking damages the brain most severely in ________ who have ________ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.

Accepted Answer

Women have less of the stomach enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase, which leads to higher blood alcohol levels and more severe brain damage from prolonged and excessive drinking compared to men.

Question 16

After a stressful day at the office,Arthur has five or six drinks at a local bar before going home for dinner.Research suggests that Arthur's heavy drinking will have the most adverse effect on his ability to remember

Accepted Answer

Alcohol has the strongest effect on memory consolidation, which occurs after the new information is learned and is being stored in the brain. Heavy drinking can impair memory consolidation, making it more difficult for Arthur to remember the names of the people he talked to and what he said while drinking the next day. Option A and C are incorrect because alcohol primarily impairs the ability to form new memories, rather than recalling previously learned information. Option D may be affected, but the impairment would be less severe than in option B.

Question 17

Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates are central nervous system depressants that act as tranquilizers or sedatives. Amphetamines, hallucinogens, and opiates do not have tranquilizing effects.

Question 18

Alcohol consumption is likely to ________ attention to a personally insulting comment and ________ attention to the future consequences of responding in anger.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption is likely to increase attention to a personally insulting comment as it can lower inhibitions and increase emotional vulnerability. At the same time, it can decrease attention to the future consequences of responding in anger as it impairs cognitive functioning and decision-making abilities. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 19

Those with alcohol use disorder are likely to experience symptoms of ________ when alcohol use is suspended.

Accepted Answer

When alcohol use is suspended, those with alcohol use disorder are likely to experience withdrawal symptoms, which can include physical symptoms such as sweating, shaking, and nausea as well as psychological symptoms such as anxiety and mood disturbances.

Question 20

When sober,most drinkers believe that driving under the influence is wrong,and that they would not do so.However,most will drive home from a bar even if given a breathalyzer test and told they are intoxicated.This best illustrates that alcohol acts as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A disinhibitor reduces inhibitions, causing individuals to act in ways they would not when sober. In this scenario, the alcohol is reducing the drinker's inhibitions and leading them to drive even though they know it is wrong.

Quiz 13: Psychological Disorders

Research finds that women who have been drinking alcohol become disposed to casual sex,and men who have been drinking become disposed to casual sex.