Question 1

Candida has had Alzheimer's disease for over a decade. In an effort to help slow her memory loss, therapists have begun asking her simple questions, waiting for 10 seconds, then, if Candida gets the item correct, re-asking the question after a slightly longer time delay. Candida's intervention is based on
A) spaced retrieval.
B) a circadian rhythm task.
C) recognition.
D) an internal belief system.

Accepted Answer

Candida's intervention is based on spaced retrieval, a memory technique that involves gradually increasing the time between the presentation of information and the test of recall. This technique has been shown to be effective in improving memory in individuals with Alzheimer's disease. The other options (B, C, and D) do not accurately describe Candida's intervention.

Question 2

Apolipoprotein E4 appears to play a role in
A) depression.
B) transient ischemic attack.
C) Alzheimer's disease.
D) Parkinson's disease.

Accepted Answer

Apolipoprotein E4 is a genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. It is involved in the metabolism of lipids and cholesterol in the brain and may contribute to the formation of amyloid plaques, which are characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.

Question 3

Which of the following factors is NOT involved in helping a person become wise?
A) general personal conditions
B) specific expertise conditions
C) facilitative life contexts
D) developmental and social challenges

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following factors is NOT...

Question 4

Based on the seriousness of age-related mental health conditions, which diagnoses would you most want to avoid?
A) phobic disorder
B) depression
C) delirium
D) dementia

Accepted Answer

Dementia is a serious and irreversible age-related mental health condition that can result in significant impairment in memory, thinking, and behavior. It is a progressive disease that can significantly impact quality of life and daily functioning. Therefore, it is most important to avoid this diagnosis. While phobic disorder and depression are also serious conditions, they can be treated with psychotherapy and/or medication. Delirium is a temporary condition that can be reversed with appropriate medical treatment.

Question 5

In the research conducted by Camp and Skrajner (2005) discussed in your textbook, it was found that patients with dementia may have the capacity to learn to be skilled group leaders. What was the most salient limitation of this research?
A) It only involved four participants.
B) It only involved European American participants.
C) It only involved female participants.
D) It only involved participants from low socioeconomic statuses.

Accepted Answer

The most salient limitation of this research was that it only involved four participants, which limits the generalizability of the findings to a larger population.

Question 6

Howard has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. One of the many symptoms from which he suffers is ________, which refers to a loss of control of his bladder or bowels.
A) incontinence
B) agnosia
C) apraxia
D) aphasia

Accepted Answer

Incontinence refers to a loss of control of bladder or bowel movements, which is a common symptom in people with Alzheimer's disease. Agnosia refers to the inability to recognize or identify objects, apraxia refers to the inability to perform purposeful movements, and aphasia refers to the loss of ability to understand or express speech.

Question 7

Which of the following concepts was the foundation of using spaced retrieval to combat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?
A) the "spit in the soup" approach
B) OCEAN
C) behavioral activation
D) E-I-E-I-O

Accepted Answer

The concept of spaced retrieval, or the spaced repetition technique, is based on the principle of "E-I-E-I-O," which stands for "errorless learning, immediate feedback, escape, and 'I did it myself' opportunities." This approach is utilized in cognitive rehabilitation strategies, including those for Alzheimer's disease, to enhance memory retention by leveraging the spacing effect.

Question 8

Which statement about depression is true?
A) Physical symptoms may include loss of appetite, insomnia, and trouble breathing.
B) In older people, trouble breathing is a very good predictor of depression.
C) It is easy to diagnose as the symptoms are unlike any other disorder.
D) It does not involve any significant impairment in daily life activities.

Accepted Answer

Physical symptoms such as loss of appetite, insomnia, and trouble breathing can be present in depression. Option B) is incorrect as there is no evidence to suggest that trouble breathing is a good predictor of depression in older people. Option C) is incorrect as depression can have symptoms that overlap with other mental health disorders, making it difficult to diagnose. Option D) is incorrect as depression often results in significant impairment of daily life activities.

Question 9

People who study population trends are called psychometricians.

Accepted Answer

People who study population trends are called demographers or population scientists, not psychometricians.

Question 10

Dwight is an older adult who is being treated for depression symptoms by his physician. Which of the following would NOT be a class of medication that might be prescribed in this case?
A) nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
B) heterocyclic antidepressants (HCAs)
C) monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors
D) selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

Accepted Answer

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are not a class of medication used to treat depression. Heterocyclic antidepressants (HCAs), monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors, and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are all commonly used medications for depression treatment.

Question 11

Later onset Alzheimer's disease may be linked to ________ genes, which are those that increase one's likelihood of developing the illness in question.
A) concordance
B) eruption
C) risk
D) ascension

Accepted Answer

Risk genes are those that increase one's likelihood of developing a particular illness or condition. In the case of Alzheimer's disease, having certain risk genes may increase the likelihood of developing the disease, particularly in later life.

Question 12

Marita has been feeling depressed lately. She is 68 years of age, is unmarried, and rarely speaks with her children. Her most prominent depression symptom is probably ________.
A) physical aches and pains
B) an inability to get out of bed
C) a loss of appetite
D) dysphoria

Accepted Answer

Dysphoria is a persistent feeling of sadness or dissatisfaction that can be a prominent symptom of depression. This description matches Marita's situation as an unmarried 68-year-old woman who rarely speaks with her children, which could contribute to her feelings of loneliness and dissatisfaction. While physical symptoms like a loss of appetite and aches and pains can also be associated with depression, the fact that dysphoria is specifically mentioned as a possible symptom suggests that it is the best choice here. An inability to get out of bed could also be a symptom of depression, but it is not mentioned in Marita's case.

Question 13

Camp and Skrajner (2005) decided to determine whether those with dementia could be trained to be group leaders by using the _______ method.
A) Induction
B) Lamaze
C) Montessori
D) Mosner

Accepted Answer

The Montessori method is commonly used in education for individuals with cognitive impairments, so it is likely the best choice in the context of training individuals with dementia to be group leaders.

Question 14

In the view of depression that focuses on psychosocial factors, one's beliefs about the causes of certain events in their life is called their ________ belief system.
A) positive
B) internal
C) attributive
D) external

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the view of depression that focuses...

Question 15

Transmission of what sort of proteins across neurons has offered hope that a drug or other effective therapy for Alzheimer's disease could be developed?
A) tau
B) gamma
C) epsilon
D) psi

Accepted Answer

The transmission of tau proteins across neurons has offered hope for the development of Alzheimer's disease treatment. Tau protein helps to stabilize the structure of neurons, and the accumulation of tau protein in the brain is linked with the development of Alzheimer's disease. Several drug development strategies are focused on limiting the spread and accumulation of tau protein in the brain to slow or stop Alzheimer's disease progression.

Question 16

The rate of depression in healthy people ________ from young adulthood to old age.
A) is impossible to assess
B) increases
C) stays stable
D) declines

Accepted Answer

Research shows that the rate of depression tends to decrease from young adulthood to old age in healthy individuals. This may be due to various factors, such as increased resilience, improved coping skills, and a greater sense of life satisfaction. However, it's important to note that depression can still occur in older adults and may be overlooked or underdiagnosed.

Question 17

The basic idea behind ________ therapy, when used to treat depression, is that the sufferer is experiencing too few rewards or reinforcements from their environment.
A) cognitive
B) behavior
C) interpersonal
D) humanistic

Accepted Answer

The basic idea behind behavior therapy is that behavior is shaped by environmental factors, such as rewards and punishments. When treating depression, behavior therapy focuses on increasing positive behaviors and reinforcements, as it is believed that the sufferer is not receiving enough positive reinforcement from their environment. This can include activities such as increasing social engagement or rewarding oneself for completing tasks.

Question 18

If a person is told that they have an autosomal dominant inheritance of Alzheimer's disease, how should they respond?
A) They should be very concerned, because there is a 100% chance that they are going to develop the disease.
B) They should be mildly concerned, because there is a 50% chance that they are going to develop the disease.
C) They should only be a little concerned, because there is only a 10% chance that they are going to develop the disease.
D) They should celebrate, because there is no chance that they are going to develop the disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If a person is told that they...

Question 19

Sheldon is seeing a therapist for treatment of his depression symptoms. His therapist helps him learn to identify when he is engaging in negative, automatic thoughts, and then they work on changing those thoughts to more positive ones. Sheldon is being treated with ________ therapy.
A) cognitive
B) behavioral
C) existential
D) humanistic

Accepted Answer

Sheldon's therapy focuses on identifying and changing negative automatic thoughts, which suggests he is being treated with cognitive therapy. Behavioral therapy often focuses on changing specific behaviors, while existential and humanistic therapies are more concerned with exploring the meaning and purpose of life.

Question 20

Approximately ______ percent of all adults over the age of 85, irrespective of ethnicity, race, or socioeconomic status, suffer from Alzheimer's disease.
A) 10
B) 25
C) 38
D) 50

Accepted Answer

According to the Alzheimer's Association, approximately 50% of all adults over the age of 85 suffer from Alzheimer's disease.

Quiz 14: The Personal Context of Later Life: Physical, Cognitive, and Mental Health Issues

Apolipoprotein E4 appears to play a role in

Which of the following factors is NOT involved in helping a person become wise?

Based on the seriousness of age-related mental health conditions, which diagnoses would you most want to avoid?

In the research conducted by Camp and Skrajner (2005) discussed in your textbook, it was found that patients with dementia may have the capacity to learn to be skilled group leaders. What was the most salient limitation of this research?

Howard has been diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. One of the many symptoms from which he suffers is ________, which refers to a loss of control of his bladder or bowels.

Which of the following concepts was the foundation of using spaced retrieval to combat the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease?

Which statement about depression is true?

People who study population trends are called psychometricians.

Dwight is an older adult who is being treated for depression symptoms by his physician. Which of the following would NOT be a class of medication that might be prescribed in this case?

Later onset Alzheimer's disease may be linked to ________ genes, which are those that increase one's likelihood of developing the illness in question.

Marita has been feeling depressed lately. She is 68 years of age, is unmarried, and rarely speaks with her children. Her most prominent depression symptom is probably ________.

Camp and Skrajner (2005) decided to determine whether those with dementia could be trained to be group leaders by using the _______ method.

In the view of depression that focuses on psychosocial factors, one's beliefs about the causes of certain events in their life is called their ________ belief system.

Transmission of what sort of proteins across neurons has offered hope that a drug or other effective therapy for Alzheimer's disease could be developed?

The rate of depression in healthy people ________ from young adulthood to old age.

The basic idea behind ________ therapy, when used to treat depression, is that the sufferer is experiencing too few rewards or reinforcements from their environment.

If a person is told that they have an autosomal dominant inheritance of Alzheimer's disease, how should they respond?

Sheldon is seeing a therapist for treatment of his depression symptoms. His therapist helps him learn to identify when he is engaging in negative, automatic thoughts, and then they work on changing those thoughts to more positive ones. Sheldon is being treated with ________ therapy.

Approximately ______ percent of all adults over the age of 85, irrespective of ethnicity, race, or socioeconomic status, suffer from Alzheimer's disease.