Question 1

Dr.Vela is studying comorbid substance use disorders and anxiety disorders among African Americans,Caucasians,Hispanic Americans,and Native Americans between 15 years and 65 years of age.Dr.Vela is using a:

Accepted Answer

A multigroup design involves comparing two or more groups on a particular variable or variables of interest, which is what Dr.Vela is doing by studying different racial/ethnic groups in relation to their comorbid substance use and anxiety disorders. The other designs (factorial, case study, and repeated measures) do not apply to this specific research question.

Question 2

If a researcher unintentionally introduces another variable into an experimental design,this is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

When a researcher unintentionally introduces another variable into an experimental design, it is known as a confound. This can affect the results of the experiment and make it difficult to determine the true cause of any effects observed.

Question 3

Esteban completed a research study for class credit.He thought it was odd that he only had to complete a single self-report questionnaire after finding out from some of his classmates that they had to stare at a light before completing the questionnaire.Esteban was most likely in the:

Accepted Answer

The fact that Esteban only had to complete a self-report questionnaire and did not undergo any manipulation or intervention indicates that he was in an empty control group. This group serves as a comparison group to the experimental group and does not receive any treatment or manipulation. The placebo group would have received a fake treatment or intervention, the experimental group would have undergone the same light-staring intervention, and the baseline group would have had their initial level of the variable of interest measured before any manipulation occurred.

Question 4

Dr.Sila is studying eating disorders among young children,older children,adolescents,young adults,and adults between the ages of 5 years and 75 years of age.Dr.Sila is using a:

Accepted Answer

A multigroup design involves studying multiple age groups and comparing them to each other. This is the most appropriate design for Dr. Sila's study. The other options do not involve multiple age groups or comparison between them.

Question 5

Dr.Balin is interested in studying the association between food preferences among 5-year-old to 55-year-old males and females,specifically examining four different levels of food preferences: sweet,salty,sour,and bitter.Dr.Balin is likely to find what type of relationship?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Balin is interested in studying the association...

Question 6

Knowing what you know about sample bias,which would be the best and most representative sample to address the following research question: Does an individual's geographic origin and age affect their political affiliations?

Accepted Answer

Option B is the best and most representative sample as it includes a random sample of residents from each state in the United States between the ages of 18 years and 99 years. This ensures that individuals from different geographic origins and age groups are represented, reducing sample bias. The other options are limited in their geographic scope, age range or do not include a random sampling method.

Question 7

A 2009 study examining the effects of the temperature of a room on social relationships found:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A 2009 study examining the effects of...

Question 8

Dr.Tykr determined that his null hypothesis is in fact true.This would suggest that Dr.Tykr's study:

Accepted Answer

If the null hypothesis is true, it means that there were no significant differences or relationships found in the study. Therefore, the study did not yield any statistically significant results.

Question 9

Dr.Pinner is interested in studying the association between likeability and popularity and plans on using two groups and three levels of the independent variable.Dr.Pinner is likely to find:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Pinner is interested in studying the association...

Question 10

Dr.Primrose is studying sleep disturbances among young adults and conducts experiments at different times during the night for each patient and monitors their sleep patterns at different points in their sleep cycles.Without realizing it Dr.Primrose has introduced:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Primrose has introduced confounds by conducting experiments at different times during the night for each patient and monitoring their sleep patterns at different points in their sleep cycles. This can make it difficult to determine if any observed effects are due to the independent variable (the sleep disturbances being studied) or to the confounding variables of the experiment (the timing of the experiments).

Question 11

Dion is interested in study individual's affinity for warm weather.He decides to sample residents of Miami,Florida,and randomly selects individuals on the beach to complete his survey.Dion's study most likely suffers from:

Accepted Answer

Dion's study suffers from sample bias because he only selected individuals on the beach in Miami, which may not be representative of the entire population's affinity for warm weather in Miami.

Question 12

Dr.Lumen's recent findings support the notion that his null hypothesis is false.This would suggest that Dr.Lumen's study:

Accepted Answer

If Dr. Lumen's recent findings support the notion that his null hypothesis is false, this means that he found a significant difference between the groups being compared in his study. Therefore, his study had a moderate to high degree of power, meaning that it was able to detect a true difference if one existed.

Question 13

Dr.Henries decided that it would be too difficult and costly to assess all bilingual students among three states receiving federal funding for bilingual studies.Dr.Henries serves as an advisor to the bilingual club on campus as well as advisor to the foreign-language students.Dr.Henries's most cost efficient and timely option for sampling would be:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dr.Henries decided that it would be too...

Question 14

Mr.McGrew is interested in the various types of butterflies throughout the United States.He is most interested in the differences among butterflies with origins in New England,the gulf states,the midwestern states,and the western states.Mr.McGrew is using a:

Accepted Answer

A multigroup design is appropriate as Mr. McGrew is interested in comparing differences among four different groups (butterflies from New England, the gulf states, the midwestern states, and the western states).

Question 15

Linn is developing a research study wants to include a group in his study that only completes the depression questionnaire and alcohol use questionnaire and does not receive any of the experimental manipulations.Linn is thinking about implementing a(n):

Accepted Answer

The answer of Linn is developing a research study wants...

Question 16

If Professor Adams decides to use students in all of his sociology classes for his research,he is using what type of sampling procedure?

Accepted Answer

Convenience sampling involves selecting individuals who are readily available and accessible, which in this case would be the students in Professor Adams' sociology classes. This type of sampling is not considered the most rigorous or representative, but it can be practical and cost-effective in certain situations.

Question 17

Ricardo develops a research study to help answer his research question: Do individuals in the northeast part of the United States have a different dialect than individuals in the southern part of the United States? He interviews individuals from Louisiana and Mississippi as well as from Maine and New Hampshire.He is interested in studying their dialects.He interviews 30 individuals in each of two age groups: 15-30 years of age and 31-75 years of age.He has all participants read and record a preselected passage three times.He then codes their dialects based on a coding system and has two other researchers code the dialects as well.Based on this information which of the following would be considered the dependent variable (DV)?

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable (DV) is the variable that is being measured or tested in the study to see if it is affected by the independent variable (IV). In this study, the IV is geographic origin and the DV is dialect coding. The researchers are measuring the participants' dialects to see if they differ based on where the participants are from. The age groups and gender of the participants are not the focus of the study, and are likely being used as control variables. Therefore, C is the best choice for the DV.

Question 18

One of the most main goals of a research study is to make all efforts to:

Accepted Answer

Increasing power is a main goal of a research study as it increases the probability of finding a true effect and decreases the chances of a type II error. Decreasing the sample size or effect size may negatively impact the study's accuracy and generalizability, while decreasing p (significance level) may increase the chances of a type I error. Therefore, increasing power is the best choice.

Question 19

Deandre is new teacher at a local elementary school.He decides to conduct a brief study testing the fifth graders knowledge of science at the beginning of the school year and at the end of the school year.He will randomly assign students to either a "hands-on" science group that does experiments with each lesson plan or to a "video" science group that assigns videos and online tutorials in support of the science lesson plans.Based on this information which of the following would be considered the dependent variable (DV)?

Accepted Answer

The dependent variable (DV) is the variable that is being measured and manipulated by the researcher. In this scenario, the pretest and posttest of science knowledge is the variable that is being measured to determine if there is a change in science knowledge for the fifth graders. The type of science group, gender, and age of the fifth graders are independent variables (IVs) as they will not be changed by the researcher and are being used to determine if they have an effect on the DV.

Question 20

Deandre is new teacher at a local elementary school.He decides to conduct a brief study testing the fifth graders knowledge of science at the beginning of the school year and at the end of the school year.He will randomly assign students to either a "hands-on" science group that does experiments with each lesson plan or to a "video" science group that assigns videos and online tutorials in support of the science lesson plans.Based on this information which of the following would be considered the independent variable (IV)?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable (IV) is the variable that is being manipulated or changed by the researcher, in this case, the types of science group (hands-on vs video). The dependent variable (DV) is the variable that is being measured, in this case, science knowledge at the beginning and end of the school year. Age of the fifth graders is not a variable that is being manipulated or measured, so it is not the independent or dependent variable.

Quiz 9: B: Multi-Group Design: Im Feeling Hot, but Is the Earth Hot, Too