Question 1

Intelligence that comes with experience and education and is based on the body of knowledge and information accumulated over the years is called:

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to the accumulation of knowledge, skills, and information acquired through experience and education. It is different from fluid intelligence, which involves problem-solving and abstract thinking abilities. Declarative intelligence and pragmatic intelligence are not recognized terms in psychology.

Question 2

In comparison to members of the white majority in the U.S., African Americans are more likely to die from all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The text notes that Blacks are more likely than Whites to die from heart disease, hypertension, cancer diabetes, accidents, and AIDS; and that Hispanics are more likely than Whites to die from infectious and parasitic diseases, diabetes, hypertension, and AIDS.

Question 3

An older adult's ability to recall well a second language used and practiced mostly in early adulthood would best be considered an example of:

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence refers to accumulated knowledge and skills based on education and life experiences. Recalling a language reflects this type of intelligence.

Question 4

Compared to research conclusions drawn in the 1980s, researchers today are more likely to see the cognitive decline that is associated with aging as being:

Accepted Answer

Research conducted in recent times suggests that cognitive decline associated with aging occurs more gradually and usually starts later compared to the conclusions drawn in the 1980s. Advances in technology and increased understanding of brain plasticity have led to this shift in perspective.

Question 5

Richard Rahe revised his earlier version of the Stress Scale for Selected Life Events, noting that life today is _____ stressful than it was in earlier decades and noting that the stress associated with certain life events today is _______ it was in earlier decades.

Accepted Answer

According to the text, Richard Rahe noted with the revision of his scale in 1997 that life today is more stressful than in earlier decades. Recently, data gathered through an online survey of 10 of the original life events have served to point out that, while some events cause less stress for adults today than they did 40 years ago, others cause more.

Question 6

About what percent of middle-aged adult men and women are obese in the United States today?

Accepted Answer

According to the CDC, approximately 40% of middle-aged adult men and women in the United States are obese.

Question 7

Early cross-sectional research usually showed that crystallized intelligence reaches its peak during ; fluid intelligence reaches its peak during .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Early cross-sectional research usually showed that crystallized...

Question 8

According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following life events is associated with the HIGHEST level of stress?

Accepted Answer

According to the Stress Scale, the death of a spouse is associated with the highest level of stress, with a score of 100. Divorce or marital separation has a score of 73, death of a family member has a score of 63, and job layoff or firing has a score of 47.

Question 9

According to the text, which of the following statements about racial/ethnic differences in healthiness is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Members of low-income minority groups often have a number of special challenges that contribute to stress. The book notes that the fact that overeating, alcohol, cigarettes, and drugs are often used to cope with such stress may explain these individuals greater risk for a variety of health-related problems. The book also notes that access to health care is an issue for these individuals.
Cognitive Continuity and Change

Question 10

According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following life events is associated with the HIGHEST level of stress?

Accepted Answer

According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, divorce or marital separation is associated with the highest level of stress, with a score of 73 out of 100. All of the other options have scores of 20-50, indicating lower levels of stress.

Question 11

According to the text, which of the following is the correct order of leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States today, from first to third:

Accepted Answer

The text notes that being overweight is now considered the second largest preventable cause of death and disease in adulthood, just behind smoking and just ahead of alcohol abuse.

Question 12

Today in the United States, alcohol consumption is the ______ leading cause of preventable death in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption is the third leading cause of preventable death in the United States, following tobacco use and poor diet/physical inactivity.

Question 13

Since 1980, the percent of Americans who are obese or overweight has increased about ____.

Accepted Answer

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the percent of adults who are overweight or obese has increased from 15% in 1980 to 42.4% in 2018, which is an increase of approximately 60%. Therefore, choice D is the correct answer.

Question 14

Illness may follow periods of prolonged stress, primarily because stress weakens one's:

Accepted Answer

Prolonged stress can lead to the suppression of the immune system, making an individual more susceptible to illnesses and infections.

Question 15

If you asked a representative sample of adults in the U. S. if they had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days, you should expect that about _____ would answer "yes."

Accepted Answer

According to recent national surveys, more than half of the U.S. adult population drank alcohol in the past 30 days.

Question 16

According to the text, obesity-related illnesses are considered to be the _______ leading cause of preventable death in the United States today.

Accepted Answer

The text states that obesity-related illnesses are the second leading cause of preventable death in the United States today.

Question 17

Statistically speaking, which of the following people would be MOST likely to be obese?

Accepted Answer

According to the text, weight problems become more prevalent as adults move through the period of middle adulthood.

Question 18

In those cognitive skills that are most closely related to work and daily living, the peak of performance usually occurs during:

Accepted Answer

The answer of In those cognitive skills that are most...

Question 19

Tyrone has gone through many stress-producing events lately. According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following events in Tyrone's life probably produced the most stress:

Accepted Answer

The death of Tyrone's wife is considered the most stressful event on the stress scale, with a point value of 100. The other events mentioned have lower point values: marriage to a long-time girlfriend (50 points), retirement from a job (45 points), having the youngest child leave home (29 points).

Question 20

Today in the United States, about ____ of adults are either overweight or obese.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 70% of adults in the United States are either overweight or obese, reflecting a significant public health concern.

Quiz 14: Middle Adulthood: Physical and Cognitive Development

Intelligence that comes with experience and education and is based on the body of knowledge and information accumulated over the years is called:

In comparison to members of the white majority in the U.S., African Americans are more likely to die from all of the following EXCEPT:

An older adult's ability to recall well a second language used and practiced mostly in early adulthood would best be considered an example of:

Compared to research conclusions drawn in the 1980s, researchers today are more likely to see the cognitive decline that is associated with aging as being:

Richard Rahe revised his earlier version of the Stress Scale for Selected Life Events, noting that life today is _ stressful than it was in earlier decades and noting that the stress associated with certain life events today is ___ it was in earlier decades.

About what percent of middle-aged adult men and women are obese in the United States today?

Early cross-sectional research usually showed that crystallized intelligence reaches its peak during ; fluid intelligence reaches its peak during .

According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following life events is associated with the HIGHEST level of stress?

According to the text, which of the following statements about racial/ethnic differences in healthiness is FALSE?

According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following life events is associated with the HIGHEST level of stress?

According to the text, which of the following is the correct order of leading causes of preventable deaths in the United States today, from first to third:

Today in the United States, alcohol consumption is the ______ leading cause of preventable death in the United States.

Since 1980, the percent of Americans who are obese or overweight has increased about ____.

Illness may follow periods of prolonged stress, primarily because stress weakens one's:

If you asked a representative sample of adults in the U. S. if they had consumed alcohol in the past 30 days, you should expect that about _____ would answer "yes."

According to the text, obesity-related illnesses are considered to be the _______ leading cause of preventable death in the United States today.

Statistically speaking, which of the following people would be MOST likely to be obese?

In those cognitive skills that are most closely related to work and daily living, the peak of performance usually occurs during:

Tyrone has gone through many stress-producing events lately. According to the Stress Scale printed in the text, which of the following events in Tyrone's life probably produced the most stress:

Today in the United States, about ____ of adults are either overweight or obese.