One of the World's Largest Publishers Was Totally Unprepared for Recent

One of the world's largest publishers was totally unprepared for recent increases in the demand for digital books. During 2011, the sale of e-books exceeded the sales of traditional printed paperback books for the first time. If the publisher had __________, it would have been more prepared for this shift in its marketing environment.

A) optimized its distribution by eliminating local and chain store bookstores (like Borders) that failed to meet their sales quotas
B) noticed the change in the demographics of book readers in general
C) noticed the behavioral changes in moviegoers, who now prefer to view 2D and 3D movies in IMAX theaters
D) shifted funds from product development to advertising
E) tracked, as part of its ongoing environmental scanning activities, the sales of e-books and e-book readers sold by others