Question 1

The primary purpose of a diagnostic system to classify mental disorders is that it serves to

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Research has categorized children's difficulties into two broad dimensions of problems: internalizing and externalizing.Internalizing problems refer to

Accepted Answer

Internalizing problems refer to emotional and behavioral problems that are directed inwardly, such as sadness, anxiety, and withdrawn behavior. Option A refers to externalizing problems, which involve acting out behavior, such as yelling and destroying things. Option C is incorrect as social setting is not related to internalizing or externalizing problems. Option D is partially correct as internalizing problems may involve self-blame, but it is not the only criterion for categorizing children's difficulties into internalizing or externalizing problems.

Question 3

In the past few decades,classification of psychiatric disorders has been augmented with elements of a prototype model.When applied to psychiatric diagnosis,this implies that

Accepted Answer

The prototype model acknowledges that not all people with the same diagnosis have the exact same set of symptoms. Instead, patients are grouped together based on their resemblance to a representative prototype of the disorder, which allows for greater flexibility in diagnosis and individualized treatment plans. The other choices are incorrect as they contradict the basic premise of the prototype model.

Question 4

Health care providers often find it necessary and helpful to diagnose patients because:

Accepted Answer

All of these reasons are important for health care providers to diagnose their patients. Insurance companies typically require a diagnosis to justify coverage of treatments, while treatment options rely on an accurate diagnosis. In addition, having a common language for discussing mental health conditions helps communication among clinicians, researchers, and patients.

Question 5

Research has categorized children's difficulties into two broad dimensions of problems: internalizing and externalizing.Externalizing problems refer to

Accepted Answer

Externalizing problems refer to behaviors that are directed outwardly, such as aggression, impulsivity, and rule-breaking. Yelling and destroying things are examples of externalizing behavior. Sadness and withdrawn behavior are examples of internalizing behavior. Choice C is incorrect because it does not accurately capture the definition of externalizing problems. Choice D is incorrect because it describes a specific behavior rather than a dimension of problems.

Question 6

The underlying assumption of the dimensional approach to categorization is there is an important _________ difference between objects in the extent to which they possess certain characteristics or properties.

Accepted Answer

The dimensional approach assumes that objects can be categorized based on quantitative differences in the extent to which they possess certain characteristics or properties. This is different from the categorical approach, which assumes that objects can be categorized into discrete categories based on shared defining features.

Question 7

Which of the following is known as 'a family of empirically derived assessment tools to measure competence and problems internalizing and externalizing)across the lifespan?'

Accepted Answer

The description fits the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, making it the correct choice. Miller's Assessment Tool Kit and Schwartz Assessment Battery are specific assessment tools, while Weisner System of Clinical Diagnosis is not well-known or commonly used.

Question 8

The classification approach that is based on the assumption that objects differ in the extent to which they possess certain characteristics or properties is known as the

Accepted Answer

The dimensional approach is based on the assumption that objects differ in the extent to which they possess certain characteristics or properties. This approach categorizes objects along a continuum based on the amount of a particular trait or characteristic they possess.

Question 9

A psychologist who examines ways that an adult's depression symptoms interfere with the adult transitioning from living on his/her own to an assisted living facility is using a:

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is examining the impact of depression symptoms on the adult's ability to transition from living independently to an assisted living facility, which is a focus of the developmental psychopathology approach. This approach studies the ways that developmental, contextual, and cultural factors impact the expression and progression of psychopathology across the lifespan.

Question 10

A psychologist who examines ways that a child's anxiety symptoms interfere with a child settling into a new school is using an):

Accepted Answer

The approach described involves examining how a child's anxiety symptoms are affecting their development and adjustment to a new school, which is a focus of developmental psychopathology. The other options (B,C,D) are not applicable to this scenario.

Question 11

A first-time father is reporting a great deal of anxiety surrounding his new role as a parent.A psychologist using a developmental psychopathology approach would first:

Accepted Answer

A developmental psychopathology approach emphasizes the importance of understanding how factors such as context, culture, and developmental stage influence the expression and trajectory of symptoms. Therefore, the psychologist would first investigate how much the anxiety interferes with the new father's transition into his new role as a parent. This approach recognizes that anxiety is a normal and expected reaction to the new responsibilities and demands of parenthood and that some level of anxiety can be adaptive. Rather than focusing on diagnosis or labeling, the psychologist would aim to understand the father's experience and provide support and guidance as needed. While exploring past history and recommending parent training may be useful, they are not the first steps in this approach.

Question 12

Classification __________ refers to the extent to which the classification system reflects reality.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a classification system accurately reflects reality. Utility refers to how useful a classification system is for a particular purpose, reliability refers to the consistency of the classification system, and applicability refers to the extent to which the classification system can be applied to different contexts or situations.

Question 13

In determining whether or not behaviour is abnormal,one must consider

Accepted Answer

To accurately determine whether or not behaviour is abnormal, all factors must be considered, including the context in which the behaviour occurs, the age of the person exhibiting the behaviour, and the cultural heritage of the person exhibiting the behaviour. Each of these factors can significantly impact the perception and understanding of the behaviour, and ignoring any one of them can lead to an inaccurate assessment. Therefore, the best choice is D, all of the above.

Question 14

The underlying assumption of a developmental psychopathology approach is that

Accepted Answer

The answer of The underlying assumption of a developmental psychopathology...

Question 15

A new client reports concerns that her child frequently talks about his imaginary friend and all of the wonderful adventures they have together.A psychologist using a developmental psychopathology approach would first:

Accepted Answer

A developmental psychopathology approach would first seek to understand if the behavior is age-appropriate before assuming it is a sign of pathology. Asking about the child's age would be important in determining if the behavior is within a normal range of behavior for their age.

Question 16

Classification __________ refers to the usefulness of a classification scheme.

Accepted Answer

Utility refers to the usefulness of a classification scheme, in terms of whether it meets the needs of the intended users and assists them in achieving their goals. Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of the classifications over time and across different users. Validity refers to whether a classification scheme accurately represents the characteristics of the items being classified. Applicability refers to whether a classification scheme is appropriate and relevant to the specific context or setting in which it is being used.

Question 17

Children diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder ADHD)show persistent and maladaptive symptoms of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that are ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of ADHD are inconsistent with developmental level, as they are more severe or pervasive than what is typically seen in children of the same age.

Question 18

________ refers to the extent to which the classification system reflects reality,whereas ______ refers to the usefulness of the classification system for directing treatment.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of a classification system, while validity refers to how accurate and consistent the system is in measuring what it is intended to measure. Utility refers to the practical usefulness of a classification system in directing treatment or interventions. Therefore, the correct answer is B, validity refers to the accuracy of the classification system, while utility refers to its practical usefulness.

Question 19

The underlying assumption of the categorical approach to categorization is that there is an important __________difference between objects that are members of a category and those that are not.

Accepted Answer

The categorical approach to categorization assumes that the difference between objects that are members of a category and those that are not is qualitative in nature, meaning that there is a fundamental difference in the features or characteristics of objects that determine their membership in a category. This approach does not rely on numerical or subjective differences between objects.

Question 20

The classification approach that is based on the assumption that entities that are members of a category are qualitatively different from those that are not is known as the

Accepted Answer

The categorical approach is based on the assumption that entities that are members of a category are qualitatively different from those that are not. This approach categorizes entities into discrete categories based on specific criteria or features that define each category, and it assumes that entities within each category share common properties that distinguish them from entities outside the category.

Quiz 3: Classification and Diagnosis