Question 1

Alcohol consumption ________ sympathetic nervous system activity and ________ self-awareness.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alcohol consumption ________ sympathetic nervous system activity...

Question 2

Sympathetic nervous system activity is reduced by

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a central nervous system depressant and it reduces sympathetic nervous system activity. Nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine all have stimulating effects on the sympathetic nervous system, increasing activity.

Question 3

Alcohol consumption is LEAST likely to make people more

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is a disinhibitor which can lead to increased aggression and sexual daring behavior, as well as decreased fear. However, it is unlikely to make people more self-conscious, as it generally lowers inhibitions and increases confidence.

Question 4

Participants in a sexual stimulation study who mistakenly thought they had consumed alcohol were more likely to report having strong sexual fantasies and feeling guilt-free than those who thought they had not consumed alcohol.This study best illustrated the impact of

Accepted Answer

The study shows that participants' expectations about consuming alcohol (even if mistaken) influenced their sexual experiences. This implies that user expectations have an impact on their behavior and perceptions. The other options (drug tolerance, addiction, and neuroadaptation) are not relevant to this particular study.

Question 5

Low doses of alcohol enliven a drinker by acting as a(n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Low doses of alcohol enliven a drinker...

Question 6

Alcohol consumption disrupts the formation of lasting memories by

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption suppresses REM (rapid eye movement) sleep, which is crucial for the consolidation of memories. Without proper REM sleep, memories may not be properly processed and retained in long-term memory.

Question 7

Ryan's excessive beer consumption is marked by tolerance.Abruptly stopping his beer drinking results in symptoms of withdrawal and an overwhelming urge to drink again.Ryan most clearly suffers from

Accepted Answer

The symptoms observed in Ryan, such as tolerance, withdrawal, and an overwhelming urge to drink again, are characteristic of alcohol use disorder. The other options, such as excessive self-awareness, sensory deprivation, and excess dopamine, are not directly related to the symptoms observed in Ryan.

Question 8

Soon after taking a psychoactive drug,Larisa's breathing slowed,her pupils constricted,and her feelings of anxiety were replaced by blissful pleasure.Larisa most likely experienced the effects of

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described - slowed breathing and feelings of blissful pleasure - are associated with opioids such as heroin.

Question 9

People who use ________ are often able to discontinue their drug use without professional help.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine, cocaine, and alcohol are substances that can lead to dependence, but it's recognized that some individuals are able to stop using them without professional help, depending on various factors including the level of addiction, personal motivation, and support systems.

Question 10

Nembutal,Seconal,and Amytal,drugs prescribed to reduce insomnia,are

Accepted Answer

Nembutal, Seconal, and Amytal are all classified as barbiturates, which depress the central nervous system and can be used to induce sleep or reduce anxiety.

Question 11

Sodium pentothal has sometimes been called a "truth serum" because it relaxes people and enables them to more freely disclose personally embarrassing experiences.It is most likely that sodium pentothal is a(n)

Accepted Answer

Sodium pentothal is a type of barbiturate, a class of drugs that depresses the central nervous system and can induce relaxation and sedation in individuals who take it. It is not an amphetamine, hallucinogen or form of cocaine.

Question 12

Stimulants are to caffeine as depressants are to

Accepted Answer

Heroin is a depressant, which means it slows down brain activity and bodily functions, similar to how stimulants like caffeine increase brain activity. Cocaine and LSD are stimulants, and marijuana has both stimulant and depressant effects depending on its use and the individual's response.

Question 13

When moderately intoxicated by alcohol

Accepted Answer

When moderately intoxicated, all three types of people (angry, giving, sexually aroused) tend to exhibit behavior that is more extreme than their usual behavior. This can mean increased aggression for an angry person, increased generosity for a giving person, and increased sexual activity for a sexually aroused person.

Question 14

The three main categories of psychoactive drugs are depressants,stimulants,and

Accepted Answer

The three main categories of psychoactive drugs are depressants, stimulants, and hallucinogens. Amphetamines and tranquilizers fall under these categories, so neither A nor B is the best choice. Endorphins are natural chemicals released by the body, not drugs, so D is also not the best choice. Therefore, C (hallucinogens) is the best and only choice that accurately completes the statement.

Question 15

Drugs such as alcohol and opiates that calm neural activity and slow body functions are called

Accepted Answer

Depressants are drugs that slow down the central nervous system and body functions, including heart rate, breathing, and brain activity. Alcohol and opiates (like heroin and prescription painkillers) are examples of depressants. Hallucinogens (A) are drugs that alter perception and mood, while endorphins (C) are naturally occurring chemicals that produce feelings of pain relief and pleasure in the brain. Amphetamines (D) are stimulant drugs that increase neural activity and bodily functions.

Question 16

Research on addictions indicates that

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that only a minority of people who try cocaine become addicted to it within 10 years of their first use. This suggests that addiction is not inevitable and that factors such as genetics, environment, and individual choices can influence the development of addiction. Additionally, it is not true that behaviors such as gambling cannot become addictive – in fact, gambling disorder is recognized as a diagnosable mental health condition. Finally, while many ex-smokers may benefit from some form of treatment or support in quitting smoking, it is not accurate to say that only a small minority of America's ex-smokers were able to quit on their own. The last option, regular marijuana smokers experiencing an irresistible craving for LSD, is also incorrect and unsupported by research.

Question 17

After drinking three cans of beer,Akiva felt less guilty about the way he mistreated his wife and children.Akiva's reduced guilt most likely resulted from the fact that his alcohol consumption has

Accepted Answer

Alcohol consumption can reduce self-awareness and impair judgment, leading to reduced guilt or remorse for past actions. It does not necessarily destroy brain cells or increase sympathetic nervous system arousal. The idea that alcohol consumption directs attention to the future is not supported by research.

Question 18

When heavy coffee drinkers skip their usual caffeine,they experience the effects of ________ when a headache strikes.

Accepted Answer

When heavy coffee drinkers skip their usual caffeine intake, the body goes into withdrawal. This is characterized by symptoms such as headaches, fatigue, irritability, and difficulty concentrating. These symptoms occur because caffeine is a stimulant that affects the central nervous system, and when it is abruptly stopped, the body tries to readjust to functioning without it.

Question 19

Mark's compulsive use of cocaine continues even though he knows it has damaged his health and threatens his marriage,which he wants to preserve.Mark most clearly shows signs of

Accepted Answer

Mark's continued use of cocaine despite negative consequences and desire to stop suggests that he is experiencing addiction.

Question 20

Depressant drugs include alcohol,

Accepted Answer

Depressant drugs slow down the central nervous system, and include substances such as barbiturates and opiates. Alcohol is also a depressant, but the other options listed are not depressants. Marijuana and LSD are hallucinogens, nicotine is a stimulant, and caffeine is a mild stimulant. Cocaine and amphetamines are also stimulants.

Quiz 4: Consciousness and the Two-Track Mind

Alcohol consumption sympathetic nervous system activity and self-awareness.