Question 1

Social structure consists of all except

Accepted Answer

Social structure consists of institutions, groups and their relationships, statuses and roles, but values are not necessarily considered part of social structure. Values can influence social structure but they are not a tangible or concrete aspect of it.

Question 2

__________ is/are the process(es) by which people act toward or respond to other people and is the foundation for all relationships and groups in society.

Accepted Answer

Social interaction refers to the ways in which people act toward or respond to other people, and it is the basis for all relationships and groups in society. It encompasses a range of behaviors, from verbal communication to nonverbal cues, and is a crucial part of human functioning and development.

Question 3

A __________ is a socially defined position in a group or society characterized by certain expectations, rights, and duties, and it exists independently of the specific people occupying them.

Accepted Answer

A status refers to a position in a group or society that comes with a set of expectations, rights, and duties. This position exists independently of the specific people who occupy it. A role refers to the behavior and actions expected of a person who occupies a particular status. A label is a term used to describe a person or group, often negatively, based on their perceived characteristics or behavior. A class refers to a group of people who share a similar social and economic position.

Question 4

Which is not one of the five traditional institutions?

Accepted Answer

The five traditional institutions are family, educational, religious, economic, and political. Military is not one of them.

Question 5

__________ is the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure. Sociologist Robert Park coined this term to refer to persons (such as immigrants) who simultaneously share the life and traditions of two distinct groups.

Accepted Answer

Social marginality is the state of being part insider and part outsider in the social structure. It refers to individuals who belong to two distinct cultures simultaneously, such as immigrants, and feel like they don't fully belong to either group. Alienation refers to feeling disconnected or isolated from society, stigmatization refers to being marked as a deviant or undesirable by society, and anomie refers to a lack of social norms or rules.

Question 6

Jane defines herself first and foremost as a student. For Jane, being a student is considered her ____ status.

Accepted Answer

Jane's identification of herself primarily as a student indicates that being a student is her master status. A master status is a status that has exceptional significance for social identity, often shaping a person's entire life.

Question 7

__________ are the fastest growing category of homeless persons in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Families with children are the fastest growing category of homeless persons in the United States, according to the National Coalition for the Homeless. This is a result of a variety of factors, including rising housing costs, stagnant wages, and limited affordable housing options.

Question 8

Jorge is a male born to Mexican American parents; he was assigned these positions at birth. He is an adult and-if he lives long enough-will someday become an "older adult," which is a(n) __________ status received involuntarily later in life.

Accepted Answer

An ascribed status is one that is assigned to an individual at birth or later in life and is not based on individual achievement or choice. Being an older adult is an ascribed status because it is based on factors such as age and lifespan, rather than individual achievement or choice.

Question 9

Statuses are distinguished by the manner in which we acquire them. A(n) __________ status is a social position conferred at birth or received involuntarily later in life, based on attributes over which the individual has little or no control, such as race/ethnicity, age, and gender.

Accepted Answer

The description fits the concept of an ascribed status, which is given at birth (e.g. gender) or later in life and is not based on an individual's achievements or efforts. It is assigned based on social factors beyond the individual's control.

Question 10

A(n) __________ is any physical or social attribute or sign that so devalues a person's social identity that it disqualifies that person from full social acceptance.

Accepted Answer

A stigma is a physical or social attribute that makes an individual feel as though they are not fully accepted by society. It can be caused by a wide range of factors, such as physical or mental disability, race, sexuality, or religion. A stigma can lead to discrimination, social exclusion, and other negative consequences. Therefore, the best answer is B, stigma.

Question 11

A first grade teacher, a daughter, a wife, a mother, a Presbyterian, a soccer coach, and a Kansas resident. All of these socially defined positions constitute her __________.

Accepted Answer

The socially defined positions mentioned in the example make up a status set, which is a collection of all the statuses a person holds at a given time. A status grouping refers to a cluster of related statuses, a status category is a shared social position that people can occupy (such as gender or ethnicity), and a status diagram is not a recognized sociological concept.

Question 12

__________ gives us the ability to interpret the social situations we encounter. For example, we expect our families to care for us, our schools to educate us, and our police to protect us.

Accepted Answer

Social structure refers to the organized patterns of relationships and institutions that form the foundation of society. It provides us with expectations about how society should work and shapes our understanding of social situations. It includes elements like organizations, institutions, and cultural values, which influence how we interact with one another.

Question 13

__________ theorists maintain that in capitalistic societies, where a few people control the labor of many, the social structure reflects a system of relationships of domination among categories of people (for example, owner-worker and employer-employee).

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists argue that in capitalist societies, there is a dominant class (owners) and a subordinate class (workers), perpetuating a system of inequality and domination. This perspective emphasizes the role of power struggles and social conflict in shaping societal structure and relationships.

Question 14

Although thousands of new students arrive on college campuses each year to occupy the __________ of first-year student, the position of being a college student and the expectations attached have remained relatively unchanged for the past century.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although thousands of new students arrive on...

Question 15

The mass media is an example of a(n) _______ institution.

Accepted Answer

The mass media is an emergent institution as it has developed and expanded rapidly in recent years due to advances in technology and globalization. It has not been established for a long time like traditional institutions such as government or religion.

Question 16

__________ theorists emphasize that social structure is essential because it creates order and predictability in a society. Social structure is also important for our human development.

Accepted Answer

Functionalist theorists emphasize the importance of social structure in creating order and predictability in society. According to functionalism, social structure is essential for our human development as it enables us to understand and navigate the world around us. This perspective views society as a complex system made up of interdependent parts that work together to maintain social stability and harmony.

Question 17

__________ is the complex framework of societal institutions (such as the economy, politics, and religion) and the social practices (such as rules and social roles) that make up a society and that organize and establish limits on people's behavior.

Accepted Answer

Social structure refers to the organized and patterned relationships and interactions that exist within a society. It includes the various social institutions and practices that shape and define individuals' behavior and interactions. Social interaction (A) and group interaction (D) are both important components of social structure, but on their own do not encompass the entire concept. Structurally patterned behavior (B) is a term often used to describe behavior that is strongly influenced by social norms and expectations, but it does not capture the full complexity of social structure.

Question 18

__________ is essential for the survival of society and for the well-being of individuals
Because it provides a social web of familial support and social relationships that
Connects each of us to the larger society.

Accepted Answer

Social structure is the correct answer because it provides a social web of familial support and social relationships that connects each of us to the larger society.

Question 19

At the __________, the social structure of a society has several essential elements: social institutions, groups, statuses, roles, and norms.

Accepted Answer

The macrolevel refers to the larger societal structure and institutions, including social institutions, groups, statuses, roles, and norms. The other answer choices are not applicable to describing the social structure of a society.

Question 20

A convicted criminal, wearing a prison uniform, is an example of a person who has been __________; the uniform says that the person has done something wrong and should not be allowed unsupervised outside the prison walls.

Accepted Answer

Stigmatized means to be marked as something undesirable or disgraceful. Wearing a prison uniform stigmatizes the person by marking them as a convicted criminal who has done something wrong and is not to be trusted with unsupervised freedom.

Quiz 4: Social Structure and Interaction in Everyday Life.