Question 1

Some companies progress from export marketing to a more involved stage of internationalization once:
A) managers can speak a foreign language.
B) management is willing to commit adequate resources to export activities.
C) the companies stock increases.
D) the metric system becomes standard.
E) new management has been hired.

Accepted Answer

The willingness of management to commit adequate resources to export activities is a crucial factor in the progression from export marketing to a more involved stage of internationalization. Without this commitment, a company may struggle to effectively expand into new markets and may not be able to sustain its growth. Language skills, stock price, the metric system, and new management may all be helpful, but they are not the primary factor in determining the company's ability to successfully transition to a more advanced stage of internationalization.

Question 2

U.S. automobile and consumer electronics manufacturers in the 1960s and 1970s are examples of a(an):
A) multicentric orientation.
B) polycentric orientation.
C) ethnocentric orientation.
D) bicentric orientation.
E) egocentric orientation.

Accepted Answer

U.S. automobile and consumer electronics manufacturers in the 1960s and 1970s had an ethnocentric orientation, meaning they believed their home country's products and practices were superior to others and imposed them on foreign markets.

Question 3

When management of a company comes to realize the benefit of economies of scale in product development, manufacturing, and marketing by consolidating some of its
Activities on a regional basis, the company is ready to move into the _____________
Stage of marketing.
A) multinational
B) customization
C) global
D) international
E) polycentric

Accepted Answer

Economies of scale are achieved when a company can produce more of a product at a lower cost per unit. This can be done by consolidating some of its activities on a regional basis, which allows the company to take advantage of larger production runs and lower transportation costs.

Question 4

The ________________ stage begins with unsolicited orders from foreign customers.
A) export marketing
B) domestic marketing
C) indirect marketing
D) international marketing
E) multinational marketing

Accepted Answer

The export marketing stage begins when a company starts receiving unsolicited orders from foreign customers, indicating interest in the company's products from markets outside its home country. This stage is characterized by the company's initial efforts to fulfill these orders and potentially explore further opportunities in international markets.

Question 5

Domestic marketing strategy is characterized as a strategy that is developed based on information about domestic customer needs and wants, economic, technological, and
Political environments at home, and ____________________.
A) taxes
B) customer habits
C) geography
D) culture
E) industry trends

Accepted Answer

The answer of Domestic marketing strategy is characterized as a...

Question 6

Five types of marketing that have led to the evolution of global marketing are domestic marketing, export marketing, international marketing, _________________, and global marketing.
A) multinational marketing
B) consumer marketing
C) gray marketing
D) expansion marketing
E) import marketing

Accepted Answer

Multinational marketing involves a company operating in multiple countries with different marketing strategies tailored to each country's specific market. It differs from global marketing, which involves using the same marketing strategy across all countries. Therefore, multinational marketing is the missing type that completes the evolution of global marketing.

Question 7

Domestic marketers tend to be ________________.
A) ethnocentric
B) biocentric
C) polycentric
D) geocentric
E) localcentric

Accepted Answer

Domestic marketers tend to be ethnocentric, meaning they believe their own culture and values are superior to others. They may not consider the differences in culture and values of other countries or regions when developing and implementing marketing strategies.

Question 8

If a company were to standardize its product groups within a region (for instance, Western Europe), the company would be characterized as taking a ___________
Orientation to its planning activities.
A) bicentric
B) polycentric
C) geocentric
D) concentric
E) regiocentric

Accepted Answer

Regiocentric orientation is when a company standardizes its product groups within a particular region while still remaining responsive to local consumer preferences. This allows for cost savings through standardization but also acknowledges the need for adaptation to local markets.

Question 9

Responding to changes in the market and competitive environments by moving forward in a ________________ manner anticipates changes and then formulates
Strategies.
A) proactive
B) deductive
C) constructive
D) reactive
E) participative

Accepted Answer

Moving forward in a proactive manner means taking the initiative to anticipate changes in the market and competitive environment, and then formulating strategies to address them. This is a more effective approach than reacting to changes after they have occurred.

Question 10

There are five identifiable stages in the evolution of marketing across national boundaries. The first stage is:
A) global marketing.
B) international marketing.
C) export marketing.
D) direct marketing.
E) domestic marketing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are five identifiable stages in the...

Question 11

Responding to changes in the market and competitive environments by moving forward in a ______________ manner waits for others to formulate strategies before
Making decisions.
A) proactive
B) deductive
C) constructive
D) reactive
E) participative

Accepted Answer

A reactive manner involves responding to changes after they occur, often waiting for others to act first before making decisions.

Question 12

In a polycentric orientation, marketers begin to _________________ products to local conditions.
A) standardize
B) regulate
C) adapt
D) centralize
E) subsidize

Accepted Answer

In a polycentric orientation, marketers adapt products to local conditions. This means they modify the product and marketing strategies according to the needs and preferences of the local market. This allows for greater customization and an increased likelihood of success in the local market.

Question 13

Companies often develop different marketing strategies depending on the degree of experience and:
A) the cost of capital in international markets.
B) the span of control of management.
C) their consumer concept.
D) the nature of operations in international markets.
E) the corporate focus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Companies often develop different marketing strategies depending...

Question 14

Export marketing consists of:
A) indirect and direct exporting.
B) indirect and longitudinal exporting.
C) indirect and passive exporting.
D) indirect and active exporting.
E) indirect and aggressive exporting.

Accepted Answer

Export marketing includes both indirect exporting (using intermediaries such as agents, distributors, or trading companies) and direct exporting (selling directly to customers in the foreign market). Longitudinal, passive, active, and aggressive exporting are not commonly used terms in the field of export marketing.

Question 15

A unique feature of international marketing is its ________________ orientation with emphasis on product and promotional adaptation in foreign markets.
A) geocentric
B) regiocentric
C) ethnocentric
D) polycentric
E) egocentric

Accepted Answer

The answer of A unique feature of international marketing is...

Question 16

Once export marketing becomes an integral part of a company's marketing activity, it will begin to seek new directions for growth and international expansion. This stage is called
________________________.
A) exporting.
B) green marketing.
C) multinational marketing.
D) global marketing.
E) international marketing.

Accepted Answer

At this stage, the company is looking to expand its market reach beyond its home country, which is referred to as international marketing. This involves tailoring marketing strategies to fit the needs and preferences of foreign markets.

Question 17

If international marketing is taken to the extreme, a company may establish an independent foreign subsidiary in each and every foreign market and have each of
The subsidiaries operate independently of each other without any measurable
Headquarters control. This special case is called:
A) multinational marketing.
B) export marketing.
C) international marketing.
D) multidomestic marketing.
E) resource-based marketing.

Accepted Answer

The scenario described in the question is representative of multidomestic marketing. This involves creating a separate marketing strategy for each foreign market, with little or no coordination or control from the headquarters. This approach allows for maximum autonomy to each subsidiary, but it can also lead to inconsistencies in branding, messaging, and overall performance.

Question 18

Export marketers still tend to take a(n) ____________ approach to foreign markets.
A) geocentric
B) polycentric
C) ethnocentric
D) dualcentric
E) regiocentric

Accepted Answer

Export marketers still tend to take an ethnocentric approach to foreign markets, meaning that they believe their own country’s values, attitudes, and behaviors are superior to those of other countries. This approach can limit their success in foreign markets, as they may not fully understand or appreciate the differences in culture and consumer behavior. A geocentric approach would prioritize finding the most effective global strategies, whereas a polycentric approach would prioritize adapting to local markets. Dualcentric and regiocentric approaches are less commonly used.

Question 19

As a company's market share in a number of countries reaches a certain point, it becomes important for the company to defend its position vis-à-vis local
Competition. This is an example of _____________________ orientation.
A) geocentric
B) regiocentric
C) ethnocentric
D) egocentric
E) polycentric

Accepted Answer

The situation described refers to a company operating in multiple countries and defending its market share against local competition, which aligns with a polycentric orientation. A polycentric orientation emphasizes adapting products and marketing strategies to local cultures and tastes, and relies on local managers and decision-makers to lead operations in each country.

Question 20

When a company focuses solely on its domestic market, this strategy is characterized as one employing:
A) global marketing.
B) international marketing.
C) domestic marketing.
D) indirect marketing.
E) direct marketing.

Accepted Answer

Domestic marketing refers to a company's marketing activities focused only on its home market or country. Therefore, the company is not involved in global or international marketing, which involves marketing activities in multiple countries or regions. Indirect marketing refers to marketing through intermediaries or channels, while direct marketing involves communicating directly with customers through means such as mail, email, or telemarketing.

Quiz 1: Globalization Imperative

Some companies progress from export marketing to a more involved stage of internationalization once:

U.S. automobile and consumer electronics manufacturers in the 1960s and 1970s are examples of a(an) :

When management of a company comes to realize the benefit of economies of scale in product development, manufacturing, and marketing by consolidating some of its Activities on a regional basis, the company is ready to move into the _____________ Stage of marketing.

The ________________ stage begins with unsolicited orders from foreign customers.

Domestic marketing strategy is characterized as a strategy that is developed based on information about domestic customer needs and wants, economic, technological, and Political environments at home, and ____________________.

Five types of marketing that have led to the evolution of global marketing are domestic marketing, export marketing, international marketing, _________________, and global marketing.

Domestic marketers tend to be ________________.

If a company were to standardize its product groups within a region (for instance, Western Europe) , the company would be characterized as taking a ___________ Orientation to its planning activities.

Responding to changes in the market and competitive environments by moving forward in a ________________ manner anticipates changes and then formulates Strategies.

There are five identifiable stages in the evolution of marketing across national boundaries. The first stage is:

Responding to changes in the market and competitive environments by moving forward in a ______________ manner waits for others to formulate strategies before Making decisions.

In a polycentric orientation, marketers begin to _________________ products to local conditions.

Companies often develop different marketing strategies depending on the degree of experience and:

Export marketing consists of:

A unique feature of international marketing is its ________________ orientation with emphasis on product and promotional adaptation in foreign markets.

Once export marketing becomes an integral part of a company's marketing activity, it will begin to seek new directions for growth and international expansion. This stage is called ________________________.

If international marketing is taken to the extreme, a company may establish an independent foreign subsidiary in each and every foreign market and have each of The subsidiaries operate independently of each other without any measurable Headquarters control. This special case is called:

Export marketers still tend to take a(n) ____________ approach to foreign markets.

As a company's market share in a number of countries reaches a certain point, it becomes important for the company to defend its position vis-à-vis local Competition. This is an example of _____________________ orientation.

When a company focuses solely on its domestic market, this strategy is characterized as one employing: