Question 1

Which part of the world has the lowest life expectancy?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, countries in sub-Saharan Africa have the lowest life expectancy in the world, with an average of around 61 years. This is due to factors such as high rates of infectious diseases, lack of access to healthcare, and poverty.

Question 2

The __________ (deaths per thousand live births) is more than eight times higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries.

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths of infants under 1 year of age per 1,000 live births. It is a commonly used indicator of a country's overall health status and healthcare system. Low-income countries tend to have higher rates of infant mortality due to factors such as lack of access to healthcare, poor nutrition, inadequate sanitation, and high rates of infectious diseases. The other answer choices (B, C, and D) are not as directly related to infant mortality rate.

Question 3

Average life expectancy has increased by about a third in the past three decades and is now more than 70 years in __________ countries.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Average life expectancy has increased by about...

Question 4

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) defines a _________ person as "someone who can, with understanding, both read and write a short, simple statement on their everyday life".

Accepted Answer

UNESCO defines a literate person as someone who can read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life with understanding.

Question 5

The average life expectancy at birth of people in low-income countries is about __________ years less than that of people in high-income nations.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Bank, the average life expectancy at birth in low-income countries is around 30 years less than in high-income nations. This is due to factors such as poverty, limited access to healthcare and education, and economic inequality, which can all significantly impact health outcomes.

Question 6

The adult literacy rate in the low-income countries is about half that of the high-income countries. __________ constitute about two-thirds of those who are illiterate in the low-income countries.

Accepted Answer

According to the statement, women constitute about two-thirds of those who are illiterate in low-income countries.

Question 7

In 1990, the United Nations introduced the __________, establishing three new criteria, in addition to the gross domestic product, for measuring the level of advancement in a country: life expectancy, education, and living standards.

Accepted Answer

The United Nations introduced the human development index (HDI) in 1990, which considers life expectancy, education, and living standards, in addition to gross domestic product, as criteria for measuring a country's level of development.

Question 8

The World Bank calculates that __________ of the population in low- and middle-income countries lack the essentials of well-being.

Accepted Answer

The World Bank estimates that 37% of the population in low- and middle-income countries live below the poverty line, which means they lack the essentials of well-being.

Question 9

Low-income countries typically have higher rates of illness and disease, and they do not have adequate health care facilities. __________ is a common problem among children, many of whom are underweight, stunted, and have anemia.

Accepted Answer

The sentence mentions that low-income countries have higher rates of illness and disease, and inadequate health care facilities. It then goes on to specify that children often suffer from being underweight, stunted, and anemic, which are all signs of malnutrition. Therefore, the correct answer is D - Malnutrition.

Question 10

Which part of the world (at 47%) has the highest percentage of the world's illiterate population age 15 and older?

Accepted Answer

South Asia has the highest percentage of the world's illiterate population age 15 and older, at 47%. This region includes countries such as India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh, where a significant portion of the population lacks basic literacy skills.

Question 11

There are approximately __________ literate women for every 100 literate men. Literacy is crucial for women because it has been closely linked to decreases in childbirth, improved child health, and increased earnings potential.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Bank, there are approximately 74 literate women for every 100 literate men globally. This highlights the gender gap in literacy rates and the importance of promoting education and literacy for women. Improved literacy rates for women have been linked to various positive outcomes, such as better health, lower fertility rates, and increased economic opportunities.

Question 12

Health is defined in the Constitution of the World Health Organization as __________.

Accepted Answer

The Constitution of the World Health Organization defines health as "a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity." Therefore, option A is the correct answer as it provides the exact definition given in the Constitution. The other options are not complete or accurate definitions of health as defined by the WHO.

Question 13

According to the __________, human development is the process of "expanding choices that people have in life, to lead a life to its full potential and indignity, through expanding capabilities and through people taking action themselves to improve their lives."

Accepted Answer

The definition given aligns with the United Nations' definition of human development. The Peace Corps and American Red Cross are organizations that focus on humanitarian efforts, but do not define human development. The North American Trade Organization primarily deals with economic policies and does not relate to human development.

Question 14

The average life expectancy at birth of people in middle-income countries remains about ________ years less than that of people in high-income countries.

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization, the average life expectancy at birth in high-income countries is 80 years, while in middle-income countries it is 68 years, which is a difference of 12 years.

Question 15

One major cause of shorter life expectancy in low-income nations is the high _______ rate.

Accepted Answer

Infant mortality rate refers to the number of deaths of infants under one year of age per 1,000 live births. In low-income nations, there is often limited access to healthcare, poor nutrition, and inadequate sanitation, all of which contribute to high infant mortality rates. This ultimately leads to a lower life expectancy in these nations.

Question 16

Approximately ____ percent of the world's illiterate population age 15 and older live in South Asia.

Accepted Answer

According to the UNESCO Institute for Statistics, approximately 47% of the world's illiterate population age 15 and older live in South Asia.

Question 17

Average life expectancy has increased by about a third in the past three decades. Although no country has a life expectancy rate of 80 years for men, __________ some countries now have a life expectancy rate of 80 years or more for women.

Accepted Answer

The statement says that no country has an 80-year life expectancy for men, but it does not provide any information about the life expectancy rate for women. The only information given is that some countries now have a life expectancy rate of 80 years or more for women, and the only answer choice that fits that description is B, which is 19.

Question 18

Many people in low-income nations remain in poor health. In fact, about __________ million people die each year from diarrhea, malaria, tuberculosis, and other infections and parasitic illnesses.

Accepted Answer

Approximately 17 million people die each year from diarrhea, malaria, tuberculosis, and other infections and parasitic illnesses in low-income nations.

Question 19

According to the United Nations, __________ is the process of "expanding choices that people have in life, to lead a life to its full potential and in dignity, through expanding capabilities and through people taking action themselves to improve their lives."

Accepted Answer

The definition provided aligns with the concept of human development as defined by the United Nations Development Programme.

Question 20

__________ account for most of the 700 million "income poor" people in the world.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that women account for a large percentage of the world's income poor population. This is due to various reasons such as gender discrimination, lack of access to education and job opportunities, and cultural norms that limit women's economic participation. Therefore, option A (women) is the best choice.

Quiz 8: Global Stratification.