Question 1

Jason would like his work to take him to which level on the hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization is the highest level on Maslow's hierarchy of needs and includes fulfilling one's full potential and creative pursuits. If Jason wants his work to take him to this level, he likely desires a job that allows him to pursue his passions, challenge himself intellectually, and make a positive impact on the world.

Question 2

According to McGregor's Theory X perspective,employees ________.

Accepted Answer

According to McGregor's Theory X, employees do not like work and want to avoid responsibility. McGregor believed that they need to be closely supervised and coerced into performing their work. The other choices do not align with McGregor's Theory X perspective.

Question 3

According to Herzberg,which of the following is a motivator?

Accepted Answer

Herzberg defined motivators as factors that contribute to job satisfaction and fulfillment, such as the work itself, responsibility, growth, and recognition. A is incorrect because the quality of the relationship with the supervisor is a hygiene factor, and although it may prevent dissatisfaction, it does not necessarily create satisfaction. B is also incorrect because the relationship with peers is a hygiene factor. C is incorrect because job security is also considered a hygiene factor.

Question 4

People with a high need for achievement ________.

Accepted Answer

People with a high need for achievement prefer moderately challenging goals because these goals provide a balance between the risk of failure and the satisfaction of success.

Question 5

The three-needs theory of motivation states that there are three ________ needs that are major motives in work.

Accepted Answer

The three-needs theory of motivation, proposed by psychologist David McClelland, suggests that there are three acquired needs that are major motives in work: the need for achievement, the need for affiliation, and the need for power. These needs are considered acquired because they are developed over time through life experiences, rather than being innate or biologically based.

Question 6

________ assumes that employees have little ambition,dislike work,and want to avoid responsibility.

Accepted Answer

Theory X assumes that employees have little ambition, dislike work, and want to avoid responsibility.

Question 7

According to the three-needs theory,the best managers tend to be ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the three-needs theory,the best managers...

Question 8

Julie is currently trying to satisfy her ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

Physiological needs refer to basic needs for survival, such as food, water, and shelter. Since Julie is trying to satisfy her needs, it is most likely that she is focusing on these basic physiological needs. Safety needs refer to the need for security and protection from harm, social needs refer to the need for social interaction and relationships, and esteem needs refer to the need for self-esteem and respect from others.

Question 9

When Jamie agreed to work late next month,she was concerned about her ________ needs.

Accepted Answer

Working late can raise concerns about safety due to factors like traveling late at night or being in an empty office, which can make someone feel vulnerable.

Question 10

You are acting as manager and mentor to Melanie,an employee who has been identified as a high achiever.Going by McClelland's three-needs theory,which of the following measures would best help you to motivate Melanie to do her best?

Accepted Answer

According to McClelland's three-needs theory, high achievers are motivated by tasks that provide a personal sense of achievement and responsibility. Giving Melanie a job that holds her personally responsible for finding solutions to problems is likely to motivate her to do her best. Promising a promotion and a raise (A) may provide external motivation but may not satisfy Melanie's need for personal achievement. Setting goals that are just out of reach (C) may lead to frustration if she is unable to reach them, and giving easy goals (D) may not challenge her enough to fulfill her need for achievement.

Question 11

According to Herzberg,salary,working conditions,and security are all examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

Herzberg's two-factor theory differentiates between motivators (such as meaningful work, recognition, and personal growth) and hygiene factors (such as salary, working conditions, and job security). The hygiene factors are not seen as motivators themselves, but rather as factors that can prevent dissatisfaction if they are adequate, but they do not lead to satisfaction even if they are excellent.

Question 12

McGregor's Theory X suggests that workers are almost exclusively driven by ________ motivators.

Accepted Answer

McGregor's Theory X suggests that workers are primarily motivated by extrinsic motivators such as pay, rewards, and punishment.

Question 13

According to Herzberg,achievement,recognition,and growth are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

Herzberg's theory differentiates between motivators (job aspects that lead to job satisfaction and motivation) and hygiene factors (job aspects that prevent dissatisfaction but do not necessarily lead to motivation). Achievement, recognition, and growth are considered motivators according to Herzberg's theory. Theory Y refers to McGregor's idea that assumes employees are self-motivated and responsible. Extrinsic factors are rewards or punishments that come from outside the individual, such as pay or benefits.

Question 14

According to the three-needs theory,the need for ________ is the drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards.

Accepted Answer

The need for achievement is defined as the drive to succeed and excel in relation to a set of standards. This need is characterized by individuals who seek challenges, set ambitious goals, and enjoy receiving recognition for their accomplishments. This need is one of the three needs proposed by the three-needs theory, along with the needs for power and affiliation.

Question 15

Believing that individual's attitudes toward work determined success or failure,Herzberg investigated the question "________"

Accepted Answer

Herzberg's investigation was focused on identifying the factors that motivate employees, and he believed that individuals' attitudes toward work are crucial in determining whether they succeed or fail. Therefore, his main question was "What do people want from their jobs?" (option C).

Question 16

According to Herzberg,which of the following is a hygiene factor?

Accepted Answer

Herzberg classified salary as a hygiene factor, which means that it is a basic requirement for employees to not feel dissatisfied, but it is not a motivator for them to feel satisfied in their work. The other options (achievement, recognition, responsibility) are considered motivators that can lead to job satisfaction.

Question 17

Larry is at which level on the hierarchy of needs?

Accepted Answer

Larry is likely at the esteem level on the hierarchy of needs since he could potentially be seeking recognition, status, and achievement. While there is not enough information to definitively place him at this level, it is more likely than the other options.

Question 18

Lorenzo,a sales executive at Orpheus International,was identified early on as a high-achiever.His manager took a personal interest in his career and provided him good assignments,targeted training,and development programs.However,after a couple of years,it was evident that Lorenzo was not living up to his potential.He was demotivated and dissatisfied with his job.Which of the following facts,if TRUE,would explain Lorenzo's lack of motivation?

Accepted Answer

Lorenzo's lack of motivation could be due to the fact that he was moved into a supervisory role, where his main responsibility was to support others in his team achieve their targets. This could be demotivating for someone who was previously a high-achiever and enjoyed individual success. The other options do not provide sufficient explanation for Lorenzo's lack of motivation. Option A suggests that his manager provided him with regular feedback, which is generally considered to be a motivating factor. Option B indicates that Lorenzo had been given a challenging task, which may or may not have contributed to his demotivation. Option D implies that Lorenzo had unrealistic expectations regarding his salary, but this may or may not be related to his lack of motivation.

Question 19

Irene,a CEO of a small company,strongly believes in Douglas McGregor's assumptions about human nature.Which of the following management practices is Irene most likely to favor to maximize employee motivation?

Accepted Answer

Douglas McGregor's assumptions, outlined in his Theory X and Theory Y, suggest that employees are inherently motivated and want to contribute to the success of the company. Participatory management, which involves empowering employees to participate in decision-making and giving them a greater say in the direction of the company, aligns with this belief and would likely be favored by Irene to maximize employee motivation. The other options, such as top-down decision-making, monitoring and controlling employees, and narrowing job scope, go against the assumptions of Theory Y and may ultimately decrease employee motivation.

Question 20

According to Herzberg,when ________ factors are present,people won't be dissatisfied,but they won't be satisfied either.

Accepted Answer

Herzberg's theory states that hygiene factors, such as salary, benefits, working conditions, and job security, are necessary to prevent dissatisfaction in the workplace. However, the presence of these factors alone is not enough to motivate employees or make them feel satisfied with their job.

Quiz 15: Motivating Employees