Question 1

In contrast to therapy offered according to classic psychoanalytical theory, newer approaches focus less on childhood sexuality and more on

Accepted Answer

Newer approaches in therapy, such as attachment-based therapy, focus less on childhood sexuality and more on attachment patterns and how they influence adult relationships and behaviors.

Question 2

Just like how a mother will fail to attend to the needs of a child, no matter how well intended, a therapist will occasionally fail to attend to the needs of a patient. Negotiating this pattern within a relationship has been termed

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the pattern within a therapeutic relationship where there is a rupture (failure to attend to the patient's needs) followed by repair (working to restore the relationship) is "rupture and repair." Transference and countertransference (A) refers to the tendency for patients and therapists to transfer emotions and attitudes from past relationships onto each other; idealization and fixation (C) is not a recognized term within the field of therapy; and disappointment and despair (D) is not a commonly used term to describe this phenomenon.

Question 3

A therapist points out the similarities between her female patient's current anger at a female boss and the childhood anger she felt toward her mother. The goal of psychoanalysis this illustrates is

Accepted Answer

The therapist is identifying a transference, where the patient's feelings and attitudes toward figures from their past unconsciously transfer onto figures in their present life. By pointing out the similarities between the patient's anger at her boss and the anger she felt toward her mother in childhood, the therapist is helping the patient to recognize and explore this transference in order to gain insight and work through unresolved issues from her past. Options A, B, and D do not accurately capture this process of transference identification and exploration.

Question 4

The psychobiological push to repeat experiences that have become associated with tension reduction is known as the _____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The psychobiological push to repeat experiences that...

Question 5

In contrast to traditional psychoanalysis, current psychodynamic psychotherapy approaches are less

Accepted Answer

Current psychodynamic psychotherapy approaches tend to be less intensive than traditional psychoanalysis, which often required multiple sessions per week over several years.

Question 6

The ability to hold onto one's own experience while simultaneously experiencing another as an independent center of subjectivity is termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ability to hold onto one's own...

Question 7

In contrast to short-term therapies, Leichsenring and Rabung (2008) found that, in the treatment of complex psychological disorders, long-term psychoanalytical therapies were

Accepted Answer

Leichsenring and Rabung (2008) found that long-term psychoanalytical therapies were more effective overall in treating complex psychological disorders compared to short-term therapies. This suggests that the benefits of the therapy outweigh the potential drawbacks of a longer treatment duration. There is no mention in the article about patient satisfaction levels.

Question 8

As part of the process of normal development, children defend against feelings that are threatening by projecting them onto an attachment figure. When patients attempt to project their distress onto the therapist, it is important for the therapist to engage in __________ (i.e., attend to their own painful emotions).

Accepted Answer

The answer of As part of the process of normal...

Question 9

From a contemporary psychoanalytic perspective, the most fundamental intervention is

Accepted Answer

In contemporary psychoanalytic theory, empathy is considered the most fundamental intervention because it forms the basis of the therapeutic relationship and creates a safe space for the patient to explore their inner world. Through empathic understanding, the therapist can help the patient gain insight into their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, leading to a greater sense of self-awareness and potential for change.

Question 10

In working with patients, therapists must learn to attend to their own emotional reactions and process disturbing emotions in a nondefensive, nonjudgmental manner. This is referred to as

Accepted Answer

The concept described refers to the ability to contain one's own emotional reactions and process them in a non-defensive, non-judgmental manner. This is necessary in therapy in order to maintain a safe and secure space for the patient, and is known as containment. Rupture, interpretations and enactments all refer to different concepts in therapy, but do not specifically involve the therapist's ability to contain their own emotions.

Question 11

When Freud revised his psychological model to a structural model, he proposed _____, _____, and _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Freud revised his psychological model to...

Question 12

Psychoanalytical therapies rely heavily on therapists providing clients with ways to become aware of aspects of their intrapsychic experiences that have previously been unconscious. In other words, they rely on

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalytical therapies focus on bringing the unconscious into consciousness, and this is done through interpretations by the therapist. The therapist helps the client understand the latent meanings behind their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Enactments may be used in some forms of therapy, but they are not a central aspect of psychoanalytic therapy. Reconstruction involves helping the client remember and make sense of past experiences, but this is not the primary goal of the therapy. Confrontations may be used to challenge patterns of behavior or thinking, but they are not the primary way in which unconscious material is brought to consciousness.

Question 13

The major psychoanalytic tradition emerging out of some of Freud's more mature thinking came to be known as_______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major psychoanalytic tradition emerging out of...

Question 14

_____________ is conceptualized as the tendency for an individual to resist change or act in a way that undermines the therapeutic process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________ is conceptualized as the tendency for...

Question 15

In 1923, Freud published The Ego and the Id and laid out the foundations for what subsequently became known as his ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 1923, Freud published The Ego and...

Question 16

John Bowlby theorized that infants develop early representations of attachment figures and referred to these representations as

Accepted Answer

John Bowlby referred to these representations as "internal working models" of attachment figures, which guide an infant's expectations and behaviors in future relationships.

Question 17

Jacques Lacan would argue that the ego is a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Lacan, the ego is an illusion, a false sense of self that is constructed through language and social interactions. It is not a biological entity or a psychic discharge, and it is not a catharsis, which refers to the release of emotions or tensions.

Question 18

The publication of Freud's _____________________ in 1900 began to attract attention from a wider professional audience.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The publication of Freud's _____________________ in 1900...

Question 19

Heinz Kohut, who studied the narcissistic personality, viewed its development as the result of the parental figures' failed attempts to appropriately respond to a child's early attention seeking. Therefore, he underscored the importance of a therapist

Accepted Answer

Kohut emphasized the importance of an empathic stance in therapy to provide the patient with the attention and responsiveness they missed in early childhood.

Question 20

If a therapist finds himself/herself reacting to a patient in a manner similar to a previous person in his or her life, this is known as _________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a therapist finds himself/herself reacting to...

Quiz 2: Psychoanalytic Psychotherapies Jeremy D Safran, Alexander Kriss and Victoria Foley