Question 1

In the low-effort hierarchy of effects,consumers will try an innovation before forming an attitude about it.

Accepted Answer

In the low-effort hierarchy of effects, consumers are more likely to engage in passive behaviors such as trying an innovation before forming an attitude about it, rather than actively seeking out information and developing an attitude beforehand. This is because they perceive the innovation as requiring low effort or involvement on their part.

Question 2

The four stages of the product life cycle are: (1)introduction,(2)growth,(3)maturity,and (4)decline.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. The product life cycle describes the stages a product goes through from its initial introduction to its eventual decline and removal from the market. These stages are typically introduction, growth, maturity, and decline.

Question 3

Panera Bread adds a new item on its menu every 8 weeks.

Accepted Answer

Panera Bread follows a seasonal menu and introduces new items every 8 weeks to keep their menu fresh and in line with current food trends.

Question 4

Most new products are continuous innovations.

Accepted Answer

Continuous innovations refer to small or incremental changes made to existing products, which is most commonly seen in new product introductions. Therefore, most new products are continuous innovations rather than radical or disruptive innovations, which completely change the market and require significant shifts in consumer behavior.

Question 5

To be considered an innovation,a product must offer functional benefits that are better than existing products.

Accepted Answer

Innovation can also include improvements in design, user experience, or cost-effectiveness, not solely functional benefits.

Question 6

Companies whose innovations are not adopted because switching costs are too high should create incentives for switching,to lower those costs.

Accepted Answer

If the switching costs are too high for customers, it may deter them from adopting a company's new innovations, even if they are superior to what they are currently using. In this case, the company should provide incentives to customers for switching, such as discounts or free trials, to lower those costs and encourage adoption. This approach can ultimately benefit the company by expanding their customer base and increasing revenue.

Question 7

Digital cameras were a continuous innovation when they were introduced.

Accepted Answer

Digital cameras were a disruptive innovation because they fundamentally changed how photos were taken, stored, and shared, displacing film cameras and altering the photography industry.

Question 8

Modernity is the extent to which consumers in the social system realize that modern equipment is better than old equipment.

Accepted Answer

Modernity generally refers to the cultural, intellectual, and societal developments and ways of life that emerged in Europe from the late 17th century onwards, emphasizing reason, science, individualism, and progress rather than the extent to which consumers recognize modern equipment as superior to old equipment.

Question 9

The Internet was a discontinuous innovation.

Accepted Answer

The Internet was a discontinuous innovation because it represented a significant departure from previous communication technologies and created new possibilities for communication and commerce.

Question 10

Baking soda has a sizable innovation width in that it has many different uses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Baking soda has a sizable innovation width...

Question 11

Margaret refuses to upgrade to Windows 2007 because she understands and is comfortable with Windows 98.This could be considered a symbolic innovation.

Accepted Answer

Symbolic innovation refers to changes that symbolize or represent new ideas or values, rather than practical changes in technology or process. Refusing to upgrade from Windows 98 to a newer version is an example of resistance to technological change, not symbolic innovation.

Question 12

Studies indicate that the earlier someone adopts an innovation,the more prestige is associated with it.

Accepted Answer

This is known as the "innovator's dilemma" and is a common phenomenon in various fields, including technology and fashion. Early adopters are often seen as trendsetters and innovators, which can lead to increased prestige and social status. As the innovation becomes more mainstream, the prestige associated with it tends to decrease.

Question 13

Diffusion reflects the behaviors of an individual.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion refers to the process by which particles move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration, not the behaviors of an individual.

Question 14

John is a successful attorney,but he refuses to adopt an electronic file system and instead keeps paper records.His fear is that if something is not written down it is not permanent.John would be considered a laggard.

Accepted Answer

A laggard is a person who is resistant to change and adopts new technologies and methodologies slowly or late. John's refusal to adopt an electronic file system, citing his fear of relying on something that is not written down, indicates his reluctance to embrace new technology, making him a laggard.

Question 15

An innovation does not necessarily have to be new as long as consumers perceive it as new.

Accepted Answer

Consumers' perception of novelty is a key factor in determining whether an innovation is successful or not, regardless of whether or not it is actually new. This is because consumers are often more concerned with the benefits an innovation can bring them rather than the technical details of whether it is truly new or not.

Question 16

NorthWest Energy has a new program encouraging consumers to use energy efficient CFL bulbs instead of traditional incandescent bulbs.This program is an innovation.

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions that NorthWest Energy has a new program that encourages a certain behavior (using energy efficient CFL bulbs). This is an example of innovation, as it involves introducing a new approach in order to address an issue (energy efficiency).

Question 17

Research indicates that consumers are more uncertain about the usefulness of a continuous innovation than discontinuous innovation.

Accepted Answer

Continuous innovation involves minor improvements or simple adjustments to existing products, making it easier for consumers to understand and adopt, whereas discontinuous innovation introduces groundbreaking changes that can initially lead to higher uncertainty regarding its usefulness.

Question 18

Characteristics of the social system may affect the speed of a products' diffusion.

Accepted Answer

The social system, including factors such as communication channels, cultural norms, and social networks, can impact how quickly a product is adopted by consumers. For example, if a product aligns with existing cultural values or is heavily promoted through influential social networks, it may diffuse more rapidly.

Question 19

Ideas cannot be described as innovations.

Accepted Answer

Ideas can be described as innovations when they are implemented and create value by solving problems or addressing needs in new ways.

Question 20

Ronald waited about a year after it was introduced to get a new HD DVD player.He is considered an innovator.

Accepted Answer

Ronald waited a year after the introduction, which indicates that he is not an innovator but rather an early majority adopter, as innovators usually adopt new technology much earlier.

Quiz 15: Innovations: Adoption, Resistance, and Diffusion