Question 1

Which of the following was mentioned as one of the three myths associated with marijuana?

Accepted Answer

Marijuana is often mistakenly believed to have no significant dangers, but it can have various health risks and potential for addiction.

Question 2

A classic study conducted by Ikemi and Nakagawa (1962) found that when actually exposed to a toxic leaf that they were told was harmless, hypnotized participants ______ allergic reaction.

Accepted Answer

The study by Ikemi and Nakagawa (1962) demonstrated that hypnotized participants, when exposed to a toxic leaf but told it was harmless, showed no allergic reaction, highlighting the power of suggestion under hypnosis on physiological responses.

Question 3

The fact that children of alcoholic parents typically display faster hormonal and psychological reactions to alcohol was discussed as evidence suggesting the impact of _____________ factors on sensitivity to alcohol.

Accepted Answer

The fact that children of alcoholic parents typically display faster hormonal and psychological reactions to alcohol suggests a genetic factor influencing sensitivity to alcohol, as these reactions are likely inherited traits from their parents.

Question 4

Research on hypnosis has suggested that hypnotized participants may be induced to perform sometimes dangerous and out-of-character acts because

Accepted Answer

Hypnotized participants may be induced to perform sometimes dangerous and out-of-character acts because they are responding to a perceived authority in a legitimate context. This is similar to the obedience observed in the Milgram experiments, where individuals followed instructions from an authority figure even when those instructions led to actions they might not normally perform.

Question 5

Orne and Evans (1965) found that hypnotized participants could be induced to dip their hand in what they thought was acid and then throw it in another person's face. However, non-hypnotized participants who were told to pretend as if they were hypnotized were ________ to engage in the same behaviour.

Accepted Answer

Orne and Evans (1965) found that non-hypnotized participants who were told to pretend as if they were hypnotized were just as likely to engage in the same behavior as the hypnotized participants, indicating that the obedience observed might not be due to hypnosis per se, but rather to the participants' eagerness to comply with the experimental setup.

Question 6

The fact that the reactions of other people sharing a drug experience can influence a specific individual's response to a drug is best considered as evidence of the impact of ____________ on drug reactions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that the reactions of other...

Question 7

Researchers have determined that mice can be bred to inherit a strong preference for drinking alcohol instead of water. Regarding the effect of this drug, a significant role may be played by __________ factors.

Accepted Answer

The statement indicates that mice can be bred to have a strong preference for alcohol, which implies that genetic factors are involved in determining this preference. Genetic breeding directly influences the traits that are passed down, indicating the role of genetics in the effect of alcohol preference.

Question 8

All of the following were mentioned as myths associated with the use of marijuana EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Repeated use of marijuana does produce tolerance, which is not a myth, unlike the other options which are commonly held misconceptions or myths about marijuana use.

Question 9

Research on hypnosis has revealed that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that the effects attributed to hypnosis, especially in terms of influencing people to act in ways they wouldn't normally (including "against their will"), are often related to the subjects' responsiveness to social cues and authority figures, rather than hypnosis having any unique coercive power.

Question 10

THC the active ingredient in marijuana increases the activity of which neurotransmitter?

Accepted Answer

THC increases dopamine release, which contributes to the pleasurable sensations or "high" associated with marijuana use.

Question 11

A particular gene has been found more often among alcoholics and their children. This incidence

Accepted Answer

The presence of a specific gene more frequently among alcoholics and their offspring suggests a genetic influence on how individuals respond to alcohol, rather than directly causing alcoholism or altering the amount of alcohol needed to maintain intoxication. It does not imply that behavior (like drug consumption) can alter one's genetic makeup to pass on to children.

Question 12

Research on pain reduction techniques has found that hypnosis

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that hypnosis can be an effective treatment for pain and that its effectiveness goes beyond just a placebo effect. This means that the benefits observed are not solely due to the patient's belief in the treatment but are also due to the actual effects of hypnosis on the perception of pain.

Question 13

Which of the following is a hallucinogen derived from a natural source (as opposed to being synthetic)?

Accepted Answer

Psilocybin is a naturally occurring psychedelic compound produced by more than 200 species of mushrooms, commonly known as "magic mushrooms." Unlike LSD, Phencyclidine (PCP), and MDMA, which are synthetic substances, psilocybin is directly derived from natural sources.

Question 14

The greatest danger of hallucinogens is that

Accepted Answer

The primary danger of hallucinogens lies in their unpredictable psychological effects, which can vary greatly among individuals and even from one use to another in the same individual. This unpredictability can lead to dangerous situations or mental states.

Question 15

All of the following demonstrate how environmental factors affect reactions to drugs EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The statement in option D refers to a placebo effect, where individuals exhibit behaviors based on their beliefs or expectations rather than actual environmental factors affecting the drug's pharmacological action.

Question 16

Research on hypnosis has found that

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that many tasks or behaviors that people associate with hypnosis can also be performed by nonhypnotized individuals, indicating that hypnosis is not necessary for these actions.

Question 17

Drugs such as angel dust and acid which usually function to distort or intensify sensory experience and can blur the boundary between reality and fantasy are called ____________.

Accepted Answer

Hallucinogens are drugs that cause profound distortions in a person's perceptions of reality, such as angel dust (PCP) and acid (LSD), making them see, hear, or feel things that are not there or are distorted.

Question 18

All of the following were mentioned as evidence supporting the role of genetics in determining sensitivity to alcohol EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Compensatory physiological responses becoming associated with specific environments is more related to learned behaviors and conditioning rather than direct genetic influence. Choices B, C, and D directly relate to genetic factors influencing alcohol sensitivity or preference.

Question 19

The active ingredient in the marijuana plant is

Accepted Answer

Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive component of the cannabis plant, responsible for the majority of the plant's psychological effects.

Question 20

The drugs mescaline, psilocybin, and LSD are all classified as

Accepted Answer

Mescaline, psilocybin, and LSD are all known for their psychoactive properties that can cause hallucinations, making them classified as hallucinogens.

Quiz 6: States of Consciousness