Question 1

The ENRICHD randomized trial tested the effect of either cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or of standard medical follow-up in cardiovascular patients. The results indicated that patients in the CBT group had ________ depression and social scores, and ________ clinical outcomes.

Accepted Answer

The ENRICHD study found that patients receiving cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) showed improvement in depression and social scores, but these improvements did not translate into better clinical outcomes, hence the clinical outcomes remained unchanged.

Question 2

The CREATE randomized trial compared an antidepressant, citalopram, to a placebo used alongside interpersonal therapy (IPT) in cardiovascular patients. The results show that the antidepressant ________ and that the IPT ________.

Accepted Answer

The CREATE trial found that citalopram effectively reduced the symptoms of depression in cardiovascular patients, while interpersonal therapy (IPT) did not show a significant effect in reducing depression symptoms compared to the control conditions.

Question 3

People who have "vitality" ________.

Accepted Answer

Vitality refers to a state of being strong, active, and full of energy. People with high levels of vitality typically have effective coping skills, which help them manage stress and challenges in a healthy way.

Question 4

Patients who receive cognitive restructuring (CR) treatment following cardiac events ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Patients who receive cognitive restructuring (CR) treatment...

Question 5

In the SUPRIM trial, cardiovascular patients who received stress management via cognitive behavioural therapy ________.

Accepted Answer

The SUPRIM trial found that cardiovascular patients who received stress management through cognitive behavioural therapy showed an improvement in cardiovascular endpoints, indicating the effectiveness of such interventions in improving cardiovascular health outcomes.

Question 6

Briefly describe the main types of psychological adjustment required in cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly describe the main types of psychological...

Question 7

Briefly explain how each of the risk factors of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is modifiable through behavioural changes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain how each of the risk...

Question 8

Outline the various goals and strategies employed to support behaviour change in patients after a cardiac attack.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline the various goals and strategies employed...

Question 9

Briefly explain the importance and findings of the INTERHEART project.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the importance and findings of...

Question 10

Outline the central concepts of the two dominant models that explain chronic stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline the central concepts of the two...

Question 11

Describe the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory (ESSI) assessment scale.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the ENRICHD Social Support Inventory (ESSI)...

Question 12

Briefly explain the importance and findings of the Framingham Offspring Study.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly explain the importance and findings of...

Question 13

Briefly outline the possible composition of a typical social network and its effect on cardiovascular risk and outcome.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly outline the possible composition of a...

Question 14

Outline the evidence linking depression to cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline the evidence linking depression to cardiovascular...

Question 15

Discuss the multiple links between post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the multiple links between post-traumatic stress...

Question 16

Describe the history of the hypothesis that type of personality affects cardiovascular risk and outcomes, including the findings on resilience and vitality.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the history of the hypothesis that...

Question 17

Discuss a plausible comprehensive picture of the parallel and converging mechanisms that are thought to contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its outcomes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss a plausible comprehensive picture of the...

Question 18

Outline and discuss the importance, methodologies, and methodological difficulties, of a psychological assessment of a patient with cardiovascular disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline and discuss the importance, methodologies, and...

Question 19

Outline and discuss the three distinct approaches to treating cardiovascular disease from a psychosocial standpoint.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Outline and discuss the three distinct approaches...

Question 20

Briefly outline the distinct psychotherapeutic approaches that have shown efficacy in cardiovascular patients.

Accepted Answer

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Quiz 10: Cardiovascular Disease

The ENRICHD randomized trial tested the effect of either cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) or of standard medical follow-up in cardiovascular patients. The results indicated that patients in the CBT group had depression and social scores, and clinical outcomes.

The CREATE randomized trial compared an antidepressant, citalopram, to a placebo used alongside interpersonal therapy (IPT) in cardiovascular patients. The results show that the antidepressant and that the IPT .