Question 1

The term _______ refers to the reflective self-conception or self-image that we each derive from family, gender, cultural, ethnic, and individual socialization processes.

Accepted Answer

The term that refers to the reflective self-conception is identity. The other options do not fully capture the definition given.

Question 2

Emma's _______ identity can include the facts that she is female, an attorney, and Latina; while her _______ identity can include that facts that she is outgoing and disorganized.

Accepted Answer

Emma's social identity includes her being female, an attorney, and Latina, which are aspects of her identity related to her social groups and categories. Her personal identity includes traits like being outgoing and disorganized, which are individual characteristics.

Question 3

Hector is a fun-loving Mexican American instructor of intercultural communication at a major U.S. university. From the above description, his personal identity is

Accepted Answer

A

Question 4

Lilia grew up in a close family consisting of her parents, grandparents, aunts, and uncles. What type of family is this?

Accepted Answer

An extended family consists of relatives beyond just the parents and children, including grandparents, aunts, uncles, and cousins. Lilia's family fits this description, as she grew up with her parents, grandparents, aunts, and uncles.

Question 5

_______ refers to the meanings and interpretations we hold concerning our self-image and expected other-images of femaleness and maleness.

Accepted Answer

Gender identity refers to the internal sense of being male or female, while gender hierarchy refers to the social organization of gender roles and the power dynamics between men and women. Self-construal refers to the beliefs and attitudes we have about ourselves, and cultural identity refers to the shared beliefs and values of a particular culture or group.

Question 6

Genders that do not fall into a male or female category are referred to as

Accepted Answer

Nonbinary is the term used to describe genders that do not fit into the traditional male or female category. The other options (assimilated, marginal, bicultural) do not pertain to gender identity.

Question 7

The degree of identity change that occurs when individuals move from a familiar environment to an unfamiliar one describes what process?

Accepted Answer

The process described refers to acculturation, which is the process of adjusting and adapting to a new cultural environment. Enculturation refers to the process of learning and internalizing the norms and values of one's own culture, while interdependence refers to a relationship between two or more individuals or groups. Marginalization refers to the social and economic exclusion of certain individuals or groups from mainstream society.

Question 8

Samantha has lived in the United States all her life. She has been socialized into U.S. American culture and internalized its primary cultural values. She has been _______ into an "American" identity.

Accepted Answer

Enculturation refers to the process of learning one's own culture and internalizing its values and norms, which is what Samantha has undergone by growing up in the United States. Acculturation involves learning and adopting a new culture and may not apply in this scenario. Adaptation is a broader term and does not necessarily refer to the internalization of cultural values. Marginalization refers to being excluded or pushed to the margins of society, which does not fit the context of the sentence.

Question 9

The "socioeconomic conditions" of a country in welcoming or rejecting incoming cultural strangers/immigrants can be located as a _______-level factor.

Accepted Answer

The socioeconomic conditions of a country refer to the economic and social systems and structures within that country, such as the job market, education system, welfare programs, and political institutions. These larger systems play a significant role in how welcoming or rejecting a country may be towards immigrants. The other options (social media, individual, network) are more micro-level factors that may also influence attitudes towards immigrants but are not as broad or systemic as socioeconomic conditions.

Question 10

Kareem's family was motivated to emigrate to Sweden due to Sweden's job and educational opportunities and overall quality of life, which are considered _______ motivational factors.

Accepted Answer

"Push" factors refer to negative circumstances that encourage someone to emigrate from their home country, such as poverty or violence, while "pull" factors refer to positive aspects of the destination country that attract immigrants, such as job opportunities and quality of life. In this case, Kareem's family was attracted by Sweden's job and educational opportunities and overall quality of life, making this a "pull" factor. Therefore, the best choice is B.

Question 11

_______ resources for immigrants consist of support for task related and practical goals, such as help with transportation and filling out job applications.

Accepted Answer

Instrumental resources refer to support for practical and task-related goals, such as finding housing, employment, and education. Help with transportation and filling out job applications fall under instrumental resources. Affective resources, on the other hand, refer to emotional and psychological support, co-culture resources refer to support for navigating between different cultural groups, and social resources refer to support from social networks and community organizations.

Question 12

_______ identity involves the emotional significance that we attach to our sense of belonging or affiliation with the larger culture.

Accepted Answer

Cultural identity refers to the group or society we are born into, such as a nationality, religion, or language. It includes the emotional attachment we have to our cultural group and the traditions, values, and beliefs that come with it. It is different from personal identity, which is more about our individual traits and characteristics. Co-culture and ethnic identity are similar concepts but refer more specifically to smaller subgroups within a larger culture, based on factors such as shared experiences or ancestry.

Question 13

Ben has never been to Israel. He and his family celebrate their Jewish heritage by involvement in a synagogue, the celebration of holidays and traditions, and learning Hebrew. Ben's _______ is Jewish.

Accepted Answer

Ben's involvement in synagogue activities, celebration of Jewish holidays and traditions, and learning Hebrew are all aspects related to his ethnic identity, which is Jewish. Ethnic identity refers to a person's sense of belonging to a particular ethnic group, which can include cultural, religious, and linguistic characteristics.

Question 14

Jada is African American and views her _______ identity as having its heritage or roots in Africa.

Accepted Answer

Ethnic identity refers to a sense of belonging to a particular cultural or ethnic group. Jada views her African American identity as having its roots in Africa, indicating a connection to her ancestral heritage and cultural traditions. National identity refers to a person's citizenship or affiliation with a particular country, which may or may not be related to their ethnic identity. Accommodated and assimilated identities suggest a level of adaptation or integration into a different cultural group, which is not applicable in this scenario.

Question 15

As a Filipino American, you have internalized both small and large power distance value dimensions: at home you communicate respectfully with your grandpa and at work you interact informally with your boss, since your boss prefers casual style. Your identity reflects _______ identity tendency.

Accepted Answer

The scenario described demonstrates a bicultural identity tendency, as the individual has learned to adapt their behavior and communication style based on different cultural contexts (e.g. home vs work) and to navigate and reconcile different cultural values (e.g. small vs large power distance). This ability to navigate multiple cultural identities and contexts is a hallmark of a bicultural identity.

Question 16

Sabina strongly identifies herself as being a "U.S. American" and, at the same time, strongly identifies with her ethnic Iranian heritage. Her identity is reflective of which identity option?

Accepted Answer

Sabina's identity is bicultural because she identifies with both her American and Iranian heritage.

Question 17

Your parents are from El Salvador, and you were born and raised in L.A. You're often quite confused about your ethnic and cultural identity in the U.S. culture-you don't feel very "mainstream American," or very El Salvadorian either. Your identity reflects the _______ identity type.

Accepted Answer

The marginal identity type describes individuals who don't feel a strong sense of belonging to either their ethnic culture or the mainstream culture of the society in which they live, reflecting the described feelings of confusion and lack of belonging to either cultural identity.

Question 18

You can code-switch fluently between acting very individualistic and assertive to very collectivistic and diplomatic. Your behaviors reflects a(n) _______ identity.

Accepted Answer

Bicultural identity reflects the ability to navigate between two cultures, which is exactly what is described in the scenario. Being able to switch between individualistic and assertive behavior to collectivistic and diplomatic behavior suggests a fluency in both individualistic and collectivistic cultural norms, therefore suggesting a bicultural identity.

Question 19

As a Puerto Rican American, Carlos identifies strongly with the larger U.S. culture and identifies weakly with his ethnic heritage, traditions, and values. In the ethnic-cultural identity typological model, James is practicing which of the four options?

Accepted Answer

Carlos is practicing an assimilated identity, meaning he identifies more with the larger U.S. culture and less with his ethnic heritage. This is characterized by a weak identification with the ethnic group and a strong identification with the dominant culture.

Question 20

In the _______ stage of the racial-/ethnic identity development model, racial minority members view themselves as part of the mainstream U.S. culture, feel that they are just "regular" U.S. Americans going about their everyday lives, and do not have questions about their ethnic identity issues.

Accepted Answer

In the pre-encounter stage of the racial-/ethnic identity development model, individuals do not yet recognize how their ethnic identity affects their experiences, and view themselves as part of the mainstream culture without questioning their ethnic identity.

Quiz 4: What Are the Keys to Understanding Cultural and Ethnic Ide