Question 1

It is said that the famous writer Victor Hugo controlled his work habits in his study by having his servant take his clothes away and not bring them back until the end of the day.This is an example of:
A)counterconditioning
B)response cost
C)symbolic modeling
D)situational inducement

Accepted Answer

Victor Hugo's method of controlling his work habits by having his servant take away his clothes to prevent him from leaving his study is an example of situational inducement. This strategy involves modifying the environment in a way that changes the likelihood of engaging in a particular behavior, in this case, ensuring that Hugo remained in his study to work.

Question 2

A behavioral technique in which a client rehearses particular behaviors in a practice setting to increase the likelihood that the client will follow those behaviors in the real world is called:
A)symbolic modeling
B)generalized imitation
C)role-playing
D)participant modeling

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the question is role-playing, which involves rehearsing specific behaviors in a simulated situation to make them more likely to occur in the real world. Symbolic modeling involves presenting a model performing the desired behavior without the client actually rehearsing it. Generalized imitation involves imitating a variety of behaviors without specific rehearsal. Participant modeling involves the therapist demonstrating the desired behavior and the client gradually participating in the behavior.

Question 3

If after having been reinforced for imitating a number of behaviors, an individual imitates a completely new behavior the first time that behavior is modeled, we say that____________ has occurred.
A)novel generalization
B)participant modeling
C)symbolic modeling
D)generalized imitation.

Accepted Answer

Generalized imitation refers to the phenomenon where, after learning to imitate a variety of behaviors, an individual starts to imitate new behaviors they haven't been specifically trained to imitate. This shows a generalization of the imitation skill beyond the initially learned behaviors.

Question 4

A procedure in which a client practices particular behaviors in a practice setting to increase the likelihood that those behaviors will occur appropriately in the real world is called:
A)contingency shaping
B)rule-governed control
C)modeling
D)behavioral rehearsal

Accepted Answer

Behavioral rehearsal involves practicing particular behaviors in a practice setting in order to increase the likelihood that those behaviors will occur appropriately in the real world. Contingency shaping is a process of gradually changing behavior through reinforcement of successive approximations, rule-governed control involves behavior controlled by verbal rules or instructions, and modeling involves observing and imitating the behavior of others.

Question 5

Other people's actions may become SDs for engaging in similar actions because the response of imitating often results in reinforcement.This is one process by which imitative behavior is learned.

Accepted Answer

When we see others engaging in certain actions and receiving reinforcement, we may be more likely to imitate those actions in the future, especially if we want to receive similar reinforcement. Thus, other people's actions can become SDs (discriminative stimuli) for engaging in similar behavior.

Question 6

A parent tells a child, "If you clean your room every night before you go to bed this week, I'll take you to a movie on Saturday," and the child complies.This exemplifies:
A)situational inducement
B)environmental prompting
C)contingency-shaped behavior
D)rule-governed behavior

Accepted Answer

This scenario exemplifies rule-governed behavior because the child is following a verbal rule or instruction given by the parent to achieve a specific outcome (going to a movie).

Question 7

In order to "get up the energy" to follow her usual exercise routine on a Saturday afternoon, the exercise buff places some dumbbells in the center of the den (where she usually exercises)and turns on the TV to the local fitness channel.Which category of situational inducement is the exerciser practicing?
A)relocate people
B)rearrange the existing surroundings
C)move the activity to a new location
D)change the time of the activity

Accepted Answer

The exerciser is rearranging her existing surroundings by putting the dumbbells in the center of the den and turning on the TV to the fitness channel, in order to motivate herself to exercise.

Question 8

Which of the following is not likely to influence the effectiveness of modeling as a behavior modification technique?
A)arrange for peers to be models
B)counterconditioning
C)show the behavior and its effects
D)use multiple models

Accepted Answer

Counterconditioning is not related to the effectiveness of modeling as a behavior modification technique. Modeling is based on observational learning where an individual learns by watching others perform the desired behavior, the effectiveness of which can be influenced by factors such as the presence of peers as models, demonstrating the behavior and its positive effects, and using multiple models to provide diverse examples. Counterconditioning, on the other hand, involves replacing an unwanted behavior with a more desired behavior or response, and is a separate technique of behavior modification.

Question 9

Which of the following procedures would you probably use if you wanted to decrease an excessive behavior?
A)operant extinction
B)respondent extinction
C)shaping
D)fading

Accepted Answer

Operant extinction is a procedure used to decrease a behavior by no longer reinforcing it. This can be effective in decreasing an excessive behavior if the behavior is being maintained by reinforcement. Respondent extinction, shaping, and fading are not necessarily designed to decrease a behavior, but instead focus on either eliminating a conditioned response or gradually shaping a behavior toward a desired outcome.

Question 10

After many interruptions while trying to write the behavior modification text at the university, Martin and Pear began working at one of their homes.Which category of situational inducement did they apply?
A)relocate people
B)rearrange the existing surroundings
C)move the activity to a new location
D)change the time of the activity

Accepted Answer

Martin and Pear applied the situational inducement of moving the activity to a new location by choosing to work at one of their homes instead of the university to avoid interruptions.

Question 11

From a behavioral point of view, imitative learning is considered to be innate in higher species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of From a behavioral point of view, imitative...

Question 12

The term ____________involves influencing a particular behavior by using situations and occasions that already exert control over the behavior.
A)situational inducement
B)participant modeling
C)rule-governed behavior
D)generalized imitation

Accepted Answer

Situational inducement involves using situational cues or prompts to influence or reinforce a particular behavior. This can include environmental cues, social cues, and different occasions or situations that are associated with the behavior in question. It can be a powerful tool in behavior modification, as it works by leveraging existing habits and routines to encourage the desired change.

Question 13

Which of the following is not an example of antecedent control:
A)modeling
B)positive reinforcement
C)physical guidance
D)situational inducement

Accepted Answer

Antecedent control refers to manipulating environmental factors to increase or decrease the likelihood of a behavior occurring. Modeling, physical guidance, and situational inducement are all examples of antecedent control, as they all involve manipulating environmental factors to influence behavior. Positive reinforcement is a consequence that follows a behavior and therefore is not an example of antecedent control.

Question 14

Which of the following is not a strategy to be followed to influence the effectiveness of modelling?
A)arrange for peers to be models
B)arrange for the modelled behavior to be seen to be ineffective
C)use multiple models
D)combine modelling with rules

Accepted Answer

Arranging for the modelled behavior to be seen as ineffective is a strategy to influence the effectiveness of modelling. The other three strategies - arranging for peers to be models, using multiple models, and combining modelling with rules - are all effective strategies to influence the effectiveness of modelling.

Question 15

Presenting physical contact to guide someone through appropriate behavior is called:
A)gestural prompting
B)participant modeling
C)modeling
D)physical guidance

Accepted Answer

Physical guidance involves using physical contact to guide someone through appropriate behavior, such as physically moving someone's hand to show them how to complete a task. Gestural prompting involves using nonverbal cues, such as pointing or nodding, to guide someone's behavior. Participant modeling involves demonstrating appropriate behavior and encouraging the individual to imitate it. Modeling involves showing someone how to behave through observation and imitation. However, physical contact is not necessarily involved in these types of prompting.

Question 16

Stimulus discrimination and fading are two procedures used to get a desired behavior to occur in the presence of appropriate stimuli.

Accepted Answer

Stimulus discrimination involves teaching the individual to respond to one specific stimulus and not to others. Fading involves gradually changing the stimulus to be closer to the desired behavior, making it easier for the individual to succeed. Both are used to help shape and maintain desired behaviors.

Question 17

According to the proposed guidelines for the use of instruction, modeling, and physical guidance, what behavioral principle is used with all three procedures?
A)positive reinforcement
B)shaping
C)response cost
D)fading

Accepted Answer

Positive reinforcement is used with instruction, modeling, and physical guidance to increase the likelihood of the desired behavior being repeated.

Question 18

To stop drinking, an alcoholic surrounds himself with members of Alcoholics Anonymous and stops seeing his old drinking buddies.This is an example of symbolic modeling.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of behavior modification through changing one's environment and social influences, not symbolic modeling. Symbolic modeling involves learning through the observation of others' behaviors and the outcomes of those behaviors, rather than directly changing one's own environment and social circle.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a proposed category of situational inducement?
A)relocating people
B)counterconditioning
C)moving the activity to a new location
D)changing the time of the activity

Accepted Answer

The other choices - relocating people, moving the activity to a new location, and changing the time of the activity - all involve changing the situation in some way to induce a desired behavior. Counterconditioning, on the other hand, is a strategy for changing an individual's response to a stimulus by pairing it with a different response. While it can be used in combination with situational inducement techniques, it is not a category of situational inducement in itself.

Question 20

Punishment is an important antecedent control procedure.

Accepted Answer

Antecedent control procedures involve modifying the environment before a behavior occurs to influence future occurrences of the behavior, while punishment involves applying consequences after a behavior to decrease its future occurrences.

Quiz 31: Shaping and Schedules of Reinforcement: A Comprehensive Guide

It is said that the famous writer Victor Hugo controlled his work habits in his study by having his servant take his clothes away and not bring them back until the end of the day.This is an example of:

A behavioral technique in which a client rehearses particular behaviors in a practice setting to increase the likelihood that the client will follow those behaviors in the real world is called:

If after having been reinforced for imitating a number of behaviors, an individual imitates a completely new behavior the first time that behavior is modeled, we say that____________ has occurred.

A procedure in which a client practices particular behaviors in a practice setting to increase the likelihood that those behaviors will occur appropriately in the real world is called:

Other people's actions may become SDs for engaging in similar actions because the response of imitating often results in reinforcement.This is one process by which imitative behavior is learned.

A parent tells a child, "If you clean your room every night before you go to bed this week, I'll take you to a movie on Saturday," and the child complies.This exemplifies:

Which of the following is not likely to influence the effectiveness of modeling as a behavior modification technique?

Which of the following procedures would you probably use if you wanted to decrease an excessive behavior?

After many interruptions while trying to write the behavior modification text at the university, Martin and Pear began working at one of their homes.Which category of situational inducement did they apply?

From a behavioral point of view, imitative learning is considered to be innate in higher species.

The term ____________involves influencing a particular behavior by using situations and occasions that already exert control over the behavior.

Which of the following is not an example of antecedent control:

Which of the following is not a strategy to be followed to influence the effectiveness of modelling?

Presenting physical contact to guide someone through appropriate behavior is called:

Stimulus discrimination and fading are two procedures used to get a desired behavior to occur in the presence of appropriate stimuli.

According to the proposed guidelines for the use of instruction, modeling, and physical guidance, what behavioral principle is used with all three procedures?

To stop drinking, an alcoholic surrounds himself with members of Alcoholics Anonymous and stops seeing his old drinking buddies.This is an example of symbolic modeling.

Which of the following is not a proposed category of situational inducement?

Punishment is an important antecedent control procedure.