Question 1

Which of the following is not a goal or outcome from research using the Strange Situation?

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation is primarily used to assess the nature of attachment between infants and caregivers, focusing on emotional security and the caregiver's role, not on the infant's cognitive skills development.

Question 2

In the Strange Situation, Latoya basically ignored her mother, was not upset when she left the room, and did not seek her out when she returned. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Latoya as:

Accepted Answer

Latoya's behavior of ignoring her mother, not being upset by her departure, and not seeking her upon return is characteristic of an insecure avoidant attachment style.

Question 3

Aimee is visiting a friend who has a newborn. Aimee is enjoying holding the baby, and occasionally she thinks she may have prompted him to smile. According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, the baby's lack of attachment to one person indicates he is in:

Accepted Answer

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, phase one is the pre-attachment phase, where infants do not show a preference for one person over another and do not yet form a specific attachment. This phase typically occurs from birth to around 2-3 months of age.

Question 4

According to John Bowlby, an infant's internal working model of attachment includes a simple mental model of the caregiver, their relationship, and:

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby's theory of attachment suggests that an infant's internal working model includes a perception of the self as deserving of nurturant care, which influences their expectations and interactions in relationships.

Question 5

Trevor has clearly bonded with his mother, and at a recent family gathering he seemed to recognize family members he often interacts with. According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, Trevor is in _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Trevor has clearly bonded with his mother,...

Question 6

In the Strange Situation, Jermaine used his mother as a "safe base" as he actively explored the playroom. Mary Ainsworth would most likely classify Jermaine as:

Accepted Answer

Jermaine's behavior of using his mother as a "safe base" to explore the environment is characteristic of a securely attached child, according to Mary Ainsworth's attachment theory.

Question 7

The Strange Situation is an observational measure of infant attachment developed by Mary Ainsworth. It requires the infant to:

Accepted Answer

The Strange Situation involves a series of introductions, separations, and reunions with the caregiver and a stranger to assess the infant's attachment style.

Question 8

Austin is in the Strange Situation and shows strong patterns of avoidance and resistance. He also displays extreme fearfulness around the caregiver. He would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Austin's behavior of showing both avoidance and resistance, along with extreme fearfulness, is characteristic of an insecure disorganized attachment. This type of attachment is marked by a lack of a coherent strategy for dealing with the stress of the Strange Situation, often due to fear or confusion regarding the caregiver.

Question 9

In the Strange Situation, Quentin cries mildly when his caregiver departs; however, he is happy upon reunion, and then continues to explore once the caregiver has returned. He would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Quentin's behavior is consistent with secure attachment. He shows mild distress when his caregiver departs, but is happy upon reunion and continues to explore once the caregiver has returned.

Question 10

John Bowlby argued that infants are biologically predisposed to form attachments, and by working through the phases they will develop a(n) _____ model of attachment.

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby proposed that infants develop an internal working model of attachment, which is a mental representation of their relationship with their caregiver that guides future social and emotional behavior.

Question 11

In which of the following phases of Bowlby's model of attachment does attachment become focused on one figure, usually the primary caregiver?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of the following phases of...

Question 12

Anthony is just starting to crawl and has taken to following his mother around the house. He also lifts his arms up to her when he wants to be picked up. According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which phase is Anthony currently in?

Accepted Answer

According to Bowlby's attachment theory, Anthony is in Phase three, which is the "Clear-cut attachment" phase. This phase typically occurs between 6 months and 2 years of age, where infants actively seek proximity to their primary caregiver and show separation anxiety.

Question 13

Mariposa is in the Strange Situation; she moves freely away from her mother but keeps track of where she is through periodic glances. She would most likely be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Mariposa's behavior of exploring freely while keeping track of her mother through glances is indicative of a securely attached child, who feels safe to explore but maintains a connection with the caregiver.

Question 14

Parker is in the Strange Situation. He shows little interaction with his caregiver. He isn't distressed upon separation and does not reestablish contact upon reunion. He would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Parker's behavior of showing little interaction with the caregiver, not being distressed upon separation, and not seeking contact upon reunion is characteristic of an insecure avoidant attachment style.

Question 15

Baby Heather is absorbed in her playing when suddenly there is a loud crashing sound outside of the house. Heather immediately moves as fast as she can to her grandmother (who is her primary caregiver). According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, Heather is not in:

Accepted Answer

Heather is in phase two of Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which is characterized by the development of a secure base. In this phase, the child uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment. When the child is threatened, they will move towards the caregiver for comfort and protection.

Question 16

Which of the following characterizes phase one of Bowlby's model of attachment?

Accepted Answer

In phase one of Bowlby's model of attachment, infants instinctively direct their attachment behaviors towards human figures, which is a characteristic of this initial stage.

Question 17

When put on the floor to play, baby Elaine cries as if she wants to be held. When her mother picks her up, though, Elaine pushes away with both arms and turns her head away. Mary Ainsworth would say that Elaine is:

Accepted Answer

Elaine's behavior of wanting to be held but then pushing away and turning her head suggests ambivalence and resistance, which is characteristic of insecure resistant attachment.

Question 18

According to Bowlby's conceptualization of attachment, which of the following occurs during phase three?

Accepted Answer

During phase three of Bowlby's attachment theory, which occurs from around 6 months to 2 years, babies develop increased locomotor skills and actively seek contact with their regular caregivers, such as the mother or father.

Question 19

Diego is in the Strange Situation with his caregiver; he explores the room and examines the toys that have been placed in it. He uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the room. He would be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Diego's behavior of using the caregiver as a secure base to explore the room is characteristic of a securely attached child.

Question 20

Shoko responds positively to being picked up by others, and when put back down freely moves away to play. She would most likely be classified as:

Accepted Answer

Shoko's behavior indicates that she is securely attached, as she is comfortable with being picked up and also feels secure enough to explore her environment independently.

Quiz 4: Socioemotional Development in Infancy