Question 1

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline "Expect your therapist to make decisions for you; your therapist will often tell you what to do, reducing your stress when making important decisions" is incorrect. Therapists are not meant to make decisions for their clients, but rather provide support, guidance, and tools to help clients make their own decisions and become more self-sufficient.

Question 2

According to the textbook, which of the following factors is important when you are looking for a psychotherapist?

Accepted Answer

All of these factors are important when looking for a psychotherapist. A therapist who is warm, caring, and open can create a safe and welcoming environment for clients, allowing them to more easily open up and share their thoughts and feelings. Feeling comfortable with the therapist is also crucial, as clients may be more likely to be honest and forthcoming if they feel at ease during sessions. Lastly, knowing about the therapist's approach and experience can help clients choose someone who is best suited to help them with their specific needs.

Question 3

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The other three guidelines are provided in the textbook, but the statement in choice A is incorrect. Therapy is a collaborative effort between therapist and client, and both parties work together towards the client's goals.

Question 4

Which of the following statements accurately describes the general role of insight in psychotherapy?

Accepted Answer

Insight can be helpful in psychotherapy, but it is not a cure-all. Simply understanding the roots of a problem does not make it disappear. However, clients who gain insight into their problems can use that knowledge to help change their behavior and thought patterns, which can ultimately lead to resolution of their difficulties. Therefore, the best option is choice (D) - insight can be helpful if the client uses it to help make changes to maladaptive patterns of behavior and thinking.

Question 5

A neurostimulator, surgically implanted in the chest and connected to electrodes in the brain via wires under the skin, sends electrical signals to the brain of a person with major depressive disorder. This new experimental treatment, which does not involve seizures, is called:

Accepted Answer

Deep brain stimulation involves surgically implanting a neurostimulator in the chest and connecting it to electrodes in specific regions of the brain via wires under the skin. This treatment involves the use of electrical signals to regulate specific brain circuits, and has shown promise in treating major depressive disorder. It is distinct from electroconvulsive therapy, which involves inducing seizures via electrical current applied to the scalp, and vagus nerve stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation, which do not involve direct brain stimulation.

Question 6

After a near-fatal suicide attempt, Emily was hospitalized for major depressive disorder. Because the risk of suicide continued to be high, Emily's psychiatrist suggested a series of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatments because:

Accepted Answer

ECT is often used in cases of severe major depressive disorder when other treatments have not been effective or when immediate relief is needed. ECT treatment can work much more quickly than antidepressant medications, sometimes within days, and is known to have a higher success rate than medication. The therapeutic benefits of ECT usually last much longer than treatment with antidepressant medications. The use of ECT is not meant to punish the individual, but rather to provide effective medical treatment for a serious mental health condition. Memory loss is a potential side effect of ECT, but it is not the primary reason for its use.

Question 7

Common side effects of electroconvulsive therapy are:

Accepted Answer

Electroconvulsive therapy has been linked to cognitive impairments, including extensive amnesia and disturbances in language and verbal abilities. While these effects are typically temporary and do not result in permanent brain damage, they can still be significant and concerning for patients. Other side effects, such as increased anxiety, suicidal thoughts, and hallucinations, are less common and typically only occur in a small minority of individuals who undergo ECT. Tardive dyskinesia, which is associated with long-term use of antipsychotic medications, is not a side effect of ECT.

Question 8

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

Accepted Answer

The new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies is called transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). Option A, vagus nerve stimulation, involves stimulating the vagus nerve through an implanted device. Option C, eye movement desensitization reprocessing (EMDR), is a type of therapy used to treat post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other trauma-related conditions. Option D, deep brain stimulation, involves implanting electrodes in specific areas of the brain to regulate brain activity.

Question 9

Regarding sexual interactions between client and therapist, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Sexual contact between a therapist and client is never ethical as it goes against the ethical principles of the counseling profession, which places a high value on the well-being and safety of clients. Engaging in sexual relationships with clients can cause harm to the client's mental health and can create a power imbalance that can negatively affect the therapy relationship. It is considered a serious ethical violation and can result in the therapist losing their license to practice therapy.

Question 10

Which of the following treatments for major depressive disorder does NOT involve applying an electrical current to the patient?

Accepted Answer

Transcranial magnetic stimulation does not involve applying an electrical current to the patient. It uses magnetic pulses to stimulate the brain.

Question 11

The Prologue to Chapter 14 describes a woman named Marcia who is in psychotherapy. According to Marcia, one benefit of her therapy sessions is that she invariably feels great emotional relief just from talking with her therapist. The reduction of emotional and physical tension that can occur simply as the result of talking about psychological problems is called:

Accepted Answer

The reduction of emotional and physical tension that can occur simply as the result of talking about psychological problems is called catharsis. This phenomenon is described in the Prologue to Chapter 14 when Marcia reports feeling relief just from talking with her therapist. Spontaneous remission refers to the unexpected disappearance of symptoms without any treatment, systematic desensitization is a type of therapy used to treat phobias, and extinction refers to the gradual disappearance of a learned response when it is no longer reinforced.

Question 12

A common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, is that:

Accepted Answer

The common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, is that they do not induce seizures. None of these treatments involve the use of electric shocks to induce seizures, as is the case with electroconvulsive therapy. Instead, they work by modulating brain activity in different ways, without causing convulsions or seizures.

Question 13

The term catharsis refers to:

Accepted Answer

The term catharsis in psychology refers to the emotional release or relief that an individual experiences by expressing their feelings or discussing their problems. It is derived from the Greek word "katharsis," which means "purification" or "cleansing." This term is often used in therapy to describe the process of releasing repressed emotions by talking about them.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

ECT does not reduce symptoms by causing brain damage, and while it does induce seizures, they are controlled and brief. The other options (A, B, and D) are all accurate statements about ECT.

Question 15

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline that is NOT provided in the textbook is "Catharsis is the same as change; because it produces long-term emotional relief, catharsis itself resolves problems." This is because catharsis, or emotional release, is just one aspect of the therapeutic process, and does not necessarily lead to long-term change without further exploration and processing of the underlying issues.

Question 16

According to the textbook, the relationship between a therapist and client should be:

Accepted Answer

The textbook notes that the relationship between a therapist and client should be collaborative, meaning that they work together to achieve the client's goals. It is not like a close friendship, as there are professional boundaries and a power differential. The therapist should not make decisions for the client but rather help them explore their options and come to their own decisions. While the therapeutic relationship can be important to the client, it should not be more important than other relationships in their life.

Question 17

Theresa is a psychotherapist who is working with a client named Ross. Ross is agonizing over whether he should stay married or file for divorce, but he can't seem to make up his mind. According to the guidelines in the textbook, Ross should expect Theresa to:

Accepted Answer

As a psychotherapist, Theresa's role is not to tell Ross what to do or take any action on his behalf. Instead, her role is to help him explore and gain a deeper understanding of his own feelings so that he can make an informed decision that is best for him. This approach aligns with the principles of client-centered therapy, which emphasizes the importance of facilitating the client's own self-exploration and decision-making process.

Question 18

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, _____, involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via an important nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the procedure of vagus nerve stimulation, which involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via the vagus nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem. Option A (eye movement desensitization reprocessing) and Option C (transcranial magnetic stimulation) do not involve surgical implantation, and Option D (deep brain stimulation) involves the implantation of electrodes in the brain, which is different from the description provided.

Question 19

Research on new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation, suggests that:

Accepted Answer

Research on deep brain stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation suggests that inducing seizures may not be necessary in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 20

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Accepted Answer

The guideline "Expect change to happen quickly; as a general rule, most people make significant progress after one session of therapy" is NOT accurate. In reality, the speed of progress in therapy varies greatly depending on the individual and their specific issues. It is important to have realistic expectations about the process and not expect immediate or quick solutions.

Quiz 14: Therapies

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

According to the textbook, which of the following factors is important when you are looking for a psychotherapist?

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the general role of insight in psychotherapy?

A neurostimulator, surgically implanted in the chest and connected to electrodes in the brain via wires under the skin, sends electrical signals to the brain of a person with major depressive disorder. This new experimental treatment, which does not involve seizures, is called:

After a near-fatal suicide attempt, Emily was hospitalized for major depressive disorder. Because the risk of suicide continued to be high, Emily's psychiatrist suggested a series of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) treatments because:

Common side effects of electroconvulsive therapy are:

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, called _____, involves stimulation of certain regions of the brain with magnetic impulses of various frequencies.

Regarding sexual interactions between client and therapist, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Which of the following treatments for major depressive disorder does NOT involve applying an electrical current to the patient?

A common feature of new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and transcranial magnetic stimulation, is that:

The term catharsis refers to:

Which of the following statements about electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is FALSE?

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?

According to the textbook, the relationship between a therapist and client should be:

Theresa is a psychotherapist who is working with a client named Ross. Ross is agonizing over whether he should stay married or file for divorce, but he can't seem to make up his mind. According to the guidelines in the textbook, Ross should expect Theresa to:

A new experimental treatment for major depressive disorder that does not induce seizures, _____, involves the surgical implantation of a device that delivers brief, intermittent electrical stimulation via an important nerve that runs through the neck to the brainstem.

Research on new experimental treatments for major depressive disorder, such as deep brain stimulation and vagus nerve stimulation, suggests that:

The textbook provides guidelines to help you understand the special nature of the therapy relationship and develop realistic expectations about the process of psychotherapy. Which of the following is NOT one of those guidelines?