Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the physiological effects of regular physical activity?
A)enhances the action of insulin
B)enhances gastric motility
C)improves sleep patterns
D)decreases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL)

Accepted Answer

Regular physical activity actually increases HDL cholesterol, which is the "good" cholesterol that helps remove dangerous cholesterol from the bloodstream.

Question 2

The primary end product of glycolysis is
A)adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
B)creatine phosphate (CP).
C)lactic acid.
D)pyruvic acid.

Accepted Answer

The primary end product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid, which is then either oxidized in the mitochondria to produce ATP or converted to lactic acid under anaerobic conditions. While ATP is also produced during glycolysis, it is not the primary end product. Creatine phosphate is not produced during glycolysis.

Question 3

Which of the following is FALSE concerning aerobic metabolism?
A)Its by-products are carbon dioxide and water.
B)It leads to muscle fatigue.
C)It provides fuel for low-intensity exercise.
D)It supplies more energy than anaerobic exercise.

Accepted Answer

Aerobic metabolism does not lead to muscle fatigue, as it is a sustainable form of energy production. Anaerobic exercise, on the other hand, can lead to muscle fatigue due to the buildup of lactic acid.

Question 4

Approximately what percentage of Americans report that they do NOT engage in any leisure-time activity?
A)10 percent
B)16 percent
C)25 percent
D)50 percent

Accepted Answer

Approximately 25 percent of Americans report that they do not engage in any leisure-time physical activity.

Question 5

During exercise, what source(s) of energy is/are used by the body for glucose?
A)glycogen stored in muscles
B)glucose found in bones
C)fatty acids stored in adipose tissue
D)protein found in blood

Accepted Answer

During exercise, the body primarily uses the glycogen stored in muscles as a source of energy for glucose.

Question 6

To achieve moderate intensity physical activity, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends a target heart rate range of what percentage of an individual's maximal heart rate?
A)50 to 55 percent
B)50 to 70 percent
C)50 to 65 percent
D)50 to 80 percent

Accepted Answer

The answer of To achieve moderate intensity physical activity, the...

Question 7

Which of the following BEST describes exercise?
A)any movement produced by muscles that increases energy expenditure
B)maximal force or tension level that can be produced by a muscle group
C)leisure physical activity that is purposeful, planned, and structured
D)ability to move a joint fluidly through the complete range of motion

Accepted Answer

Exercise is defined as a leisure physical activity that is purposeful, planned, and structured. While choices A, B, and D describe aspects of physical activity, they do not fully encompass the definition of exercise.

Question 8

Marco wants to improve his cardiorespiratory fitness. Which type of activity would be the MOST effective to achieve this goal?
A)weight lifting every other day
B)yoga four times a week
C)resistance training three times a week
D)bicycling three times a week

Accepted Answer

Bicycling three times a week is the most effective activity to improve cardiorespiratory fitness. This is because it is an aerobic exercise that elevates the heart rate and increases the oxygen uptake of the body, which strengthens the heart and lungs. Weight lifting and resistance training are beneficial for muscular strength but not as effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness. Yoga is also not as effective because while it can improve flexibility and strength, it does not elevate the heart rate enough to improve cardiorespiratory fitness.

Question 9

The amount of ATP produced in glycolysis can maintain exercise for no more than how many minutes?
A)10
B)3
C)30
D)60

Accepted Answer

Glycolysis produces a net of 2 ATP molecules per glucose molecule. This can sustain exercise for no more than 2-3 minutes, after which other energy systems such as oxidative phosphorylation come into play. Therefore, the best choice is B, which represents 3 minutes. The other options (A, C, and D) are either too short or too long for the time frame of ATP production in glycolysis.

Question 10

The top of the Physical Activity Pyramid emphasizes activities that
A)are harmful, such as failing to stretch before starting an activity.
B)we should do less of, such as watching TV.
C)should be done three to five times a week to improve cardiovascular fitness, such as aerobic exercise.
D)should be engaged in every day.

Accepted Answer

The top of the Physical Activity Pyramid represents activities that should be minimized, such as sedentary activities like watching TV.

Question 11

To achieve cardiorespiratory fitness, you should train a minimum of how many day(s) per week?
A)3
B)5
C)2
D)7

Accepted Answer

According to the American College of Sports Medicine, cardiorespiratory fitness can be achieved by training a minimum of 3 days per week.

Question 12

After completing an exercise session, adequate hydration in an athlete is BEST determined by
A)lack of fatigue and soreness in the muscles.
B)urine that is light yellow in color.
C)no sweat production.
D)absence of leg cramps.

Accepted Answer

Adequate hydration is determined by urine color, which should be light yellow. Dark yellow urine indicates dehydration, while clear urine may indicate overhydration. Lack of fatigue and soreness in muscles, no sweat production, and absence of leg cramps are not reliable indicators of hydration status.

Question 13

Which of the following is traditionally used to evaluate the level of intensity of aerobic activity?
A)heart rate
B)blood glucose level
C)blood pressure
D)distance traveled per unit of time (e.g., steps per hour)

Accepted Answer

Heart rate is the most commonly used measure to evaluate the level of intensity of aerobic activity as it directly reflects the body's oxygen uptake and energy expenditure. Other measures such as blood glucose level, blood pressure, and distance traveled per unit of time can be helpful in assessing overall health and fitness, but they are not as specific to measuring aerobic activity intensity.

Question 14

Which of the following individuals does NOT need to have a medical evaluation before beginning an exercise regimen?
A)Jack, a 65-year-old man with diabetes
B)Betty, a 55-year-old woman who is healthy but inactive
C)Frank, a 45-year-old man who is healthy but inactive
D)Dinitra, a healthy, active 35-year-old-woman

Accepted Answer

Generally, individuals who are healthy and inactive do not need to undergo medical evaluation before beginning an exercise regimen. However, if any health concerns arise during the exercise regimen, it is advised that further evaluation be sought. The other individuals mentioned may require medical evaluation before starting an exercise program due to pre-existing medical conditions.

Question 15

The FIT principle is
A)the level of fitness one should achieve according to one's age.
B)the principle that a good physical fitness program should be based on frequency, intensity, and time.
C)a method to determine your fitness level based on your target heart rate.
D)a method to determine fitness based on flexibility and muscle strength.

Accepted Answer

The FIT principle stands for Frequency, Intensity, and Time, and it is the principle that a good physical fitness program should be based on. It is not about the level of fitness one should achieve according to age or a method to determine fitness based on flexibility and muscle strength, nor is it a method to determine fitness based on target heart rate.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about cool-down exercise after an exercise session?
A)helps to prevent injury
B)helps to reduce muscle soreness
C)involves stretching
D)helps digestion later on

Accepted Answer

Cool-down exercise primarily focuses on decreasing heart rate and blood flow gradually, and stretching to reduce muscle soreness and prevent injury. It does not have a direct impact on digestion.

Question 17

Physical activity NOT related to a person's occupation is known as
A)nonoccupational physical activity.
B)leisure-time physical activity.
C)free-time physical activity.
D)physical fitness.

Accepted Answer

Leisure-time physical activity refers to any physical activity that is done outside of work or occupational demands, such as recreational sports or exercise for personal health benefits. Choice A, nonoccupational physical activity, could include duties such as housework or gardening, which are not necessarily leisure-time activities. Choice C, free-time physical activity, is essentially the same as leisure-time physical activity. Choice D, physical fitness, refers more to an individual's overall physical health and ability to perform certain activities, rather than a specific type of physical activity.

Question 18

In which of the following types of exercise would creatine phosphate (CP) be an important source of energy?
A)running a 10-kilometer road race
B)biking up a mountain
C)playing in a football game
D)sprinting in a 100-meter race

Accepted Answer

Creatine phosphate (CP) is used in short, high-intensity activities such as sprinting. This is because the body can quickly convert CP into ATP, which is used for immediate energy. The other activities listed involve longer duration and lower intensity, so other sources of energy, such as glucose and fatty acids, are used.

Question 19

What is meant by the overload principle?
A)subjecting the body to inappropriately high stress
B)stretching a muscle group beyond the joint's healthy range of motion
C)improving fitness by placing extra physical demand on the body
D)complete depletion of the body's glycogen

Accepted Answer

The overload principle states that in order to improve physical fitness, the body must be subjected to extra physical demand or overload that exceeds the demands placed on it previously. This can be accomplished through increasing frequency, intensity, or duration of exercise. Option A refers to the concept of overtraining, which can be harmful to the body. Option B refers to stretching, which is not directly related to the overload principle. Option D refers to the complete depletion of glycogen, which is not directly related to the overload principle.

Question 20

When oxygen is scarce, cellular pyruvic acid will be converted to
A)glucose.
B)ATP.
C)lactic acid.
D)fatty acids.

Accepted Answer

When oxygen is scarce, cellular pyruvic acid is converted to lactic acid through a process called anaerobic respiration or fermentation. The production of lactic acid helps to regenerate the supply of NAD+ which is needed to keep glycolysis running. This process occurs in muscle cells during strenuous exercise when oxygen supply cannot keep up with the demands of energy production.

Quiz 12: Nutrition and Physical Activity: Keys to Good Health

Which of the following is NOT one of the physiological effects of regular physical activity?

The primary end product of glycolysis is

Which of the following is FALSE concerning aerobic metabolism?

Approximately what percentage of Americans report that they do NOT engage in any leisure-time activity?

During exercise, what source(s) of energy is/are used by the body for glucose?

To achieve moderate intensity physical activity, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends a target heart rate range of what percentage of an individual's maximal heart rate?

Which of the following BEST describes exercise?

Marco wants to improve his cardiorespiratory fitness. Which type of activity would be the MOST effective to achieve this goal?

The amount of ATP produced in glycolysis can maintain exercise for no more than how many minutes?

The top of the Physical Activity Pyramid emphasizes activities that

To achieve cardiorespiratory fitness, you should train a minimum of how many day(s) per week?

After completing an exercise session, adequate hydration in an athlete is BEST determined by

Which of the following is traditionally used to evaluate the level of intensity of aerobic activity?

Which of the following individuals does NOT need to have a medical evaluation before beginning an exercise regimen?

The FIT principle is

Which of the following is NOT TRUE about cool-down exercise after an exercise session?

Physical activity NOT related to a person's occupation is known as

In which of the following types of exercise would creatine phosphate (CP) be an important source of energy?

What is meant by the overload principle?

When oxygen is scarce, cellular pyruvic acid will be converted to