Question 1

In relation to gender differences between men and women with regards to strokes, which statement is accurate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In relation to gender differences between men...

Question 2

Which class of drug is typically administered in the case of an ischemic stroke?

Accepted Answer

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) is used to dissolve blood clots in ischemic stroke, restoring blood flow to the affected brain area.

Question 3

Astrocytes and neural stem/progenitor cells might promote angiogenesis, which refers to:

Accepted Answer

Astrocytes and neural stem/progenitor cells can promote angiogenesis, which specifically refers to the process of facilitating the development of a new blood supply. This is crucial for repairing and regenerating tissues, including in the brain.

Question 4

Following a stroke, patients may have difficulty performing activities of daily living, such as dressing, bathing and cooking. What kind of therapist may help provide therapy for this?

Accepted Answer

Occupational therapists specialize in helping individuals regain their ability to perform daily activities and tasks, such as dressing, bathing, and cooking, which is often needed after a stroke.

Question 5

In humans, high levels of _______ may predict later development of diabetes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In humans, high levels of _______ may...

Question 6

Periodontal disease has been linked to diabetes. This may occur because cytokines released from diseased gums:

Accepted Answer

Cytokines released from diseased gums can travel through the bloodstream and have systemic effects, including disturbing the function of pancreatic beta cells, which are responsible for insulin production. This can exacerbate or contribute to the development of diabetes by impairing the body's ability to regulate blood sugar levels.

Question 7

A genetically engineered form of the bacteria Lactobacillus secretes greater amounts of _______ which is known to reduce glucose levels among diabetics.

Accepted Answer

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is known for its role in reducing blood glucose levels by enhancing the secretion of insulin. Genetically engineered Lactobacillus that secretes higher amounts of GLP-1 can therefore help in managing glucose levels in diabetics.

Question 8

Which of the following is not true regarding gestational diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Gestational diabetes does not prevent epigenetic changes.

Question 9

Which of the following drugs is used to treat type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

Metformin is a first-line medication used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, particularly in people who are overweight. It works by improving the sensitivity of body tissues to insulin, thereby facilitating the entry of glucose into cells.

Question 10

Glycemic index reflects all of these except:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glycemic index reflects all of these except:
...

Question 11

The WHO recommends that sugars should not surpass what percentage of our caloric intake?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The WHO recommends that sugars should not...

Question 12

Diabetes or high levels of glucose (in the absence of diabetes) may be comorbid with other conditions. Which conditions are best known to be associated with type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Diabetes or high levels of glucose (in...

Question 13

Glucosidase inhibitors:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Glucosidase inhibitors:
...

Question 14

Sulfonylureas:

Accepted Answer

Sulfonylureas work by increasing insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas, which helps to lower blood glucose levels. They do not directly affect insulin resistance, glucose excretion in urine, cytokine release, or insulin sensitivity in the ways described by the other options.

Question 15

Which growth factor has been shown to normalize insulin responses in mice?

Accepted Answer

FGF-1 has been shown to normalize insulin responses in mice, indicating its potential role in improving insulin sensitivity and managing conditions like diabetes.

Question 16

Diabetes reduces life span by:

Accepted Answer

Diabetes can reduce life expectancy by approximately 6-10 years, depending on various factors such as the type of diabetes, management of the condition, and presence of complications.

Question 17

When the immune system turns against us and begins attacking the self, this is referred to as an:

Accepted Answer

Autoimmune disorders occur when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body's own cells, tissues, and organs, recognizing them as foreign. This can lead to a variety of diseases, depending on the part of the body that is being attacked.

Question 18

How does Sjogren's syndrome occur?

Accepted Answer

Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disorder where the body's white blood cells attack and destroy the exocrine glands, primarily the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to dry mouth and dry eyes.

Question 19

When the immune system mistakenly identifies normal skin cells as a pathogen, leading to an overproduction of skin cells, what immune disease might be involved?

Accepted Answer

Psoriasis is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy skin cells, causing rapid cell growth and leading to the thick, scaly patches associated with the condition.

Question 20

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, which often lead to abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea and severe internal cramps, are both examples of:

Accepted Answer

Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are both classified as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), which specifically affect the lining of the digestive tract, causing inflammation, pain, and other symptoms.

Quiz 1: Health Psychology