Question 1

Mindfulness-based stress reduction

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) is primarily based on the practice of mindfulness, which involves maintaining moment-to-moment awareness.

Question 2

The idea that the effectiveness of social support is determined by the ability of an individual's social network to provide the particular types of assistance needed in times of stress is the

Accepted Answer

The matching hypothesis suggests that the effectiveness of social support is maximized when the specific needs of an individual are matched with the appropriate types of support from their social network.

Question 3

Explain how coping styles and coping strategies moderate the experience of stress. Citing research from the text, evaluate the effectiveness of each in terms of the type of stressor with which a person might be faced.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how coping styles and coping strategies...

Question 4

What is social support? What are the benefits of having a sufficient amount of social support? What are the costs of being in a dense social network?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is social support? What are the...

Question 5

According to Repetti et al., (2002), social support from one's parents in early life _______________ in later life.

Accepted Answer

Repetti et al. found that social support from one's parents in early life is related to better health in later life.

Question 6

Relaxation training is designed to

Accepted Answer

Relaxation training is aimed at reducing the physiological arousal associated with stress. It involves techniques such as deep breathing, progressive muscle relaxation, and visualization to help individuals achieve a state of relaxation and reduce their stress levels.

Question 7

Researchers investigating disclosure have found that subjects who freely express their feelings about traumatic events

Accepted Answer

Expressing feelings about traumatic events can lead to better health outcomes, as it helps in processing emotions and reducing stress, thereby decreasing the likelihood of subsequent health problems.

Question 8

Sarah is taking a stress management class. Her instructor provides a variety of ways Sarah can combat her stress. Sarah is instructed to try several of these techniques in order to discover the skills that work best for her. The instructor is using _______________ training.

Accepted Answer

The technique described by the instructor is stress inoculation training, which is a type of cognitive behavioral therapy that helps individuals manage stress by challenging negative thoughts and beliefs and teaching coping skills. The other options listed (positive self-talk, relaxation, and time management) may be components of stress management, but they do not specifically refer to the technique being used by the instructor. Option E ("inoculation management") is not a recognized term in psychology.

Question 9

Explain how individual differences in personality are related to coping, and in turn health.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain how individual differences in personality are...

Question 10

Relaxation training therapies include

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are included in relaxation training therapies. These therapies aim to help individuals reduce physiological arousal, alleviate psychological distress, and return to their pre-stress activities. Specific techniques used in these therapies may include progressive muscle relaxation training, yoga, and hypnosis, among others.

Question 11

The interplay of the stress experienced and expressed by one partner and the coping reactions of the other, is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The interplay between stress experienced and expressed by one partner and the coping reactions of the other is referred to as dyadic coping.

Question 12

Research indicates that exercise may be a useful resource for combating the adverse effects of stress. Your text suggests this may be because exercise

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that exercise can modulate immune activity during periods of stress. This means that exercise may help keep the immune system functioning properly during times of stress, which can be helpful in combatting the negative effects of stress on the body. Exercise has not been shown to always increase cognitive processes or decrease exogenous opioids, and while it does increase endorphin levels, this is not the only reason it is effective in reducing the effects of stress.

Question 13

Individuals that cause you special stress are

Accepted Answer

Individuals that cause you special stress are referred to as stress carriers. This term acknowledges that the stress is not necessarily inherent to the situation, but rather brought into it by the individual. By recognizing this, you can work to manage your own response to the person and minimize the impact of their behavior on you.

Question 14

Explain what is meant by the term stress moderator. Identify three psychological variables and three social variables that have been found to moderate stress. Citing research from the text, explain the relationship between these variables and the experience of stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain what is meant by the term...

Question 15

Your dormitory suitemate is suffering from stress due to final exams. Using the techniques described in the text, design a simple stress management program. Explain the function of each component and why it should be included in the program.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your dormitory suitemate is suffering from stress...

Question 16

Stress management programs

Accepted Answer

Stress management programs have been found to be beneficial in controlling stress-related disorders, such as anxiety and depression, and reducing risk factors associated with coronary heart disease. Research has shown that these programs can improve overall health outcomes and reduce healthcare costs. While they can be conducted on an individual basis, they are often offered in group settings led by licensed professionals.

Question 17

According to research on gender, marriage, and social support,

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that support from a partner, usually a spouse, is very protective of health for men while women's health is only slightly benefited by marriage. Being in an unsatisfying marriage confers health risks, and exiting a marriage also entails health risks. Therefore, all the given statements relating to marriage and health are true.

Question 18

An important variable in understanding the mechanism by which stress is moderated by social support appears to be the manner in which social support is assessed. When social support has been measured in terms of social integration, _______________ have been found. When subjective levels of social support have been assessed, however, _______________ have been found.

Accepted Answer

Direct effects are found when social support is measured in terms of social integration, while buffering effects are found when subjective levels of social support are assessed.

Question 19

Stress management programs typically involve _______________ phases.

Accepted Answer

Stress management programs typically involve three phases: (1) the assessment phase, (2) the intervention phase, and (3) the evaluation phase. During the assessment phase, individuals are assessed for their stress levels and the factors contributing to their stress. In the intervention phase, individuals are provided with techniques and strategies to manage their stress, such as relaxation techniques and time management skills. In the evaluation phase, the effectiveness of the program is assessed to determine if any changes need to be made.

Quiz 7: Coping, Resilience, and Social Support