Question 1

The problem-solving explanation of dreaming suggests that

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving approach to dreaming suggests that dreams help us solve our everyday problems by presenting scenarios that allow us to explore different solutions and outcomes. This approach sees dreaming as a useful function of the brain rather than a meaningless activity. The other choices are incorrect or unsupported by the problem-solving approach.

Question 2

Steve is currently undergoing psychoanalysis.His therapist asks him to write down everything he remembers about his dreams upon awakening.According to Freud's theory of dreaming,Steve is writing about the __________ content of his dreams.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of dreaming, the manifest content is the actual content of the dream that the dreamer can remember and report. The therapist asking Steve to write down everything he remembers about his dreams upon awakening is asking him to report the manifest content of his dreams. The latent content, on the other hand, refers to the hidden meaning or unconscious thoughts and desires that are symbolized by the manifest content. The activation-synthesis theory suggests that dreams are the result of random neural activity in the brain, while the unconscious refers to the part of the mind that is inaccessible to consciousness but nevertheless influences behavior and emotions.

Question 3

The activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming states that

Accepted Answer

The activation-synthesis hypothesis suggests that dreams occur because of random signals from the brainstem and cortical activity, which the brain attempts to make sense of by weaving them into a narrative. This theory suggests that the content of dreams has no real meaning, but is simply the brain's attempt to create a story out of these random signals.

Question 4

Jet lag is typically the worst when travelling

Accepted Answer

Jet lag is typically worse when travelling eastward as it disrupts the body's natural sleep-wake cycle. When travelling westward, the day is extended and it is easier to adjust to a new time zone.

Question 5

If Alice's strange adventures in Wonderland were actually the dreams of a young girl,they probably occurred when she was in __________ sleep.

Accepted Answer

Dreams, including vivid and bizarre ones like Alice's adventures, occur during REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. This stage of sleep is characterized by rapid eye movements, muscle paralysis, and increased brain activity. It is typically associated with vivid dreaming and occurs several times throughout the night, with longer and more vivid dreams occurring during later stages of REM sleep.

Question 6

Individuals who are most likely to suffer from insomnia are

Accepted Answer

Seniors (75+ year olds) are more likely to suffer from insomnia due to changes in sleep patterns, health conditions, and increased use of medications that can disrupt sleep.

Question 7

Interpretation of the ________ content of a dream is expected to reveal the ________ content.

Accepted Answer

The interpretation of the manifest content of a dream (what is directly visible and remembered by the dreamer) is expected to reveal the latent content (the hidden psychological meaning of the dream).

Question 8

Dr.Sanchez is a psychoanalyst who is interested in analyzing dreams using Freud's perspective.As a psychoanalyst,he focuses on interpreting the __________ content of his clients' dreams in an attempt to understand their unconscious wishes and thoughts that may be expressed symbolically in their dreams.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychoanalytic theory, there are two levels of content in dreams: manifest (what the dreamer remembers) and latent (the underlying, symbolic meaning). As a psychoanalyst, Dr. Sanchez would focus on interpreting the latent content in his clients' dreams to uncover their unconscious wishes and thoughts.

Question 9

The psychoanalytic theory of dreaming states that

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalytic theory of dreaming, developed by Sigmund Freud, suggests that dreams allow individuals to express their unconscious wishes and urges, including desires that may be unacceptable or repressed in waking life.

Question 10

The ________theory suggests that dreams may function to facilitate finding solutions to problems encountered while awake.

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving theory suggests that dreams may serve a function of helping individuals find solutions to problems encountered while awake. This theory proposes that dreams allow individuals to creatively approach and process information from their waking life, leading to potential insights and solutions.

Question 11

Which approach to explaining dreams is best supported by the fact that students who are worried about getting a good grade in a class often have recurring dreams of running out of time on exams,oversleeping and missing class,or suddenly realizing that a paper deadline was just missed?

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving approach suggests that dreams are a way for the brain to work through unresolved issues and problems in a person's life. In this case, the recurring dreams of running out of time or missing deadlines may be the brain's way of trying to find a solution to the student's anxiety about their academic performance.

Question 12

The synthesis aspect of the activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming relates to

Accepted Answer

The activation-synthesis hypothesis proposes that dreams are a result of random neural activity in the brainstem, which is then synthesized or made sense of by the cortex. Therefore, the synthesis aspect of this hypothesis relates to cortical activity attempting to make sense of the random neuronal firing.

Question 13

One criticism of the _______________ theory is that there is little to no evidence that the brain can find solutions to our concerns while we sleep.

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving theory proposes that dreams can help us find solutions to problems or concerns we may have while we sleep. However, there is limited scientific evidence to support this theory.

Question 14

Freud called the hidden meaning of a dream its __________ content.

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that the manifest content of a dream, or what is actually experienced and remembered by the dreamer, was a "disguised" representation of the latent content, or the unconscious wishes and desires of the dreamer. The latent content is the hidden or symbolic meaning of the dream that must be interpreted through psychoanalytic techniques.

Question 15

According to the activation-synthesis theory of dreaming,the source of a dream is neuronal firing in the

Accepted Answer

The activation-synthesis theory of dreaming posits that dreams result from the brain's attempt to make sense of random neural activity that occurs during sleep, particularly from the brainstem.

Question 16

During which part of sleep are you most likely to dream?

Accepted Answer

REM sleep is the stage of sleep during which you are most likely to dream. During this stage, your brain activity increases and your body becomes paralyzed, except for your eyes and diaphragm muscles. It is also known as the rapid eye movement stage, as your eyes move rapidly under your closed eyelids during this phase.

Question 17

The _________approach to dreaming suggests that our dreams are simply a modification of the thinking that occurs when we are awake.

Accepted Answer

The problem-solving approach to dreaming posits that dreams are a continuation or extension of our waking thought processes, aimed at working through issues or problems we encounter while awake.

Question 18

According to Freud,the visible or directly observable content of a dream is its __________ content.

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's theory of dream interpretation, the manifest content of the dream is the visible or directly observable content. This includes the sensory and emotional experiences that the dreamer reports upon waking up. The manifest content is often symbolic and needs to be interpreted to understand the underlying conflicts and desires that are represented by the dream. The latent content, on the other hand, refers to the unconscious and hidden meanings of the dream that are revealed through the process of interpretation.

Question 19

The activation-synthesis theory proposes that

Accepted Answer

The activation-synthesis theory proposes that the brain tries to make sense of random neural activity by creating dream narratives. This means that the brain is not intentionally trying to create dreams but instead is trying to make sense of the random firing of neurons during sleep.

Question 20

Insomnia affects about _______________ Canadians.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Insomnia affects about _______________ Canadians.
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Quiz 5: C: Consciousness